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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carla Colombo, Daniele Ceruti, Massimiliano Succi, Simone De Leo, Matteo Trevisan, Claudia Moneta, Laura Fugazzola
BACKGROUND: Fatigue is a frequent adverse event during systemic treatments for advanced thyroid cancer, often leading to reduction, interruption or discontinuation. We were the first group to demonstrate a correlation between fatigue and primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI). AIM: To assess the entire adrenal function in patients on systemic treatments. METHODS: ACTH, cortisol and all the hormones produced by the adrenal gland were evaluated monthly in 36 patients (25 on lenvatinib, 6 on vandetanib, and 5 on selpercatinib)...
April 1, 2024: European Thyroid Journal
#2
REVIEW
Aleksandra Rasic-Markovic, Emilija Djuric, Daniel Skrijelj, Jelica Bjekic-Macut, Đurđica Ignjatovic, Nikola Sutulovic, Dragan Hrncic, Dusan Mladenovic, Aleksandra Marković, Saša Radenković, Lena Radić, Nebojsa Radunovic, Olivera Stanojlovic
Neuroactive steroids are a type of steroid hormones produced within the nervous system or in peripheral glands and then transported to the brain to exert their neuromodulatory effects. Neuroactive steroids have pleiotropic effects, that include promoting myelination, neuroplasticity, and brain development. They also regulate important physiological functions, such as metabolism, feeding, reproduction, and stress response. The homoeostatic processes of metabolism and reproduction are closely linked and mutually dependent...
April 18, 2024: Endocrine
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Dittrich, L E Connor, F P A Fabbiani, P Piechon
Categorization underlies understanding. Conceptualizing solid-state structures of organic molecules with `archetype crystal structures' bridges established categories of disorder, polymorphism and solid solutions and is herein extended to special position and high-Z' structures. The concept was developed in the context of disorder modelling [Dittrich, B. (2021). IUCrJ, 8, 305-318] and relies on adding quantum chemical energy differences between disorder components to other criteria as an explanation as to why disorder - and disappearing disorder - occurs in an average structure...
May 1, 2024: IUCrJ
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Blair Hamilton, Andrew Brown, Stephanie Montagner-Moraes, Cristina Comeras-Chueca, Peter G Bush, Fergus M Guppy, Yannis P Pitsiladis
OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare standard laboratory performance metrics of transgender athletes to cisgender athletes. METHODS: 19 cisgender men (CM) (mean±SD, age: 37±9 years), 12 transgender men (TM) (age: 34±7 years), 23 transgender women (TW) (age: 34±10 years) and 21 cisgender women (CW) (age: 30±9 years) underwent a series of standard laboratory performance tests, including body composition, lung function, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, strength and lower body power...
April 10, 2024: British Journal of Sports Medicine
#5
Tara Suchak, Margherita Bracchi, Maria Mercer, Frances Lander, Marta Boffito
We here present a case providing valuable insights for clinicians who deliver care to patients identifying as transgender or nonbinary. A 30-year-old trans woman presented to sexual health services requesting a routine sexual health screen and was subsequently diagnosed with HIV and syphilis. She started antiretrovirals for HIV (bictegravir/tenoforvir alafenamide/emtricitabine) 12 days later and was treated with benzathine penicillin G. The patient also had a positive tuberculosis (TB) ELIspot blood test result and further investigations proved the presence of active TB in the chest with mediastinal involvement...
April 10, 2024: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julio Baudin, Julia Hernandez-Baixauli, Sergio Quesada-Vázquez, Francisca Mulero, Francesc Puiggròs, Lluís Arola, Antoni Caimari
In recent years many women have looked for alternative therapies to address menopause. Hesperidin, phytosterols and curcumin are bioactive compounds that can ameliorate some cardiovascular risk factors associated with menopause, although there are no data concerning the effects of their combined supplementation. We used ovariectomized (OVX) rats, a postmenopausal model with oestrogen deficiency, to evaluate whether supplementation with a multi-ingredient (MI) including hesperidin, phytosterols and curcumin for 57 days would display beneficial effects against fat mass accretion and metabolic disturbances associated with menopause...
April 10, 2024: Food & Function
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yazhen Xie, Haifeng Xu, Zhijuan Gu
BACKGROUND: Existing treatments for primary dysmenorrhoea (PD), such as NSAIDs, impart side effects. Ge-Gen decoction (GGD), a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown promise in treating PD, but its exact mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the efficiency of GGD in alleviating PD using a rat model to understand its precise mechanism of action. METHODS: We established a rat model of dysmenorrhoea induced by oestradiol and oxytocin. The PD rats were administered GGD or Ibuprofen (positive control) intragastrically once daily for seven consecutive days...
December 2024: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology: the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Salvatore Caruso, Giuseppe Caruso, Marco Iraci Sareri, Federica Di Guardo, Giosuè Giordano Incognito, Marco Palumbo
PURPOSE: To correlate the sexual desire levels with sexual hormone binding globulin and free androgen index in women taking different types of hormonal contraceptives (HCs) containing ethinylestradiol (EE), oestradiol valerate (E2V), 17β-oestradiol (E2), or estetrol (E4), combined or in phasic formulation with different progestogens having antiandrogenic properties. METHODS: Three hundred and sixty-seven women (age range 18-46) participated in the study. SHBG and total testosterone (TT) were measured, and the Free Androgen Index (FAI) was calculated...
April 8, 2024: European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilkka Jussila, Juha P Ahtiainen, Eija K Laakkonen, Aino Siltari, Antti Kaipia, Tiina Jokela, Minta Kärkkäinen, Rob Newton, Truls Raastad, Heini Huhtala, Teemu J Murtola, Heikki Seikkula
OBJECTIVE: To report the protocol of a study evaluating the efficacy of transdermal oestradiol (E2) gel in reducing the adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), specifically on sexual function, and to assess the utility of E2 in combination with supervised exercise. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The primary endpoint of this open-label Phase IIA randomized controlled trial is the efficacy of transdermal E2 gel. Secondary endpoints include: (i) the occurrence of ADT-induced adverse effects; (ii) the safety and tolerability of E2; (iii) the impact of E2 with or without exercise on physical, physiological, muscle, and systemic biomarkers; and (iv) quality of life...
April 8, 2024: BJU International
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joanna Mesure, Sarjana Afrin, Sandra Fitzgerald, Judy Luu, Alison Gibberd, Lucy Leigh, Katie Wynne
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2024: Sexual Health
#11
Samvida S Venkatesh, Laura B L Wittemans, Duncan S Palmer, Nikolas A Baya, Teresa Ferreira, Barney Hill, Frederik Heymann Lassen, Melody J Parker, Saskia Reibe, Ahmed Elhakeem, Karina Banasik, Mie T Bruun, Christian Erikstrup, Bitten A Jensen, Anders Juul, Christina Mikkelsen, Henriette S Nielsen, Sisse R Ostrowski, Ole B Pedersen, Palle D Rohde, Erik Sorensen, Henrik Ullum, David Westergaard, Asgeir Haraldsson, Hilma Holm, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Isleifur Olafsson, Thora Steingrimsdottir, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Jessica Figueredo, Minna K Karjalainen, Anu Pasanen, Benjamin M Jacobs, Nikki Hubers, Margaret Lippincott, Abigail Fraser, Deborah A Lawlor, Nicholas J Timpson, Mette Nyegaard, Kari Stefansson, Reedik Magi, Hannele Laivuori, David A van Heel, Dorret I Boomsma, Ravikumar Balasubramanian, Stephanie B Seminara, Yee-Ming Chan, Triin Laisk, Cecilia M Lindgren
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) may help inform treatments for infertility, whose causes remain unknown in many cases. Here we present GWAS meta-analyses across six cohorts for male and female infertility in up to 41,200 cases and 687,005 controls. We identified 21 genetic risk loci for infertility ( P ≤5E-08), of which 12 have not been reported for any reproductive condition. We found positive genetic correlations between endometriosis and all-cause female infertility ( r g =0.585, P =8.98E-14), and between polycystic ovary syndrome and anovulatory infertility ( r g =0...
March 20, 2024: medRxiv
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anita Birinji, Kristina Pogrmić-Majkić, Željko Mihaljev, Marija Marin, Dušan Lalošević
In this study, we evaluated the cumulative effects of arsenic (III) oxide on the number of mouse offspring over three consecutive generations and monitored changes in levels of the reproductive hormones, oestradiol and progesterone in female mice during the dioestrus phase of the cycle. The control group received water from the mains. In two experimental groups, mice were given drinking water containing dissolved arsenic (III) oxide at concentrations of 10.6 mg L-1 and 106 mg L-1, respectively. These concentrations represent the values converted from a human model to an animal model (mice) thus correspond to the arsenic content of the groundwater in the southern part of the Pannonian Basin, in the province of Vojvodina, in the Banat region, in particular in the town of Zrenjanin...
March 25, 2024: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
#13
REVIEW
Agnieszka Kaufman-Szymczyk, Justyna Jalmuzna, Katarzyna Lubecka-Gajewska
The chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic properties of soy and soy-derived compounds, especially isoflavones, have been extensively studied in recent years. However, in contrast to their anticancer effects, such as cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction, isoflavones have also been found to promote the growth of cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of this comprehensive review article is to present the current state of knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms by which soy-derived isoflavones target multiple cellular signalling pathways in cancer cells...
March 25, 2024: British Journal of Pharmacology
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Martín-Manchado, Laura Prieto-Huecas, Clara Ángela Piera-Jordán, Verónica Serrano De la Cruz-Delgado, María Belén García-Velert, Cristina Tordera-Terrades, Ana Zaragoza-Martí
OBJECTIVE: Currently, esterility affects between 15% and 20% of couples of fertile age. Female reproductive success is mainly determined by age and ovarian reserve (OR). Recent studies highlight the influence of modifiable factors such as dietary habits and nutritional status on OR. In this regard, the Mediterranean Diet (MD) is postulated as a standard of healthy eating. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to analyze the influence of adherence to DM and nutritional status on the OR of infertile women...
March 25, 2024: Revista Española de Salud Pública
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adriana Marques-Carvalho, Beatriz Silva, Francisco B Pereira, Ha-Neui Kim, Maria Almeida, Vilma A Sardão
BACKGROUND: Oestrogen deficiency increases bone resorption, contributing to osteoporosis development. Yet, the mechanisms mediating the effects of oestrogen on osteoclasts remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the early metabolic alteration induced by RANKL, the essential cytokine in osteoclastogenesis and 17-beta-oestradiol (E2 ) on osteoclast progenitor cells, using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and primary bone marrow-derived macrophages as biological models. RESULTS: This research demonstrated that, in osteoclast precursors, RANKL stimulates complex I activity, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and mitochondria-derived ATP production as early as 3 h of exposure...
March 22, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Investigation
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A R Felisbino Neto, D F C Souza, R A Campos, S Albertini, M R Bastos, B G Freitas, M H A Colli, F M Elliff, J N S Sales, P S Baruselli
This study evaluated the efficacy of the administration of different doses of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG; 0 IU, 200 IU, or 300 IU) at the time of the progesterone device removal in 2-year-old Nelore (Bos indicus) heifers synchronized for fixed-timed artificial insemination (FTAI). On day 0 (D0), a total of 398 heifers received 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate i.m., 0.53 mg of cloprostenol i.m., and an eight-day previously used (second use) intravaginal device containing 1 g of progesterone (P4)...
March 2024: Reproduction in Domestic Animals
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehmet Ekici, Mehmet Burak Ateş, Hacer Baş-Ekici, Aykut Özgür
RESEARCH QUESTION: Does dexpanthenol work as an effective therapeutic agent against cyclophosphamide (CYC)-induced premature ovarian failure (POF) in rats? DESIGN: A total of 28 female Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 per group). The POF and POF plus dexpanthenol groups were intraperitoneally administered CYC at an initial dose of 50 mg/kg, followed by 8 mg/kg for 14 days. The dexpanthenol and POF plus dexpanthenol groups were both intraperitoneally administered dexpanthenol at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day for 15 days...
December 24, 2023: Reproductive Biomedicine Online
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Lindh, M P Kowalewski, S K Goericke-Pesch, H Lindeberg, G Schuler, O A T Peltoniemi
CONTEXT: New animal welfare legislation and ethical guidelines encourage alternative approaches for canine contraception, instead of surgical gonadectomy which is considered invasive and unjustified in healthy dogs. AIMS: Reversible contraception might be achieved by inhibition of aromatase (CYP19), an enzyme catalysing the conversion of androgens to oestrogens. This study provides insights into the spatio-temporal expression and distribution of aromatase in canine ovarian tissue...
March 15, 2024: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tongwei Zhang, Junya Zhang, Guang Yang, Jingyi Hu, Huihui Wang, Ran Jiang, Guidong Yao
RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the role of Prader-Willi region non-protein coding RNA 1 (PWRN1) in ovarian follicular development and its molecular mechanism? DESIGN: The expression and localization of PWRN1 were detected in granulosa cells from patients with different ovarian functions, and the effect of interfering with PWRN1 expression on cell function was detected by culturing granulosa cells in vitro. Furthermore, the effects of interfering with PWRN1 expression on ovarian function of female mice were explored through in-vitro and in-vivo experiments...
November 8, 2023: Reproductive Biomedicine Online
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer L Juengel, Karen L Reader, Paul H Maclean, Laurel D Quirke, Sylvia Zellhuber-McMillan, Neville A Haack, Axel Heiser
CONTEXT: Declining fertility is an issue in multiple mammalian species. As the site of fertilisation and early embryo development, the oviduct plays a critical role in embryo survival, yet there is a paucity of information on how the oviduct regulates this process. AIMS: We hypothesised that differences in steroid hormone signalling and/or immune function would be observed in a model of poor embryo survival, the peripubertal ewe. METHODS: We examined expression of steroid hormones in systemic circulation, oviductal expression of oestrogen receptorαand genes important in steroid hormone signalling, and immune function in pregnant and cyclic peripubertal and adult ewes on day 3 after oestrus...
February 26, 2024: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
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