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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katelyn Dunigan-Russell, Michael J Yaeger, Myles X Hodge, Brita Kilburg-Basnyat, Sky W Reece, Anastasiya Birukova, Marissa A Guttenberg, Caymen Novak, Sangwoon Chung, Brandie Michelle Ehrmann, E Diane Wallace, Debra Tokarz, Nairrita Majumder, Xia Li, John W Christman, Jonathan Shannahan, Megan N Ballinger, Salik Hussain, Saame Raza Shaikh, Robert M Tighe, Kymberly M Gowdy
Damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are molecules released from dead/dying cells following toxicant and/or environmental exposures that activate the immune response through binding pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Excessive production of DAMPs or failed clearance leads to chronic inflammation and delayed inflammation resolution. One category of DAMPs are oxidized phospholipids (oxPLs) produced upon exposure to high levels of oxidative stress, such as following ozone (O3 )- induced inflammation...
January 18, 2023: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
#22
REVIEW
Maria Grazia Massaro, Mario Caldarelli, Laura Franza, Marcello Candelli, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Gambassi, Rossella Cianci, Donato Rigante
Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are defined by recurrent febrile attacks associated with protean manifestations involving joints, the gastrointestinal tract, skin, and the central nervous system, combined with elevated inflammatory markers, and are caused by a dysregulation of the innate immune system. From a clinical standpoint, the most known SAIDs are familial Mediterranean fever (FMF); cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS); mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD); and periodic fever, aphthosis, pharyngitis, and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome...
January 10, 2023: Vaccines
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akash Khurana, Daniel A Leffler, Kayeromi Gomez, Chandrashekhar Thukral
BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CD) is caused by an immune response to gluten and treatment is adherence to a gluten-free diet. Guidelines from studies in large academic settings recommend registered dietitian (RD) referrals at time of diagnosis and periodic testing for micronutrient deficiencies. There is limited data to guide follow-up parameters in a large, community-based practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate guideline adherence in this setting. METHODS: This retrospective study conducted in 2019 assessed CD care based on follow-up rates, micronutrient testing, symptoms, and serology results in cohorts with and without RD referrals...
January 11, 2023: BMC Gastroenterology
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Najat Abdrabbo AlYafei, Bushra Naaz Fathima Jaleel, Abdel-Salam G Abdel-Salam, Hamda Ali Al-Saadi, Samya Ahmad Al Abdulla
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D is considered a potent modulator of the immune system, albeit its role in COVID-19 infection is a matter of debate. The present study aimed to estimate the association between serum vitamin D levels and COVID-19 among people in Qatar. METHODS: This case-control study, approved by the Institutional Review Board of Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) Qatar, retrospectively evaluated the principal public healthcare sector population data repository retrieved from the cloud-based Electronic Health Record (EHR) software-Cerner, during April 2020-2021...
2022: Qatar Medical Journal
#25
REVIEW
Alastair J W Millar, Sharon G Cox
According to the joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), 37.7 million adults and children worldwide were estimated to be living with HIV or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) at the end of 2020 [UNAIDS. (2022). https://www.unaids.org . Accessed 30 May 2022]. Most reside in low- and middle-income countries, with approximately 67% in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). At the end of 2020, the total number of children less than 15 years of age living with HIV infection was 2.6 million, of whom 2...
December 8, 2022: Pediatric Surgery International
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan D Chow, Tai Michaels, Stefania Bellone, Tobias M P Hartwich, Elena Bonazzoli, Akiko Iwasaki, Eric Song, Alessandro D Santin
UNLABELLED: Mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd) cancers have varied responses to immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB). We conducted a phase II clinical trial of the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab in 24 patients with MMRd endometrial cancer (NCT02899793). Patients with mutational MMRd tumors (6 patients) had higher response rates and longer survival than those with epigenetic MMRd tumors (18 patients). Mutation burden was higher in tumors with mutational MMRd compared with epigenetic MMRd; however, within each category of MMRd, mutation burden was not correlated with ICB response...
February 6, 2023: Cancer Discovery
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hifza Naz, Rakhshan Haider, Haroon Rashid, Zargham Ul Haq, Jahanzeb Malik, Syed Muhammad Jawad Zaidi, Uzma Ishaq, Roberto Trevisan
INTRODUCTION: Ramadan is a month of obligatory fasting observed by the majority of 2 billion Muslims living around the globe. The guidelines for 'risk-free' fasting exist for chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, but recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients are deficient due to the paucity of literature. AREAS COVERED: Databases were screened to find relevant studies for an evidence-based consensus regarding the risk stratification and management of CVD...
October 24, 2022: Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Selam Tesfayohannes, Sisay Shine, Abinet Mekuria, Sisay Moges
Introduction: In resource-limited settings such as Ethiopia, where the prevalence of HIV/AIDS is high, a number of factors, including economic, demographic, behavioral risk, and health factors, affect how long people with AIDS are treated with antiretroviral therapy. Since several aspects of the clinical setup may have an impact on ART patients' survival, this study was conducted in health centers. Determining the mortality rate and survival factors among adult HIV-infected patients receiving ART at health centers in Addis Abeba's Kirkos subcity is the primary goal of this study...
2022: AIDS Research and Treatment
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christen R Erasmus, Anil A Chuturgoon, Niren R Maharaj
AIM: This study aimed to investigate various variables between maternal overweight and/or obesity versus normal-weight pregnant black South African women living with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 200 pregnant women were enrolled in the study, categorized according to body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2 ) into two groups: (1) overweight/obese (≥25 kg/m2 ) (n = 97); and (2) nonoverweight/nonobese (<25 kg/m2 ) (n = 103), where 90 were HIV-infected and 110 were HIV-uninfected...
August 23, 2022: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tugume Peterson Gordon, Muhwezi Talbert, Maud Kamatenesi Mugisha, Ainamani Elvis Herbert
BACKGROUND: The goal of antiretroviral therapy is to achieve sustained human immune deficiency virus (HIV) viral suppression. However, research on factors associated with viral load suppression among adolescents in low and middle-income countries is limited. The objectives of this study were to determine HIV viral suppression levels among adolescents in Kabale district and the associated clinical, adherence and psychosocial factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study designs were used...
2022: PloS One
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdelghani Yagoubi, Azzeddine Tahiat, Nabila Souad Touri, Mohamed Samir Ladj, Ouardia Drali, Brahim Belaid, Ayda Mohand-Oussaid, Abdelhak Dehimi, Reda Belbouab, Yacine Ferhani, Souhila Melzi, Assia Guedouar, Saliha Hakem, Ouardia Khemici, Yacine Inouri, Yanis Meddour, Saadeddine Dib, Zohra Mansouri, Samir Iddir, Abderrahmane Boufersaoui, Houda Boudiaf, Abderrachid Bouhdjila, Ouardia Ibsaine, Hachemi Maouche, Djazia Dahlouk, Azzedine Mekki, Belkacem Bioud, Zair Bouzerar, Zoulikha Zeroual, Fadila Benhassine, Dahila Bekkat-Berkani, Soumeya Naamoune, Samir Sofiane Salah, Samia Chaib, Nabila Attal, Nadia Bensaadi, Nadira Bouchair, Nacira Cherif, Leila Kedji, Salih Bendeddouche, Mohamed Lamine Atif, Kamel Djenouhat, Nadia Kechout, Reda Djidjik, Keltoum Nafissa Benhalla, Leila Smati, Rachida Boukari
INTRODUCTION: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) represent a heterogeneous large group of genetic disorders characterized by susceptibility of affected individuals to recurrent infections, autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, allergy, and malignancy. We aimed to report for the first time the Algerian registry for IEI in children. METHODS: We described the characteristics of IEI in Algerian children from the data collected in the Algerian registry for IEI between 1985 and 2021...
July 15, 2022: Journal of Clinical Immunology
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heng-Mo Rong, Chao Zhang, Guang-Sheng Rong, Ting Li, Xiao-Jun Qian, Dong Wang, Zhao-Hui Tong
Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a common medical issue in immunosuppressive patients. Increasing evidence supports that B cells may play an essential role in PCP individuals. The present study aims to integrate lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles and further investigate the molecular function of mature B cells in PCP. Methods: The lung tissue of wild-type (WT) mice and B-cell-activating factor receptor-deficient (mature B-cell deficiency, BAFF-R-/- ) mice were harvested at 3 weeks after being infected with pneumocystis...
2022: Frontiers in Immunology
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jae M Sevelius, Samantha E Dilworth, Cathy J Reback, Deepalika Chakravarty, Danielle Castro, Mallory O Johnson, Breonna McCree, Akira Jackson, Raymond P Mata, Torsten B Neilands
BACKGROUND: Transgender women are disproportionately impacted by HIV and are less likely to be optimally engaged in care than other groups due to psychosocial challenges. With community collaboration, we developed Healthy Divas, an individual-level intervention to increase healthcare empowerment and gender affirmation to improve engagement in HIV care. Healthy Divas comprises 6 peer-led individual sessions and one group workshop facilitated by a healthcare provider with expertise in HIV care and transgender health...
May 3, 2022: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew A Anderson, Cleophas Chimbetete, Tinei Shamu, Rumbizai Dahwa, David M Gracey
OBJECTIVE: We sought to validate the D:A:D risk score for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people living with HIV (PLWH) in a cohort from Harare, Zimbabwe. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate proteinuria as a predictive variable in the risk score model, being the first study to do so. DESIGN: Data from PLWH attending a clinic in Harare was evaluated. Those with a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate >60ml/min/1.73m2 and at least two subsequent eGFR measurements were included...
April 12, 2022: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Doğa Damla Demir, Kosar Asnaashari, Nima Rezaei, Ahmet Özen
Inborn errors of immunity are a group of rare diseases characterized by a wide variety of manifestations, including unusually severe infections, cancer susceptibility, and exaggerated inflammation that disrupts organ function. As of 2022, over 450 gene deficiencies have been classified under ten categories, where numbers are constantly increasing. The range of inborn errors of immunity varies considerably, from mild infections to serious multisystemic disease. Whereas patients with T cell defects are liable to a broad range of pathogens, selected inborn errors of immunity may predispose hosts merely to a narrow range of microorganisms...
March 2022: Turkish archives of pediatrics
#36
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Gerald S Bloomfield, Isabelle R Weir, Heather J Ribaudo, Kathleen V Fitch, Carl J Fichtenbaum, Laura E Moran, Roger Bedimo, Christopher de Filippi, Caryn G Morse, Jonathan Piccini, Markella V Zanni, Michael T Lu, Udo Hoffmann, Steven K Grinspoon, Pamela S Douglas
BACKGROUND: People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk of cardiovasvular disease (CVD) and sudden cardiac death. Previous work has suggested an association between HIV infection and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. There are limited data on the burden of ECG abnormalities among PWH in a multiracial, multiethnic globally representative population. SETTING: One hundred twenty sites in the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE). METHODS: ECG findings were grouped into clinically relevant categories using sex-specific thresholds when indicated...
March 1, 2022: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
N I Zhernakova, S S Bunova, N M Agarkov, D T Lebedev, V V Aksenov
Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common causes of disability and death in the world, and the number of patients with this category of diseases is increasing every year. This study aimed to investigate the role of vitamin D and the problems caused by its deficiency on the cardiovascular system. Level of D-(25(OH]D) in blood was studied by enzyme immunoassay in 95 elderly patients with myocardial infarction (MI) (the main group) and 92 elderly patients with no history of MI. The level of lipid metabolism as an indicator was determined using a KoneLab 300 auto-analyzer...
October 2021: Archives of Razi Institute
#38
REVIEW
Elena Perez
Over the past 20 years, the rapid evolution in the diagnosis and treatment of primary immunodeficiencies (PI) and the recognition of immune dysregulation as a feature in some have prompted the use of "inborn errors of immunity" (IEI) as a more encompassing term used to describe these disorders [1, 2] . This article aims to review the future of therapy of PI/IEI (referred to IEI throughout this paper). Historically, immune deficiencies have been characterized as monogenic disorders resulting in immune deficiencies affecting T cells, B cells, combination of T and B cells, or innate immune disorders...
August 2022: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geri R Donenberg, Jessica Fitts, Charles Ingabire, Sabin Nsanzimana, Mary Fabri, Erin Emerson, Eric Remera, Olivier Manzi, Bethany Bray, Mardge H Cohen
BACKGROUND: Adolescents living with HIV have elevated mental distress and suboptimal ART adherence. SETTING: Two urban clinics in Kigali, Rwanda. METHODS: A 2-arm individual randomized controlled trial compared Trauma Informed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy enhanced to address HIV (TI-CBTe) to usual care (time-matched, long-standing, unstructured support groups) with 356 12-21 year-old (M=16.78) Rwandans living with HIV. TI-CBTe included six group-based 2-hour sessions led by trained and supervised 21-25 year old Rwandans living with HIV...
January 8, 2022: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S E Rasouli, M Tavakol, H Sadri, Z Chavoshzadeh, S Alireza Mahdaviani, S Delavari, M Jamee, A Kalantari, M Seifi Alan, F Aghamahdi, H Abolhassani, R Yazdani, N Rezaei, G Azizi
Background. Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders with inherited faults in the immune system that increase susceptibility to infections, malignancies, lymphoproliferation, and autoimmune/autoinflammatory disorders. Methods. We retrospectively studied the demographic characteristics, clinical features, and immunological profiles of the 90 IEIs patients, who were diagnosed and classified according to the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) and International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) criteria from July 2010 to June 2021...
December 17, 2021: European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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