Skin Lymphomas

Biologic therapies are highly effective in psoriasis, but have profound effects on innate and adaptive immune pathways that may negatively impact on cancer immunosurveillance mechanisms. To investigate the risk of cancer in psoriasis patients treated with biologic therapy we searched Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library (up to August 2016) for randomized control trials, prospective cohort studies and systematic reviews that reported cancer incidence in people exposed to biologic therapy for psoriasis compared to a control population...

BACKGROUND: The role of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the evaluation of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) first presenting in the skin is not well established, while computed tomography (CT) is used as a standard procedure. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of FDG-PET versus CT at initial staging of ALCL first presenting in the skin. MATERIALS & METHODS: Eleven cases of ALCL first presenting in the skin who underwent both FDG-PET and CT were retrospectively analysed...

OBJECTIVES: HHV-8, also known as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) associated herpesvirus is involved in KS and other tumors comprising multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). Rituximab is currently used for treatment of several autoimmune or inflammatory diseases and humoral organ rejection. De novo HHV-8 induced tumors by rituximab used for autoimmune or inflammatory diseases or humoral organ rejection have not been reported. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we report clinical, virological and pathology of five HIV-negative male patients with HHV-8-induced tumors following rituximab therapy...

INTRODUCTION: With the aim of providing cancer control indicators, this work presents cancer survival in adult (≥15 years) patients in Spain diagnosed during the period 2000-2007 from Spanish cancer registries participating in the EUROCARE project. METHODS: Cancer cases from nine Spanish population-based cancer registries were included and analysed as a whole. All primary malignant neoplasms diagnosed in adult patients were eligible for the analysis. Cancer patients were followed until 31 December 2008...

A 62-year-old man with asthma presented with a 1-month history of wheezing and exertional dyspnea. Although the wheezing symptoms disappeared after systemic corticosteroid therapy, the exertional dyspnea and hypoxemia did not improve. A diagnosis of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) with pulmonary involvement was suspected because of the increased serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) level, increased alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (AaDO2), decreased pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and scintigraphic, computed tomography (CT) and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT findings...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with its 2 most common entities, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, causes an increased risk of developing intestinal cancers. In fact, malignancies are the second most common cause of death after cardiovascular diseases in both sexes of patients with IBD. Risk factors for colorectal cancer in IBD correlate with the duration of the disease, extent of disease, the association with primary sclerosing cholangitis, family history, and early age at onset. Patients with IBD also have an increased risk for developing a variety of extraintestinal malignancies...

BACKGROUND: With the improving outcomes of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), it is imperative to focus on survivorship issues, including the development of second primary malignancies (SPMs). We used a large US database to measure the risk of SPMs among FL survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-13 registry to identify FL patients from 1992 to 2011. We calculated the risk of SPMs, developing ≥ 6 months after diagnosis, using the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and absolute excess risk...

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have been conducted among farmers, but very few of them have involved large prospective cohorts, and few have included a significant proportion of women and farm workers. Our aim was to compare cancer incidence in the cohort (overall, by sex, and by work on farm, occupational status and pesticide use) within the general population. METHODS: More than 180,000 participants in the AGRICAN cohort were matched to cancer registries to identify cancer cases diagnosed from enrolment (2005-2007) to 31st December 2011...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, a new class of cancer therapeutic agents, play an important role in the management of melanoma, NSCLC, and other malignancies. A workshop organized by three MASCC Study Groups: Oral Care, Skin Toxicities, and Neutropenia, Infection, and Myelosuppression during the MASCC Annual Meeting held in Adelaide, Australia on 23-25 June, 2016 focused on the new class of anti-cancer therapeutic agents. Topics in the workshop included the mechanism of action and clinical uses of immune anti-CTL4 and anti-PD1 antibodies, checkpoint inhibitor toxicities, including skin adverse events, gastrointestinal toxicities, oral complications, pulmonary toxicities, and endocrinological and immune-related infections...

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This study investigated the effects of dietary protein levels on disease resistance, immune function and structural integrity in the head kidney, spleen and skin of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 540 grass carp (264.11 ± 0.76 g) were fed six diets containing graded levels of protein (143.1, 176.7, 217.2, 257.5, 292.2 and 322.8 g digestible protein kg(-1) diet) for 8 weeks. After the growth trial, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila for 14 days. The results indicated that optimal levels of dietary protein: (1) (1) increased the lysozyme (LA) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and the complement 3 (C3) and C4 contents, up-regulated antimicrobial peptides, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of κBα, target of rapamycin and ribosomal protein S6 kinases 1 mRNA levels, whereas down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) P65, IKKβ, IKKγ, eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BP) 1 and 4E-BP2 mRNA levels in the head kidney, spleen and skin of grass carp (P < 0...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the adverse effects of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) therapy, and to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing clinical treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 120 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma who underwent 601 times of HDMTX therapy. The adverse effects of various systems were analyzed according to the WHO criteria for the classification of adverse effects of anticancer drugs...

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a low-grade malignant lymphoma that appears frequently in the stomach, but other sites can also be involved: the intestinal tract, lungs, head, neck, skin, thyroid, breasts and liver. Recently, epidemiological evidences support the idea that there is an association between hepatitis C and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (that include MALT as a subtype). Primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas confi ned only to the liver are very rare (only 0...

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an incurable non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the skin-homing T cell. In early stage disease, lesions are limited to the skin, but in later stage disease, the tumor cells can escape into the blood, the lymph nodes, and at times the visceral organs. To clarify the genomic basis of CTCL, we performed genomic analysis of 220 CTCLs. Our analyses identify 55 putative driver genes, including 17 genes not previously implicated in CTCL. These novel mutations are predicted to affect chromatin (BCOR, KDM6A, SMARCB1, TRRAP), immune surveillance (CD58, RFXAP), MAPK signaling (MAP2K1, NF1), NF-κB signaling (PRKCB, CSNK1A1), PI-3-Kinase signaling (PIK3R1, VAV1), RHOA/cytoskeleton remodeling (ARHGEF3), RNA-splicing (U2AF1), T cell receptor signaling (PTPRN2, RLTPR), and T cell differentiation (RARA)...

Syringotropic mycosis fungoides (STMF) is a very rare variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It follows a much milder disease course than its clinically indistinguishable adnexal counterpart, folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (FMF). We report a case of a 36-year-old man who presented with erythematous, studded papules and plaques on the left upper extremity and right anterior thigh diagnosed as mycosis fungoides (MF) Stage 1A on initial superficial shave biopsy. Lesions recurred after initial improvement with narrow-band ultraviolet light therapy demonstrating a concentration of abnormal lymphocytes around eccrine sweat glands on repeat biopsy consistent with STMF...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review recent advances in paraneoplastic neuropathies with emphasis on their definition, different forms and therapeutic development. RECENT FINDINGS: A strict definition of definite paraneoplastic neuropathies is necessary to avoid confusion. With carcinoma, seronegative sensory neuronopathies and neuronopathies and anti-Hu and anti-CV2/Contactin Response Mediator Protein 5 antibodies are the most frequent. With lymphomas, most neuropathies occur with monoclonal gammopathy including AL amyloidosis, Polyneuropathy-Organomegaly-Endocrinopathy-M component-Skin changes (POEMS) syndrome, type I cryoglobulinemia and antimyelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) neuropathies and Waldenström's disease...

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) of the penis is a very rare lesion and it is usually observed in HIV-infected patients. We introduce a case of KS of the penis in a 75 years old HIV negative patient with a peripheral T-cell lymphoma. He came to our attention with a painful ulcerated red lesion on the glans that stretched from the urethral meatus to the coronal skin. This lesion was found to be a KS balanopreputial in the classical variant. Penile KS must be included in the differential diagnosis of genital diseases especially when the clinical features of the lesion are aspecific and diagnosis can be made histologically by performing a biopsy...

Acral angiokeratoma-like pseudolymphoma is a rare type of pseudolymphoma presenting as dark-red papules on the hand or foot. We describe a 59 year old woman who presented with an unusual unilateral, clustered aggregate of scaly violaceous papules on the toe with an indolent course. Skin biopsy showed a prominent vascular proliferation associated with a dermal infiltrate of monoclonally rearranged T-follicular helper phenotype T-cells, in keeping with CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (SMPTC-LPD)...

An 87-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of fever, edema of the lower legs, and gait disturbance. A laboratory examination revealed high serum levels of myeloperoxidase-specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA). Although microscopic polyangiitis was initially suspected and treated, the patient subsequently developed transient hemiparesis and disturbed consciousness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging/angiography revealed infarct-like lesions, pachymeningeal involvement, and diffuse cerebral vasoconstriction...

Lymphoblastic lymphoma is a neoplasm of immature cells committed to the B-cell or T-cell lineage. B-lymphoblastic lymphoma usually involves lymph nodes and extranodal sites, such as the skin, bone, and soft tissue. The rectum is a very rare site of involvement in B-lymphoblastic lymphoma. We describe a 26-year-old man who presented with bleeding per rectum and fecal incontinence. Endoscopy showed a large nodular friable lesion narrowing the entire rectal lumen. Biopsy was diagnostic of B-lymphoblastic lymphoma...