keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537123/excitatory-cerebellar-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-boosts-the-leverage-of-prior-knowledge-for-predicting-actions
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Viola Oldrati, Niccolò Butti, Elisabetta Ferrari, Zaira Cattaneo, Cosimo Urgesi, Alessandra Finisguerra
The cerebellum causally supports social processing by generating internal models of social events based on statistical learning of behavioral regularities. However, whether the cerebellum is only involved in forming or also in using internal models for the prediction of forthcoming actions is still unclear. We used cerebellar transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (ctDCS) to modulate the performance of healthy adults in using previously learned expectations in an action prediction task. In a first learning phase of this task, participants were exposed to different levels of associations between specific actions and contextual elements, to induce the formation of either strongly or moderately informative expectations...
February 28, 2024: Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536683/label-aware-calibration-and-relation-preserving-in-visual-intention-understanding
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
QingHongYa Shi, Mang Ye, Wenke Huang, Weijian Ruan, Bo Du
Visual intention understanding is a challenging task that explores the hidden intention behind the images of publishers in social media. Visual intention represents implicit semantics, whose ambiguous definition inevitably leads to label shifting and label blemish. The former indicates that the same image delivers intention discrepancies under different data augmentations, while the latter represents that the label of intention data is susceptible to errors or omissions during the annotation process. This paper proposes a novel method, called Label-aware Calibration and Relation-preserving (LabCR) to alleviate the above two problems from both intra-sample and inter-sample views...
March 27, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing: a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534899/cultural-divergence-in-psychedelic-use-among-medical-students-an-espad-adapted-survey-among-poles-and-iraqis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed Al-Imam, Marek A Motyka, Michal Michalak
Psychedelics can profoundly alter cognition and consciousness. Their use in Middle Eastern countries, including Iraq, is ambiguous. We aim to investigate psychedelic awareness and use among Iraqi and Polish medical students. We surveyed 739 university students from Poland (315) and Iraq (424) using 31 adapted questions from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). We conducted multivariable analyses based on binary logistic regression to identify the factors associated with psychedelic awareness and use...
March 5, 2024: European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533320/displacement-of-abdominal-organs-into-the-thoracic-cavity-a-rare-case-of-adult-bochdalek-hernia
#4
Sien Hu, Xiaohui Yang, Yulian Wu
Congenital diaphragmatic hernias are primarily found in infants and have a high mortality rate due to neonatal respiratory distress. The most common type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia is Bochdalek hernia, which occurs in the posterolateral diaphragm, with the left side being the most commonly affected. However, congenital diaphragmatic hernias are extremely rare in adults and are often misdiagnosed due to their subtle symptoms. Therefore, we suggest that a contrast-enhanced CT scan should be used for early screening and diagnosis in all patients with sudden severe pain or recurrent ambiguous symptoms in the chest and abdomen...
March 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532996/prognostic-insights-and-immune-microenvironment-delineation-in-acute-myeloid-leukemia-by-ferroptosis-derived-signature
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lijun Jing, Biyu Zhang, Jinghui Sun, Jueping Feng, Denggang Fu
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents as a prevalent and formidable hematological malignancy, characterized by notably low 5-year survival rates. Ferroptosis has been found to be correlated with cancer initiation, therapeutic response, and clinical outcome. Nevertheless, the involvement of Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in AML remains ambiguous. Five independent AML cohorts totaling 1,470 (GSE37642, GSE12417, GSE10358, Beat-AML, and TCGA-AML) patients with clinical information were used to systematically investigated the influence of these FRGs expression on outcome and tumor microenvironment...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532335/abnormal-ambiguous-facial-expression-recognition-in-chinese-patients-with-schizophrenia
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoli Lyu, Yuyan Chi, Zhenyu Wang, Xinyan Shao, Guangya Zhang, Chuanwei Li, Chenglong Dong, Xuqin Wang, Xin Li, Chuanlin Zhu, Xiaofeng Xu, Xiangdong Du
BACKGROUND: Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) exhibit difficulties deficits in recognizing facial expressions with unambiguous valence. However, only a limited number of studies have examined how these patients fare in interpreting facial expressions with ambiguous valence (for example, surprise). Thus, we aimed to explore the influence of emotional background information on the recognition of ambiguous facial expressions in SCZ. METHODS: A 3 (emotion: negative, neutral, and positive) × 2 (group: healthy controls and SCZ) experimental design was adopted in the present study...
March 26, 2024: BMC Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531933/a-super-sdm-species-distribution-model-in-the-cloud-for-better-habitat-association-inference-with-a-big-data-application-of-the-great-gray-owl-for-alaska
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Falk Huettmann, Phillip Andrews, Moriz Steiner, Arghya Kusum Das, Jacques Philip, Chunrong Mi, Nathaniel Bryans, Bryan Barker
The currently available distribution and range maps for the Great Grey Owl (GGOW; Strix nebulosa) are ambiguous, contradictory, imprecise, outdated, often hand-drawn and thus not quantified, not based on data or scientific. In this study, we present a proof of concept with a biological application for technical and biological workflow progress on latest global open access 'Big Data' sharing, Open-source methods of R and geographic information systems (OGIS and QGIS) assessed with six recent multi-evidence citizen-science sightings of the GGOW...
March 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530981/site-recognition-induced-structural-and-photoluminescent-evolution-of-the-gold-pincer-nanocluster
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Zhang, Wei Zhang, Tai-Song Zhang, Chao Ge, Yang Tao, Wenwen Fei, Weigang Fan, Meng Zhou, Man-Bo Li
The induced structural transformation provides an efficient way to precisely modulate the fine structures and the corresponding performance of gold nanoclusters, thus constituting one of the important research topics in cluster chemistry. However, the driving forces and mechanisms of these processes are still ambiguous in many cases, limiting further applications. In this work, based on the unique coordination mode of the pincer ligand-stabilized gold nanocluster Au8 (PNP)4 , we revealed the site-recognition mechanism for induced transformations of gold nanoclusters...
March 26, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530882/when-advisors-do-not-know-what-is-best-for-advisees-uncertainty-inhibits-advice-giving
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruida Zhu, Honghong Tang, Jinghua Xue, Yuanping Li, Zilu Liang, Simeng Wu, Song Su, Chao Liu
While seeking advice can be beneficial for advisees, advisors may not always possess the necessary knowledge to provide appropriate guidance. Poor-quality advice can mislead advisees rather than offering assistance. Despite the research interest in advisees, few studies have investigated advisors' psychological and behavioral responses, especially when they faced uncertainty regarding the optimal course of action for advisees. To fill this gap, we developed novel paradigms aiming at manipulating advisors' uncertainty, allowing for a systematic investigation of advisors' behavior, motivation, and emotion...
March 26, 2024: PsyCh Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530730/towards-accurate-human-parsing-through-edge-guided-diffusion
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ting Liu, Hongkun Zhu, Yunchao Wei, Shikui Wei, Yao Zhao, Yanning Zhang
Existing human parsing frameworks commonly employ joint learning of semantic edge detection and human parsing to facilitate the localization around boundary regions. Nevertheless, the parsing prediction within the interior of the part contour may still exhibit inconsistencies due to the inherent ambiguity of fine-grained semantics. In contrast, binary edge detection does not suffer from such fine-grained semantic ambiguity, leading to a typical failure case where misclassification occurs inner the part contour while the semantic edge is accurately detected...
March 26, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing: a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530219/the-challenges-for-implementing-good-clinical-practices-in-the-bioanalytical-laboratory-a-discussion-paper-from-the-european-bioanalysis-forum
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip Timmerman, Tsvetelina Ivanova, Cecilia Arfvidsson, Matthew Barfield, Floris Bove, Lea Dalby Brown, Jo Goodman, Stuart McDougall, Lee Monk, Steve White
This manuscript reports back from the discussion in the European Bioanalysis Forum community on the challenges observed when implementing Good Clinical Practices in the bioanalytical laboratory. It is not intended to challenge any regulatory requirements but to open a discussion on where the bioanalytical community sees ambiguities on implementing Good Clinical Practices or areas where expectations are either felt not being owned by Bioanalysis or where Good Clinical Practices requirements are at risk of getting contaminated with requirements originating from Good Laboratory Practices...
March 26, 2024: Bioanalysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529502/geny-a-genotyping-tool-for-allelic-decomposition-of-killer-cell-immunoglobulin-like-receptor-genes
#12
Qinghui Zhou, Mazyar Ghezelji, Ananth Hari, Michael K B Ford, Connor Holley, Lisa Mirabello, Stephen Chanock, S Cenk Sahinalp, Ibrahim Numanagić
Accurate genotyping of Killer cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) genes plays a pivotal role in enhancing our understanding of innate immune responses, disease correlations, and the advancement of personalized medicine. However, due to the high variability of the KIR region and high level of sequence similarity among different KIR genes, the currently available genotyping methods are unable to accurately infer copy numbers, genotypes and haplotypes of individual KIR genes from next-generation sequencing data...
March 3, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528793/acute-stress-does-not-modulate-selective-attention-in-a-composite-letter-task
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tobias Rüttgens, Boris Suchan, Oliver T Wolf, Christian J Merz
Acute stress has been demonstrated to affect a diverse array of attentional processes, one of which is selective attention. Selective attention refers to the cognitive process of deliberately allocating attentional resources to a specific stimulus, while ignoring other, distracting stimuli. While catecholamines have been shown to narrow attention, investigations on the influence of the stress hormone cortisol have yielded ambiguous results. We conducted two separate studies utilizing different laboratory stress induction paradigms to examine if cortisol influences the ability to selectively attend to local or global elements of a visual stimulus...
January 2024: Stress: the International Journal on the Biology of Stress
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526900/evhandpose-event-based-3d-hand-pose-estimation-with-sparse-supervision
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianping Jiang, Jiahe Li, Baowen Zhang, Xiaoming Deng, Boxin Shi
Event camera shows great potential in 3D hand pose estimation, especially addressing the challenges of fast motion and high dynamic range in a low-power way. However, due to the asynchronous differential imaging mechanism, it is challenging to design event representation to encode hand motion information especially when the hands are not moving (causing motion ambiguity), and it is infeasible to fully annotate the temporally dense event stream. In this paper, we propose EvHandPose with novel hand flow representations in Event-to-Pose module for accurate hand pose estimation and alleviating the motion ambiguity issue...
March 25, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526651/ginsenoside-rg5-as-an-anticancer-drug-a-comprehensive-review-on-mechanisms-structure-activity-relationship-and-prospects-for-clinical-advancement
#15
REVIEW
Tilal Elsaman, Ali Mahmoud Muddathir, Ebtihal A M Mohieldin, Irmanida Batubara, Min Rahminiwati, Kosei Yamauchi, Magdi Awadalla Mohamed, Shadila Fira Asoka, Dietrich Büsselberg, Solomon Habtemariam, Javad Sharifi-Rad
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in the world. Despite the considerable success of conventional treatment strategies, the incidence and mortality rates are still high, making developing new effective anticancer therapies an urgent priority. Ginsenoside Rg5 (Rg5) is a minor ginsenoside constituent obtained exclusively from ginseng species and is known for its broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. This article aimed to comprehensively review the anticancer properties of Rg5, focusing on action mechanisms, structure-activity relationship (SAR), and pharmacokinetics attributes...
March 25, 2024: Pharmacological Reports: PR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524693/a-data-mining-study-for-analysis-of-acupoint-selection-and-combinations-in-acupuncture-treatment-of-carpal-tunnel-syndrome
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yujun He, Furui Miao, Cai He, Yushan Fan, Fangzhi Zhang, Pu Yang, Miaodong Wang, Jiujie He
BACKGROUND: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent upper limb compressive neuropathy. A considerable number of clinical trials and meta-analyses have provided evidence supporting the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating CTS. Nevertheless, the ideal choice of acupoints remains ambiguous. OBJECTIVE: A data mining analysis was conducted with the objective of determining the most effective acupoint combinations and selection for CTS. METHODS: A search was conducted across seven Chinese and English electronic bibliographic databases spanning from their inception to March 2023...
2024: Journal of Pain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524296/l2-arabic-learners-processing-of-arabic-garden-path-sentences-a-consistent-reading-pattern
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdullah M Seraye Alseraye
PURPOSE: The main purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent the L2 Arabic learners' reading process is affected by the incomplete representation of speech (the absence of short vowels and diacritics) while reading ambiguous sentences (garden path sentences). METHOD: With a self-paced reading software program, 41 non-native male students, aged from 22 to 26, enrolled in King Saud University, participated in reading 44 sentences (followed by reading comprehension questions) representing three reading conditions, plain, vowelized-discretized, and wrongly-vowelized...
2024: Frontiers in Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522944/carotidynia-overview-of-an-uncommon-identification-for-unilateral-neck-pain
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Buse Cagla Ari, Baran Baydar, Mehmet Elgezen
BACKGROUND: Carotidynia, also known as Fay Syndrome, manifests as an atypical facial neuralgia characterized by an unusual neck pain extending towards the head and associated with carotid artery tenderness. Diagnostic criteria include neck tenderness, elevated carotid pulse without anatomical abnormalities, and neck distension. It was initially classified as a vascular headache but later re-evaluated and reclassified as a nonentity-a general condition caused by nonvascular factors. The etiology has not been extensively elucidated...
March 24, 2024: Neuroradiology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522522/quality-assurance-of-late-gadolinium-enhancement-cardiac-mri-images-a-deep-learning-classifier-for-confidence-in-the-presence-or-absence-of-abnormality-with-potential-to-prompt-real-time-image-optimisation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sameer Zaman, Kavitha Vimalesvaran, Digby Chappell, Marta Varela, Nicholas S Peters, Hunain Shiwani, Kristopher D Knott, Rhodri H Davies, James C Moon, Anil A Bharath, Nick Wf Linton, Darrel P Francis, Graham D Cole, James P Howard
BACKGROUND: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) of the myocardium has significant diagnostic and prognostic implications, with even small areas of enhancement being important. Distinguishing between definitely normal and definitely abnormal LGE images is usually straightforward; but diagnostic uncertainty arises when reporters are not sure whether the observed LGE is genuine or not. This uncertainty might be resolved by repetition (to remove artefact) or further acquisition of intersecting images, but this must take place before the scan finishes...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522359/evaluation-of-the-follicular-patterned-thyroid-lesions-based-on-the-who-2022-criteria-with-an-emphasis-on-the-grey-zone-lesions
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sunayana Misra, Shashi Dhawan, Sonia Badwal, Arupparna Sengupta, Aanchal Khosla, Sangeet Kumar Agarwal, Seema Rao
Follicular-patterned thyroid nodules (FPTN) are classified byWHO-2022 into benign, borderline and malignant categories. There are however, grey-zone lesions that pose a diagnostic challenge due to ambiguity in defining criteria and inter-observer variability. WHO-2022 has enumerated specific diagnostic criteria for these lesions. Accurate categorization of morphologically similar TNs is vital to reduce overtreatment of indolent lesions. In this study, we have reclassified FPTNs according to WHO-2022 criteria, emphasizing on grey-zone lesions...
February 14, 2024: Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
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