#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leila Azari, Homa Hemati, Ronia Tavasolian, Sareh Shahdab, Stephanie M Tomlinson, Margarita Bobonis Babilonia, Jeffrey Huang, Danielle B Tometich, Kea Turner, Heather S L Jim, Amir Alishahi Tabriz
BACKGROUND: Management of depression in the oncology population includes supportive psychotherapeutic interventions with or without psychotropic medication, which take time to demonstrate effectiveness. Fast-acting interventions, like ketamine, can provide a rapid antidepressant effect; however, there has been limited research on effects of ketamine among cancer patients. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of research on the efficacy and safety of ketamine on depression in patients with cancer...
2024: International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology: IJCHP
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trevor Sharp, Helen Collins
SSRIs are one of the most widely used drug therapies in primary care and psychiatry, and central to the management of the most common mental health problems in today's society. Despite this, SSRIs suffer from a slow onset of therapeutic effect and relatively poor efficacy as well as adverse effects, with recent concerns being focused on a disabling SSRI discontinuation syndrome. The mechanism underpinning their therapeutic effect has long shifted away from thinking that SSRIs act simply by increasing 5-HT in the synapse...
November 14, 2023: Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marek Nikolič, Vojtěch Viktorin, Peter Zach, Filip Tylš, Daniela Dudysová, Karolína Janků, Jana Kopřivová, Martin Kuchař, Martin Brunovský, Jiří Horáček, Tomáš Páleníček
Psilocybin is investigated as a fast-acting antidepressant used in conjunction with psychotherapy. Intact cognitive functions, including memory, are one of the basic conditions of effective psychedelic-assisted therapy. While cognitive and memory processing is attenuated on various domains during psilocybin intoxication, the effect of psilocybin on the consolidation of memories learned outside of acute intoxication is not known. Thus the main aim of the current study was to test the effects of psilocybin on (A) memory consolidation of previously learned material just after the psilocybin session and (B) on overnight memory consolidation the night just after the psilocybin session...
June 17, 2023: European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
#4
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Joakim Ekstrand, Christian Fattah, Marcus Persson, Tony Cheng, Pia Nordanskog, Jonas Åkeson, Anders Tingström, Mats B Lindström, Axel Nordenskjöld, Pouya Movahed Rad
BACKGROUND: Ketamine has emerged as a fast-acting and powerful antidepressant, but no head to head trial has been performed, Here, ketamine is compared with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), the most effective therapy for depression. METHODS: Hospitalized patients with unipolar depression were randomized (1:1) to thrice-weekly racemic ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) infusions or ECT in a parallel, open-label, non-inferiority study. The primary outcome was remission (Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score ≤10)...
May 27, 2022: International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Perez-Caballero, M L Soto-Montenegro, M Desco, J A Mico, E Berrocoso
Escitalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) antidepressant, drug that is currently used as first-line agents for the treatment of depression and it is also used in the treatment of other psychiatric disorders. The main goal of this study was to identify which brain areas are affected by escitalopram administration. This study was carried out on male Wistar rats that received escitalopram daily over 14 days and that were studied by 2-deoxy-2[18 F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18 F]FDG)-PET on the last day of treatment...
October 2021: European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
#6
REVIEW
Ezio Carboni, Anna R Carta, Elena Carboni, Antonello Novelli
Repurposing ketamine in the therapy of depression could well represent a breakthrough in understanding the etiology of depression. Ketamine was originally used as an anesthetic drug and later its use was extended to other therapeutic applications such as analgesia and the treatment of addiction. At the same time, the abuse of ketamine as a recreational drug has generated a concern for its psychotropic and potential long-term effects; nevertheless, its use as a fast acting antidepressant in treatment-resistant patients has boosted the interest in the mechanism of action both in psychiatry and in the wider area of neuroscience...
2021: Frontiers in Neuroscience
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eva Florensa-Zanuy, Emilio Garro-Martínez, Albert Adell, Elena Castro, Álvaro Díaz, Ángel Pazos, Karina S Mac-Dowell, David Martín-Hernández, Fuencisla Pilar-Cuéllar
Major Depression is a severe psychiatric condition with a still poorly understood etiology. In the last years, evidence supporting the neuroinflammatory hypothesis of depression has increased. In the current clinical scenario, in which the available treatments for depression is far from optimal, there is an urgent need to develop fast-acting drugs with fewer side effects. In this regard, recent pieces of evidence suggest that cannabidiol (CBD), the major non-psychotropic component of Cannabis sativa with anti-inflammatory properties, appears as a drug with antidepressant properties...
March 2021: Biochemical Pharmacology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pramod Theetha Kariyanna, Apoorva Jayarangaiah, Oleg Yurevich, Jonathan Francois, Denis Yusupov, Angelina Zhyvotovska, Louis Salciccioli, Sudhanva Hegde, Samy I McFarlane
Marijuana is the most commonly abused recreational substance. With the increasing legalization of marijuana, its use is expected to rise. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the psychotropic component of marijuana, acting via CB1 and CB2 G-protein coupled cannabinoid receptors. Marijuana has serious cardiovascular effects including tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, angina and myocardial infarction to name a few. Previous reports by our group and others documented various arrhythmias other than atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) that are associated with marijuana use...
2019: American Journal of Medical Case Reports
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael S Malamas, Jimit Girish Raghav, Xiaoyu Ma, Chandrashekhar Honrao, JodiAnne T Wood, Othman Benchama, Han Zhou, Srikrishnan Mallipeddi, Alexandros Makriyannis
New oximes short-acting CB1 agonists were explored by the introduction of an internal oxime and polar groups at the C3 alkyl tail of Δ8 -THC. The scope of the research was to drastically alter two important physicochemical properties hydrophobicity (log P) and topological surface area (tPSA) of the compound, which play a critical role in tissue distribution and sequestration (depot effect). Key synthesized analogs demonstrated sub-nanomolar affinity for CB1, marked reduction in hydrophobicity (ClogP∼2.5-3...
October 1, 2018: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
#10
Afaque H Khan, Samina Zaidi
We report five cases of treatment-resistant schizophrenia that presented with prominent negative and positive symptoms. They fulfill the criteria of diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5). They showed lack of response despite receiving multiple trials of first and second generation psychotropic agents. We decided to give these patients a trial of clozapine to improve their negative and positive symptoms as well as their quality of life...
December 20, 2017: Curēus
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joanna Ficek, Magdalena Zygmunt, Marcin Piechota, Dzesika Hoinkis, Jan Rodriguez Parkitna, Ryszard Przewlocki, Michal Korostynski
BACKGROUND: The NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine was found to act as a fast-acting antidepressant. The effects of single treatment were reported to persist for days to weeks, even in otherwise treatment-refractory cases. Identification of the mechanisms underlying ketamine's antidepressant action may permit development of novel drugs, with similar clinical properties but lacking psychotomimetic, sedative and other side effects. METHODS: We applied whole-genome microarray profiling to analyze detailed time-course (1, 2, 4 and 8 h) of transcriptome alterations in the striatum and hippocampus following acute administration of ketamine, memantine and phencyclidine in C57BL/6 J mice...
May 17, 2016: BMC Genomics
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T P Jürgens
Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TAC) are characterized by severe and strictly unilateral headaches with a frontotemporal and periorbital preponderance in combination with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms, such as lacrimation, conjunctival injection, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and restlessness or agitation. One main differentiating factor is the duration of painful attacks. While attacks typically last 5 s to 10 min in SUNCT syndrome (short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing), paroxysmal hemicrania lasts 2-30 min and cluster headaches 15-180 min...
August 2014: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Garron T Dodd, Giacomo Mancini, Beat Lutz, Simon M Luckman
Hemopressin is a short, nine amino acid peptide (H-Pro-Val-Asn-Phe-Lys-Leu-Leu-Ser-His-OH) isolated from rat brain that behaves as an inverse agonist at the cannabinoid receptor CB(1), and is shown here to inhibit agonist-induced receptor internalization in a heterologous cell model. Since this peptide occurs naturally in the rodent brain, we determined its effect on appetite, an established central target of cannabinoid signaling. Hemopressin dose-dependently decreases night-time food intake in normal male rats and mice, as well as in obese ob/ob male mice, when administered centrally or systemically, without causing any obvious adverse side effects...
May 26, 2010: Journal of Neuroscience
#14
REVIEW
Samuel Keith
BACKGROUND: Successful pharmacotherapy is dependent on several factors. While efficacy is obviously important, other factors that are often overlooked include the availability of optimal dosage forms, treatment compliance and reduction in side effects. A number of innovative delivery systems have been developed to address suboptimal therapy outcomes by enhancing drug delivery, assuring efficacy of treatment, reducing side effects, and improving compliance. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review is to discuss the advances in formulations for various psychotropic agents that have been developed for the treatment of psychiatric illnesses such as depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders...
August 30, 2006: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
#15
REVIEW
Dennis Flanagan
Triazolam can be helpful for sedating dental implant patients when administered orally or sublingually in low dosages of 0.125 or 0.25 mg, but not exceeding 0.5 mg. It is a fast- but short-acting benzodiazepine with few side effects, and it has a long record of successful use. Its effects can be reversed with incremental intravenous flumazenil, although there is a risk of seizure. Triazolam has not been shown to be carcinogenic, and it has a low potential for abuse and addiction. It is contraindicated in patients who are pregnant, breast-feeding, and those concomitantly taking ethanol, macrolid antibiotics, some protease inhibitors, psychotropic medications, ketoconazole, itraconazole, nefaxodone, or other medications that impair oxidative metabolism mediated by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP 3A)...
2004: Journal of Oral Implantology
#16
REVIEW
Meera Vaswani, Farzana Kadar Linda, Subramanyam Ramesh
The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have emerged as a major therapeutic advance in psychopharmacology. As a result, the discovery of these agents marks a milestone in neuropsychopharmacology and rational drug design, and has launched a new era in psychotropic drug development. Prior to the SSRIs, all psychotropic medications were the result of chance observation. In an attempt to develop a SSRI, researchers discovered a number of nontricyclic agents with amine-uptake inhibitory properties, acting on both noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons with considerable differences in potency...
February 2003: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Storvik, A M Lindén, O Kontkanen, M Lakso, E Castrén, G Wong
The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptor mediates fast excitatory neurotransmission, and agents that attenuate this function are neuroprotective, anesthetic, and psychotropic. To determine whether cAMP regulatable transcription factors play a role in the neurochemical actions of agents acting through NMDA receptors, the effects of the acute administration of uncompetitive and competitive antagonists on the expression of cAMP response element modulator (CREM) and inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) transcription factors were examined...
July 2000: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
#18
REVIEW
R S Duman, G R Heninger, E J Nestler
Advances in molecular biology and neuroscience are leading to new opportunities for elucidation of the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and the long-term actions of psychotropic drugs. The actions of first messengers, including neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and neurotrophins, on neuronal function can now be viewed in terms of their regulation of complex intracellular signal transduction pathways. These pathways mediate most actions of first messengers, including fast mediatory (e.g., cell firing), short-term modulatory (e...
December 1994: Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
#19
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
B Saletu, J Grünberger, L Linzmayer, K Taeuber
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nomifensine infusions as compared with oral preparations were investigated in a double-blind place-controlled crossover study in 10 healthy normal volunteers. They received randomized in weekly intervals 75 mg nomifensine and placebo intravenously as well as placebo, 75 and 150 mg nomifensine orally. Blood samples, quantitative EEG evaluations, psychometric tests, blood pressure, pulse rate and side effects were obtained and monitored at the hours 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8...
1982: International Pharmacopsychiatry
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Pepper, H Ryglewicz
We are fast approaching a centennial of New York State's institutional system, the anniversary of the State Care Act of 1980. This can be evaluated against another important anniversary; the quarter century mark of the current convulsion/revolution of the mental hygiene care system of the entire United States, commonly referred to as deinstitutionalization. The state institutions, which for the past century were built up and maintained as the major locus of care for the chronically mentally ill, no longer occupy that central place in many localities...
October 1985: Psychiatric Quarterly
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