Skin Lymphomas

Primary cutaneous large B‑cell lymphomas (PCBLT), EBV-positive large B‑cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified (EBV+ DLBCL, NOS), and primary cutaneous intravascular large B‑cell lymphomas (PCIVLBL) are recognized as cutaneous lymphomas with intermediate to poor prognosis. Differentiation from indolent B‑cell lymphomas or other pathologies of the skin can be complex, both clinically and histologically, but vital for the outcome of the patient. The combination of immunotherapy and polychemotherapy regimens, such as R‑CHOP, has led to significant improvements in prognosis, especially in diffuse large B‑cell lymphomas...

<p>Herpes zoster is a common and painful disease caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus with a higher incidence and severity associated with increasing age as well as compromised immune status. Acute inciting events for this eruption are not always known, but can include illness, stress, and mechanical injury. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a widely used treatment modality for precancerous skin lesions that has not been previously associated with provoking a herpes zoster outbreak. We present a case of herpes zoster eruption occurring after PDT for actinic keratoses in a patient with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)...

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by monoclonal proliferations of T lymphocytes primarily involving skin, modified skin appendages, and some mucosal sites. This article addresses the basic clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of this group of diseases, with additional attention to evolving literature on dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and molecular data that may increasingly be applied to diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms in these diseases...

INTRODUCTION: Bendamustine, typically in combination with rituximab, is an effective treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Despite its acceptable short-term toxicity profile, long-term toxicities are less well established. This study investigated the long-term adverse effects of bendamustine and responses to subsequent treatments. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Charts of 194 patients were retrospectively reviewed; 54% had received prior treatment (76% attained complete response [CR] or partial response [PR])...

Primary cutaneous acral CD8+ T-cell lymphoma (acral CD8+ TCL) is a new provisional entity characterized by acral skin lesions and an indolent course. We describe an extraordinary case characterized by relapsed nodules with CD8+ cytotoxic infiltrates on the left ear. After 35 years, the skin lesions spread to other acral sites, and a mass with the same histological features as the other skin lesions appeared on the nose. Multiple courses of chemotherapy led to stable disease. Histological examinations carried out at different times showed the gradual transformation of the neoplastic cells with an increased proliferation index...

The present study sought to elucidate the prognosis of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) patients receiving mogamulizumab, a defucosylated anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of ATL patients enrolled in two studies are updated here, namely NCT00355472 (phase I study of mogamulizumab in relapsed patients with ATL and peripheral T-cell lymphoma) and NCT00920790 (phase II study for relapsed ATL). Of 13 patients with relapsed aggressive ATL in the phase I study, four (31%) survived > 3 years...

Rosacea is a common facial dermatosis for which differential diagnoses have to be considered in the case of atypical features or treatment failure. We report 3 cases of systemic marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), with skin involvement simulating rosacea. A 76-year-old man presented a rhinophyma for one year (Fig 1). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology characterized by non-caseified granulomas in many different organs and systems. The disease most frequently manifests with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and infiltrations in the lungs and skin, as well as with eye lesions. It may mimic a number of systemic diseases and/or accompany them. The development of lymphoma in patients with sarcoidosis or the co-occurrence of both diseases is rarely reported in the literature. In this paper we report a female patient followed up with sarcoidosis for three years who developed Hodgkin lymphoma, according to the results of the investigations and biopsy results...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the paper is to assess the influence of marital status on conditional relative survival of cancer according to sex. METHODS: Analyses involved 779,978 males and 1,032,868 females diagnosed with 1 of 13 cancer types between 2000 and 2008, and followed through 2013. Data are from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Regression models were adjusted for age, sex, race, and tumor stage. RESULTS: Five-year relative survival conditional on years already survived is higher among married patients with less lethal cancers (oral cavity and pharynx, colon and rectum, breast, urinary bladder, kidney and renal pelvis, melanoma of the skin, thyroid, lymphoma)...

Adequate therapeutic management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) requires the identification of the exact CTCL stage and entity within the current WHO classification. There is no curative therapy for CTCL yet, so that treatment currently aims at improving symptoms and quality of life as well as reducing relapse rates. The treatment has to be stage-adapted. Therapeutic options comprise skin-directed as well as systemic treatment. In early stages, phototherapy and local steroids are the first-line therapeutic options...

Double-hit lymphoma (DHL) is a rare aggressive B-cell lymphoma with concomitant c-MYC, BCL2 or BCL6 gene rearrangements, which is characterized by the high frequency of extranodal lesions and by resistance to chemotherapy. The median survival does not exceed 18 months in patients with this disease. The majority of DHL is represented by с-MYC/BCL2 cases. The combination of c-MYC/BCL6 occurs rarely (5-8%). The paper describes a case of DHL with concomitant c-MYC and BCL6 gene rearrangements, which mimics diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg-type...

Primary cutaneous B‑cell lymphomas are rarely encountered and represent 25% of all cutaneous lymphomas. Follicular B‑cell lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma belong to indolent subtypes which as a rule have no systemic dissemination and, thus, a mostly unchanged life expectancy. Therefore, skin-directed treatment options such as excision or radiotherapy are usually sufficient to control the disease. In contrast, cutaneous diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma and EBV-associated B‑cell lymphomas of the skin belong to more aggressive entities which demand a systemic first-line upfront therapy with R‑CHOP...

Lymphomas are solid malignant tumors having a wide spectrum of clinical and pathological features. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a subtype of lymphoma with two-thirds of the cases presenting as lymph node enlargement. The remaining one third of NHL cases has been reported in the extranodal sites, including the gastro intestinal tract, Waldeyer's ring, bone, skin, and brain. Intraoral non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is uncommon and may affect either the jaw bones or occur within the soft tissues of the oral cavity...

BACKGROUND: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL), nasal type, is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Currently, there is no recommended standard therapy for relapsed NKTCL. CASE PRESENTATION: A 37-year-old woman with lymphadenopathy was diagnosed with NKTCL by biopsy of an enlarged lymph node on the right side of her neck. Enhanced computed tomography revealed no metastasis. For this patient, we performed continuous chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy; however, nodule biopsy showed metastases in her lower limbs 3 months after radiotherapy, which confirmed disease progression...

Organ transplant recipients receiving immunosuppression have an increased risk of developing post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases (PTLDs). Traditionally, PTLDs refer to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced B-cell lymphoma. However, post-transplant T-cell lymphoma may also occur and tends to have a poorer response to reduced immunosuppressive therapy. As such, additional therapy is often needed for post-transplant T-cell lymphoma, including post-transplant cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (PT-CTCL). We present only the third case of PT-CTCL occurring after liver transplantation...

Extranodal natural killer T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL), formerly called lethal midline granuloma or angiocentric T-cell lymphoma, is a predominantly extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by vascular damage, necrosis, and an association with Epstein-Barr virus. In the United States, it is more frequently seen in Asian, Asian Pacific Islander, and Hispanic descent populations and is more prevalent in males in their fifth decade. Clinical presentation of NK nasal lymphoma most commonly involves epistaxis; obstruction; discharge; destructive mass in sinuses, palate, and nose; and skin ulceration...

BACKGROUND: Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare type of extranodal large B-cell lymphoma. It is characterized by the proliferation of tumour cells exclusively intraluminally in small blood vessels of different organs. The clinical manifestation depends on the type of organ affected, additionally, a haemophagocytic syndrome can be observed in some patients. OBJECTIVE: Due to the rarity of this lymphoma and in spite of detailed immunohistochemical investigations the exact nosology of this cancer is only incompletely understood...

Biologic therapies are highly effective in psoriasis, but have profound effects on innate and adaptive immune pathways that may negatively impact on cancer immunosurveillance mechanisms. To investigate the risk of cancer in psoriasis patients treated with biologic therapy we searched Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library (up to August 2016) for randomized control trials, prospective cohort studies and systematic reviews that reported cancer incidence in people exposed to biologic therapy for psoriasis compared to a control population...

BACKGROUND: The role of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the evaluation of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) first presenting in the skin is not well established, while computed tomography (CT) is used as a standard procedure. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of FDG-PET versus CT at initial staging of ALCL first presenting in the skin. MATERIALS & METHODS: Eleven cases of ALCL first presenting in the skin who underwent both FDG-PET and CT were retrospectively analysed...

OBJECTIVES: HHV-8, also known as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) associated herpesvirus is involved in KS and other tumors comprising multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). Rituximab is currently used for treatment of several autoimmune or inflammatory diseases and humoral organ rejection. De novo HHV-8 induced tumors by rituximab used for autoimmune or inflammatory diseases or humoral organ rejection have not been reported. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we report clinical, virological and pathology of five HIV-negative male patients with HHV-8-induced tumors following rituximab therapy...