keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533311/virological-non-suppression-non-adherence-and-the-associated-factors-among-people-living-with-hiv-on-dolutegravir-based-regimens-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florence Kabiibi, Robert Tamukong, Winnie Muyindike, Tadele Mekuriya Yadesa
BACKGROUND: HIV is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, with 39.0 million people living with HIV worldwide, 25.6 million of whom reside in the African region. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has improved survival and quality of life, yet some patients develop viral non-suppression. Dolutegravir (DTG) has been recommended since 2018 as a first-line treatment option in low- and middle-income countries owing to its effectiveness, low cost, and tolerability, but some studies have reported virological non-suppression with its use...
2024: HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533258/antiretroviral-drugs-from-multiple-classes-induce-loss-of-excitatory-synapses-between-hippocampal-neurons-in-culture
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah M McMullan, Benjamin M Gansemer, Stanley A Thayer
Introduction: Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs have improved prognoses for people living with HIV. However, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist despite undetectable viral loads. Some ARVs have been linked to neuropsychiatric effects that may contribute to HAND. Synapse loss correlates with cognitive decline in HAND and synaptic deficits may contribute to the neuropsychiatric effects of ARV drugs. Methods: Using an automated high content assay, rat hippocampal neurons in culture expressing PSD95-eGFP to label glutamatergic synapses and mCherry to fill neuronal structures were imaged before and after treatment with 25 clinically used ARVs...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532657/treatment-of-plaque-psoriasis-in-hiv-positive-patients
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vita Jugovac, Marija Gulin, Dora Barić, Daniela Ledić Drvar, Romana Čeović
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can often accompany human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics. Development of psoriasis in HIV patients is correlated with a decrease in CD4+ count. Significant variability in the clinical presentation of psoriasis makes it a challenging disease to diagnose. Furthermore, associated immunodeficiency complicates standard treatment with immunosuppressive and biological therapy. Articles that match the terms psoriasis and HIV were searched in MEDLINE and Embase and selected based on their relevance...
March 2024: Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina, Panonica, et Adriatica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528584/potential-use-of-proprotein-convertase-subtilisin-kexin-type-9-pcsk9-inhibition-and-prevention-method-in-viral-infection
#4
REVIEW
Khursheed Muzammil, Mohammad Hosseini Hooshiar, Shirin Varmazyar, Thabit Moath Omar, Manal Morad Karim, Sadeq Aadi, Shaylan Kalavi, Saman Yasamineh
Cellular lipid membranes serve as the primary barrier preventing viral infection of the host cell and provide viruses with a critical initial point of contact. Occasionally, viruses can utilize lipids as viral receptors. Viruses depend significantly on lipid rafts for infection at virtually every stage of their life cycle. The pivotal role that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) plays in cholesterol homeostasis and atherosclerosis, primarily by post-transcriptionally regulating hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and promoting its lysosomal degradation, has garnered increasing interest...
March 25, 2024: Microbial Cell Factories
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524323/haart-ocular-opportunistic-infections-ocular-malignancies-and-uveitis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip, Viroj Wiwanitkit
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2024: Oman Journal of Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518655/predictors-of-liver-disease-progression-in-people-living-with-hiv-hbv-co-infection-on-antiretroviral-therapy
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kasha P Singh, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Jennifer M Zerbato, Wei Zhao, Sabine Braat, Surekha Tennakoon, Ajantha Rhodes, Gail V Matthews, Christopher K Fairley, Joe Sasadeusz, Megan Crane, Jennifer Audsley, Sharon R Lewin
BACKGROUND: In people living with HIV-HBV, liver fibrosis progression can occur even with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). We investigated the relationship between liver fibrosis and biomarkers of inflammation, apoptosis, and microbial translocation. METHODS: In this observational cohort study adults living with HIV-HBV already on effective ART were recruited in Australia and Thailand and followed for 3 years including 6 monthly clinical review and blood tests and annual transient elastography...
March 21, 2024: EBioMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504229/diabetes-mellitus-and-associated-risk-factors-among-hiv-infected-patients-on-haart
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucy Kanyara, Rency Lel, Sheila Kageha, Joyceline Kinyua, Sophie Matu, Asiko Ongaya, Mary Matilu, Paul Mwangi, Vincent Okoth, Joseph Mwangi, Dama Olungae
Understanding the impact of disease associations is becoming a priority in Kenya and other countries bearing the load of infectious diseases. With the increased incidences of non-communicable diseases and the endemicity of infectious diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa, their co-existence poses significant challenges to patients, health workers and an overwhelmed health sector. Classical risk factors for diabetes such as physical inactivity and unhealthy diet may not solely explain the current trends, suggesting the role of novel risk factors including infections/inflammation...
March 19, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492196/incidence-and-risk-factors-for-hiv-tuberculosis-coinfection-in-the-cologne-bonn-region-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabelle Suárez, Dominic Rauschning, Cora Schüller, Anna Hagemeier, Melanie Stecher, Clara Lehmann, Philipp Schommers, Stefan Schlabe, Jörg-Janne Vehreschild, Carolin Koll, Carolynne Schwarze-Zander, Jan-Christian Wasmuth, Angela Klingmüller, Jürgen Kurt Rockstroh, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Christoph Boesecke, Jan Rybniker
PURPOSE: The risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) is considerably increased in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). However, incidence of HIV/TB coinfection is difficult to assess as surveillance data are lacking in many countries. Here, we aimed to perform a quantitative analysis of HIV/TB coinfections within the Cologne/Bonn HIV cohort and to determine risk factors for active TB. METHODS: We systematically evaluated data of patients with HIV/TB coinfection between 2006 and 2017...
March 16, 2024: Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488698/emotion-regulation-as-a-potential-moderator-of-the-association-between-hiv-stigma-and-nonadherence-to-antiretroviral-therapy-among-youth-living-with-hiv
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Mark Wiginton, K Rivet Amico, Lisa Hightow-Weidman, Patrick Sullivan, Keith J Horvath
INTRODUCTION: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related stigma affects adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for youth living with HIV. Emotion regulation strategies such as cognitive reappraisal (reinterpreting adversity to mitigate emotional impact) and expressive suppression (inhibiting emotion-expressive behavior activated by adversity) may moderate the HIV stigma-ART adherence relationship in this group. METHODS: Using baseline data from 208 youth living with HIV aged 15-24 years enrolled in an mHealth ART-adherence intervention, we performed modified Poisson regressions with robust variance between HIV stigma (internalized, anticipated, enacted) and ART nonadherence...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Adolescence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481376/incident-hiv-associated-wasting-low-weight-is-associated-with-nearly-doubled-mortality-risk-in-the-modern-art-era
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael B Wohlfeiler, Rachel Palmieri Weber, Laurence Brunet, Javeed Siddiqui, Michael Harbour, Amy L Phillips, Brooke Hayward, Jennifer S Fusco, Ricky Hsu, Gregory P Fusco
HIV-associated wasting (HIVAW) is an under-appreciated AIDS-defining illness, despite highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). We (a) assessed the association between incident HIVAW/low weight and all-cause mortality and (b) described virologic outcomes after people with HIV (PWH) experienced HIVAW/low weight while on ART. In the Observational Pharmaco-Epidemiology Research & Analysis (OPERA® ) cohort, PWH without prior HIVAW/low weight who were active in care in 2016-2020 were followed through death, loss to follow-up, or study end (31OCT2021)...
March 14, 2024: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476564/tonsillar-kaposi-s-sarcoma-in-hiv-positive-patient-with-syphilis-infection
#11
Francesco Lorusso, Salvatore Alberto Di Vincenzo, Valerio Campofiorito, Federico Sireci, Angelo Immordino, Francesco Dispenza
INTRODUCTION: Since the introduction of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART), there has been a significant increase in the survival of HIV-infected patients. Consequently, there has been increased attention on the potential neoplastic pathologies, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, associated with AIDS in these individuals. CASE REPORT: In this case report we present, for the first time, a patient affected by Kaposi's sarcoma of the palatine tonsil with a concomitant syphilis infection...
March 2024: Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456033/seroprevalence-of-chlamydia-trachomatis-and-associated-risk-factors-among-hiv-positive-women-in-north-central-nigeria
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pius Omoruyi Omosigho, Tope Elizabeth Ajide, Osazee Ekundayo Izevbuwa, Olalekan John Okesanya, Janet Mosunmola Oladejo, Paulinus Osarodion Uyigue
INTRODUCTION: Chlamydia trachomatis infection is among the STDs that are known to increase the risk of HIV infection. The present study aims to determine the seroprevalence of C. trachomatis among HIV positive women in Ilorin and Offa, Kwara State, North Central Nigeria. METHODS: Serum samples from 400 HIV positive women attending the HAART Clinic in Offa and the Ilorin General Hospital in Kwara State, Nigeria, were screened using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), utilizing the immunocomb Chlamydia IgG test kit (Calbiotech, El Cajon, CA, USA) to check for the existence of anti- C...
2024: Le Infezioni in Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450750/increased-platelet-cd8-t-cell-aggregates-displaying-high-activation-exhaustion-and-tendency-to-death-correlate-with-disease-progression-in-people-with-hiv-1
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fengying Wu, Yuanchun Li, Nan Jiang, Xu Jiang, Xiaoqing Liu, Xiaopeng Dai, Fusheng Wang
Platelets engaged in HIV-1 infection by interacting with immune cells, which has been realized broadly. However, the potential interaction between platelets and CD8⁺ T cells remains unidentified. Here, treatment-naïve individuals with HIV-1 (TNs), complete immunological responders to antiretroviral therapy (CRs), and healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Firstly, we found that TNs had low platelet numbers and high CD8⁺ T cell counts when compared with CRs and HCs, leading to low platelet/CD8⁺ T cell ratio in peripheral blood which could effectively differentiate the status of HIV-1 infection...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446777/survival-trends-among-people-living-with-human-immunodeficiency-virus-on-antiretroviral-treatment-in-two-rural-districts-in-ghana
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eugene Sackeya, Martin Muonibe Beru, Richard Nomo Angmortey, Douglas Aninng Opoku, Kingsley Boakye, Musah Baatira, Mohammed Sheriff Yakubu, Aliyu Mohammed, Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng, Daniel Boateng, Emmanuel Kweku Nakua, Anthony Kweku Edusei
BACKGROUND: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has caused a lot of havoc since the early 1970s, affecting 37.6 million people worldwide. The 90-90-90 treatment policy was adopted in Ghana in 2015 with the overall aim to end new infections by 2030, and to improve the life expectancy of HIV seropositive individuals. With the scale-up of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, the lifespan of People Living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretrovirals (ARVs) is expected to improve. In rural districts in Ghana, little is known about the survival probabilities of PLWH on ARVs...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435053/mechanism-of-drug-resistance-in-hiv-1-protease-subtype-c-in-the-presence-of-atazanavir
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S V Sankaran, Sowmya R Krishnan, Yasien Sayed, M Michael Gromiha
AIDS is one of the deadliest diseases in the history of humankind caused by HIV. Despite the technological development, curtailing the viral infection inside human host still remains a challenge. Therapies such as HAART uses a combination of drugs to inhibit the viral activity. One of the important targets includes HIV protease and inhibiting its activity will minimize the production of mature structural proteins. However, the genetic diversity and the occurrence of drug resistant mutations adds complexity to effective drug design...
2024: Current research in structural biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38434025/hiv-1-proviral-dna-in-purified-peripheral-blood-cd34-stem-and-progenitor-cells-in-individuals-with-long-term-haart-paving-the-way-to-hiv-gene-therapy
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boonrat Tassaneetrithep, Angsana Phuphuakrat, Ekawat Pasomsub, Kanit Bhukhai, Wasinee Wongkummool, Thongkoon Priengprom, Wannisa Khamaikawin, Sujittra Chaisavaneeyakorn, Usanarat Anurathapan, Nopporn Apiwattanakul, Suradej Hongeng
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection is an important public health problem worldwide. After primary HIV-1 infection, transcribed HIV-1 DNA is integrated into the host genome, serving as a reservoir of the virus and hindering a definite cure. Although highly active antiretroviral therapy suppresses active viral replication, resulting in undetectable levels of HIV RNA in the blood, a viral rebound can be detected after a few weeks of treatment interruption. This supports the concept that there is a stable HIV-1 reservoir in people living with HIV-1...
February 29, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416754/dietary-regimens-appear-to-possess-significant-effects-on-the-development-of-combined-antiretroviral-therapy-cart-associated-metabolic-syndrome
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boniface M Chege, Peter W Mwangi, Charles G Githinji, Frederick Bukachi
INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the interactions between a low protein high calorie (LPHC) diet and an integrase inhibitor-containing antiretroviral drug regimen (INI-CR)in light of evidence suggesting that the initiation of cART in patients with poor nutritional status is a predictor of mortality independent of immune status. METHODS: Freshly weaned Sprague Dawley rats (120) were randomized into the standard, LPHC and normal protein high calorie (NPHC) diet groups (n = 40/group) initially for 15 weeks...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416180/fighting-nature-with-nature-antiviral-compounds-that-target-retroviruses
#18
REVIEW
Zhen Yun Siew, Elishea Asudas, Chia Ting Khoo, Gang Hyeon Cho, Kenny Voon, Chee-Mun Fang
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a type of lentivirus that targets the human immune system and leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at a later stage. Up to 2021, there are millions still living with HIV and many have lost their lives. To date, many anti-HIV compounds have been discovered in living organisms, especially plants and marine sponges. However, no treatment can offer a complete cure, but only suppressing it with a life-long medication, known as combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) which are often associated with various adverse effects...
February 28, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412062/assessment-of-right-ventricular-systolic-function-using-tricuspid-annular-plane-systolic-excursion-tapse-among-hiv-patients-on-haart-and-its-relationship-with-viral-load-and-cd4-cell-count
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M M Baba, F Buba, M A Talle, M A Garbati, Habu Abdul
BACKGROUND: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has decreased the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection; however, this survival advantage is not free from complications. HIV patients are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease compared with the general population, and right ventricular systolic dysfunction is said to be associated with worse outcomes. We, therefore, sought to assess right ventricular systolic function using tricuspid annular plain systolic excursion (TAPSE) among HIV patients on HAART and its relationship with viral load and CD4 cell count...
January 31, 2024: West African Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403593/epigenetic-aging-in-older-people-living-with-hiv-in-eswatini-a-pilot-study-of-hiv-and-lifestyle-factors-and-epigenetic-aging
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian K Dye, Haotian Wu, Gabriela L Jackson, Altaye Kidane, Rejoice Nkambule, Nomthandazo G Lukhele, Bongiwe Prudence Malinga, Rhinos Chekenyere, Wafaa M El-Sadr, Andrea A Baccarelli, Tiffany G Harris
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV (PLHIV) on effective antiretroviral therapy are living near-normal lives. Although they are less susceptible to AIDS-related complications, they remain highly vulnerable to non-communicable diseases. In this exploratory study of older PLHIV (OPLHIV) in Eswatini, we investigated whether epigenetic aging (i.e., the residual between regressing epigenetic age on chronological age) was associated with HIV-related parameters, and whether lifestyle factors modified these relationships...
February 26, 2024: Clinical Epigenetics
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