CCL22

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a progressive disorder leading to the development of microangiopathies and macroangiopathies. Numerous cytokines and chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of T1D complications. The study aimed to assess the presence of complications in patients with long-standing T1D and its relationship with serum biomarker concentrations. We examined 52 T1D subjects, with a disease duration ≥4 years and 39 healthy controls. The group of T1D patients was further divided into subgroups based on the duration of the disease (<7 years and ≥7 years) and the metabolic control assessed by the HbAlc level (<8% and ≥8%)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Lung macrophages (LMs) are critically involved in respiratory diseases. The primary objective of the present study was to determine whether or not an adenosine analog (NECA) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) affected the interleukin (IL)-4- and IL-13-induced release of M2a chemokines (CCL13, CCL17, CCL18, and CCL22) by human LMs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Primary macrophages isolated from resected human lungs were incubated with NECA, PGE2 , roflumilast, or vehicle and stimulated with IL-4 or IL-13 for 24 h...

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) presents a formidable medical challenge, demanding innovative therapeutic strategies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (NK) cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to CAR T-cell therapy for cancer. A suitable tumor antigen target on CRC is carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), given its widespread expression and role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. CEA is known to be prolifically shed from tumor cells in a soluble form, thus hindering CAR recognition of tumors and migration through the TME...

INTRODUCTION: Previous bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) proteomic analysis has evaluated limited numbers of subjects for only a few proteins of interest, which may differ between asthma and normal controls. Our objective was to examine a more comprehensive inflammatory biomarker panel in quantitative proteomic analysis for a large asthma cohort to identify molecular phenotypes distinguishing severe from nonsevere asthma. METHODS: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 48 severe and 77 nonsevere adult asthma subjects were assessed for 75 inflammatory proteins, normalized to BALF total protein concentration...

INTRODUCTION: The longevity is influenced by of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The specific changes that occur in the gut microbiome during the aging process, and their relationship to longevity and immune function, have not yet been fully understood. The ongoing research other microbiome based to longevity cohort in Kazakhstan, provides preliminary information on longevity-related aging, where cytokine expression is associated with specific microbial communities and microbial functions...

CCL22 is a macrophage-derived immunosuppressive chemokine that recruits regulatory T cells through the CCL22:CCR4 axis, playing an important role in homeostatic and inflammatory responses. A CCL22-overexpressing human induced pluripotent stem cell line (CNNDi001-A-2) was generated by lentiviral transduction to further study the function of CCL22. The cell line was confirmed to have normal proliferation and pluripotency and could be further differentiated into islet cells for cell replacement therapy in diabetes...

Moringa oleifera leaves are an inexpensive substitute for staple foods. Despite limited data, Moringa oleifera leaf protein (Mo-Pr) may be allergenic in BALB/c mice. In mouse models and allergic patients, dendritic cells (DCs) may be involved in food allergy. In addition, some allergens, including food allergens, can directly activate DCs and induce Th2 polarization. We investigated whether Mo-Pr can modulate the functional profile of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro. BMDCs were obtained from mouse bone marrow cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for 7 days and then treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Mo-Pr...

BACKGROUND: Jianpi Yangxue Qufeng Compound (JPYXQFC) is a Chinese medicine widely used in the clinical treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) and has a significantly therapeutic effect. However, the mechanism of JPYXQFC in AD has been not understood clearly. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the effect of JPYXQFC on AD model cells and rats by regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. METHODS: The rats (n > 5) were given JPYXQFC decoction orally twice a day for three days, and their abdominal aortic blood was collected...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin autoimmune diseases needing continuous anti-inflammatory management. Pterostilbene is reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity with higher bioavailability and stability than its parent compound, resveratrol. In this study, a series of synthetic pterostilbene analogs were designed by the hybridization of pterostilbene with chalcones or benzoyl chloride. Seventeen analogs derived from pterostilbene were synthesized with differences in the positions of hydroxyl, methoxyl, or fluoro moieties...

BACKGROUND: The ion channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) critically transduces mechanical forces in the IVD, and its inhibition can prevent IVD degeneration due to static overloading. However, it remains unknown whether different modes of loading signals through TRPV4 to regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that TRPV4 signaling is essential during static and dynamic loading to mediate homeostasis and mechanotransduction. METHODS: Mouse functional spine units were isolated and either cyclically compressed for 5 days (1 Hz, 1 h, 10% strain) or statically compressed (24 h, 0...

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a primarily epithelial-derived cytokine that drives type 2 allergic immune responses. Early life viral respiratory infections elicit high TSLP production, which leads to the development of type 2 inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. The goal of this study was to examine in vivo and in vitro the human airway epithelial responses leading to high TSLP production during viral respiratory infections in early infancy. A total of 129 infants (<1-24 m, median age 10 m) with severe viral respiratory infections were enrolled for in vivo (n = 113), and in vitro studies (n = 16)...

High infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) participates in host immunity and tumor progression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Ribosomal s6 kinase 4 (RSK4) has been shown to be aberrantly overexpressed in ESCC. The role of RSK4 in cytokine secretion and its impact on macrophage recruitment and polarization remains unclear. Therefore, a thorough understanding of RSK4 is needed to expand our knowledge of its therapeutic potential. Herein, RSK4 expression in human ESCC tissues and a xenograft mouse model was positively correlated with high infiltration of M0 and M2 macrophages which is positively associated with unfavorable overall survival outcomes and treatment resistance in patients with ESCC...

BACKGROUND: Elevated serum pro-inflammatory molecules have been reported in early psychosis. What is not known is whether peripheral inflammatory biomarkers are associated with CNS biomarkers. In the brain, release of pro-inflammatory molecules by microglial hyperactivity may lead to neuronal apoptosis seen in neurodegenerative disorders and account for loss of brain tissue observed in psychotic disorders. Neurochemical changes, including elevated glutamate levels, are also associated with neuroinflammation, present in early psychosis and change with antipsychotic treatment...

Objective: According to the 2020 data from the World Health Organization (WHO), cancers stand as one of the foremost contributors to global mortality. Revealing novel cancer risk factors and protective factors is of paramount importance in the prevention of disease occurrence. Studies on the relationship between chemokines and cancer are ongoing; however, due to the coordination of multiple potential mechanisms, the specific causal association remains unclear. Methods: We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the causal association between serum chemokines and pan-carcinoma...

Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) play pivotal roles in immune regulation by binding chemokines and regulating their spatial distribution without inducing G-protein activation. Recently, GPR182, provisionally named ACKR5, was identified as a novel ACKR expressed in microvascular and lymphatic endothelial cells, with functions in hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis. Here, we comprehensively investigated the chemokine binding profile of human and mouse GPR182. Competitive binding assays using flow cytometry revealed that besides CXCL10, CXCL12 and CXCL13, also human and mouse CXCL11, CXCL14 and CCL25, as well as human CCL1, CCL11, CCL19, CCL26, XCL1 and mouse CCL22, CCL24, CCL27 and CCL28 bind with an affinity of less than 100 nM to GPR182...

BACKGROUND: Dynamic alterations of the tumor immune microenvironment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after different neoadjuvant therapies were understudied. METHODS: We used mass cytometry with a 42-antibody panel for 6 adjacent normal esophageal mucosa and 26 tumor samples (treatment-naïve, n=12; postneoadjuvant, n=14) from patients with ESCC. Single-cell RNA sequencing of previous studies and bulk RNA sequencing from The Cancer Genome Atlas were analyzed, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence analyses were performed...

Occupational exposure to the most widely used monomeric diisocyanate (dNCO), 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), may lead to the development of occupational asthma (OA). Alveolar macrophages with alternatively activated (M2) phenotype have been implicated in allergic airway responses and the pathogenesis of asthma. Recent in vivo studies demonstrate that M2 macrophage-associated markers and chemokines are induced by MDI-exposure, however, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) by which this proceeds is unclear...

Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is abnormal and typically indicates the presence of pathogens or mislocalized self-DNA. Multiple sensors detect cytosolic dsDNA and trigger robust immune responses via activation of type I interferons. Several cancer immunotherapy treatments also activate cytosolic nucleic acid sensing pathways, including oncolytic viruses, nucleic acid-based cancer vaccines, and pharmacological agonists. We report here that cytosolic dsDNA introduced into malignant cells can robustly upregulate expression of CCL22, a chemokine responsible for the recruitment of regulatory T cells (Tregs)...

BACKGROUND: Presence of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) predicts the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies. The ability of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligands, interferons (IFNs) and COX2 inhibitors to synergistically induce CTL-attracting chemokines (but not regulatory T cell (Treg)-attractants) in the TME, but not in healthy tissues, observed in our preclinical studies, suggested that their systemic application can reprogram local TMEs. METHODS: Six evaluable patients (33-69 years) with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer received six doses of systemic chemokine-modulating (CKM) regimen composed of TLR3 ligand (rintatolimod; 200 mg; intravenous), IFN-α2b (20 MU/m2 ; intravenous) and COX2 inhibitor (celecoxib; 2×200 mg; oral) over 2 weeks...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relapsing skin disease with persistent inflammation as a causal factor for symptoms and disease progression. Current therapies provide only temporary relief and require long-term usage accompanied by side effects due to persistent relapses. A short peptide, TPS240, has been tested for its potential to subside AD. In this study, we confirmed the anti-atopic effect of TPS240 in vivo and in vitro using a DNCB-induced AD mouse model and TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells...