keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510859/non-secretory-multiple-myeloma-a-new-observation-and-review-of-the-literature
#1
Zohra Ouzzif, Yassine Eddair, Wissal Laassara, Hicham El Maaroufi, El Mehdi Mahtat
Non-secreting multiple myeloma is a rare variant of multiple myeloma that affects a relatively young population. It is characterized by the non-secretory nature of malignant plasma cells. The following case report describes the history of a 54-year-old patient with non-secretory myeloma revealed by mechanical and inflammatory low back pain. The bone and neurological involvement, the presence of diffuse osteolytic lesions and the increase in the serum kappa free light chains (FLC) level prompted a myelogram...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496307/benefits-of-heat-killed-lactobacillus-acidophilus-on-growth-performance-nutrient-digestibility-antioxidant-status-immunity-and-cecal-microbiota-of-rabbits
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miao Xia, Chong Li, Diange Wu, Fengyang Wu, Lingchang Kong, Zifan Jia, Wenxiao Han, Saijuan Chen, Wei Fang, Yajuan Liu, Baojiang Chen
INTRODUCTION: Heat-killed probiotics, as a type of inactivated beneficial microorganisms, possess an extended shelf life and broader adaptability compared to their live counterparts. This study aimed to investigate the impact of heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus ( L. acidophilus , LA) - a deactivated probiotic on the growth performance, digestibility, antioxidant status, immunity and cecal microbiota of rabbits. METHODS: Two hundred weaned Hyla rabbits were randomly allocated into five equal groups (CON, L200 , L400 , L600 , and L800 )...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493262/evaluation-of-indicators-of-acute-emotional-states-in-dogs
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah E Flint, Jennifer E Weller, Nia Parry-Howells, Zack W Ellerby, Stephanie L McKay, Tammie King
A complete assessment of animal welfare requires not just an understanding of negative emotional states, such as fear and anxiety, but also of positive states, such as calmness and happiness. However, few studies have identified accurate and reliable indicators of positive emotional states in dogs. This study aimed to identify parameters that may serve as indicators of short-term emotional states in dogs. Using a cross-over design, 60 dogs living at a research facility were exposed to six different 10-min scenarios expected to elicit responses varying in emotional valence and arousal...
March 17, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471807/physiological-stress-responses-to-a-live-fire-training-evolution-in-career-structural-firefighters
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Drew E Gonzalez, Courtney C Dillard, Sarah E Johnson, Steven E Martin, Matthew J McAllister
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed firefighters' physiological stress response to a live fire training evolution (LFTE). METHODS: Seventy-six (n = 76) firefighters completed an LFTE. Salivary samples were collected pre-, immediately post, and 30-min post-LFTE and analyzed for α-amylase (AA), cortisol (CORT), and secretory immunoglobulin-A (SIgA). RESULTS: Concentrations of AA, CORT, and SIgA were elevated immediately post LFTE versus pre (p < 0...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465928/cationic-nanoemulsion-encapsulated-retinoic-acid-as-an-adjuvant-to-promote-ova-specific-systemic-and-mucosal-responses
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guo-Cheng Li, Hui-Fang Li, Zhe Jin, Rang Feng, Yan Deng, Hao Cheng, Hai-Bo Li
Cationic nanostructures have emerged as an adjuvant and antigen delivery system that enhances dendritic cell maturation, ROS generation, and antigen uptake and then promotes antigen-specific immune responses. In recent years, retinoic acid (RA) has received increasing attention due to its effect in activating the mucosal immune response; however, in order to use RA as a mucosal adjuvant, it is necessary to solve the problem of its dissolution, loading, and delivery. Here, we describe a cationic nanoemulsion-encapsulated retinoic acid (CNE-RA) delivery system composed of the cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOTAP), retinoic acid, squalene as the oil phase, polysorbate 80 as surfactant, and sorbitan trioleate 85 as co-surfactant...
February 23, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464951/maternal-resveratrol-improves-the-intestinal-health-and-weight-gain-of-suckling-piglets-during-high-summer-temperatures-the-involvement-of-exosome-derived-micrornas-and-immunoglobin-in-colostrum
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Changming Hong, Yujian Huang, Guan Yang, Xiaolu Wen, Li Wang, Xuefen Yang, Kaiguo Gao, Zongyong Jiang, Hao Xiao
Previous studies have shown that maternal resveratrol improved growth performance and altered the microbial composition of suckling piglets under hot summer conditions. However, it remains unclear how maternal resveratrol improves growth performance of suckling piglets during high summer temperatures. A total of 20 sows (Landrace × Large White; three parity) were randomly assigned to 2 groups (with or without 300 mg/kg resveratrol) from d 75 of gestation to d 21 of lactation during high ambient temperatures (from 27 to 30 °C)...
June 2024: Animal Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454493/betaine-addition-to-the-diet-alleviates-intestinal-injury-in-growing-rabbits-during-the-summer-heat-through-the-aat-mtor-pathway
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zimei Li, Junning Pu, Xiang Chen, Yanbin Chen, Xiaoyan Peng, Jingyi Cai, Gang Jia, Hua Zhao, Gang Tian
BACKGROUND: The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of betaine (Bet) inclusion in the diet on the intestinal health of growing rabbits under summer heat. A total of 100 weaned Qixing meat rabbits aged 35 d with body weight of 748.61 ± 38.59 g were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups: control group (basal diet) and Bet groups (basal diet + 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 g/kg Bet). The average daily temperature in the rabbitry during the experiment was 30...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447834/the-effect-of-lentinan-on-dexamethasone-induced-immunosuppression-in-mice
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lina Jiao, Haiyan Jin, Zuchen Song, Zheng Wang, Lin Yu, Ruihong Yu, Deyun Wang, Qian Gao, Song Peng, Haifeng Sun, Tao Zhang, Xue Fei Wang, Zhenguang Liu
The immune system acts as a vital defense barrier against pathogenic invasions, and its stable operation is crucial for maintaining body health. Nevertheless, various natural or artificial factors can compromise the body's immune function, leading to immunosuppression, which may interfere with the efficacy of vaccination and increase the susceptibility of the body to disease-causing pathogens. In an effort to ensure successful vaccinations and improve overall physical well-being, the search for appropriate immune regulators to enhance immunity is of paramount importance...
March 4, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444382/progress-and-challenges-in-the-clinical-evaluation-of-immune-responses-to-respiratory-mucosal-vaccines
#9
REVIEW
Xuanxuan Zhang, Jialu Zhang, Si Chen, Qian He, Yu Bai, Jianyang Liu, Zhongfang Wang, Zhenglun Liang, Ling Chen, Qunying Mao, Miao Xu
INTRODUCTION: Following the coronavirus disease pandemic, respiratory mucosal vaccines that elicit both mucosal and systemic immune responses have garnered increasing attention. However, human physiological characteristics pose significant challenges in the evaluation of mucosal immunity, which directly impedes the development and application of respiratory mucosal vaccines. AREAS COVERED: This study summarizes the characteristics of immune responses in the respiratory mucosa and reviews the current status and challenges in evaluating immune response to respiratory mucosal vaccines...
March 6, 2024: Expert Review of Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435366/effect-of-tea-polyphenols-on-intestinal-barrier-and-immune-function-in-weaned-lambs
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuewen Xu, Fuquan Yin, Jialin Wang, Pengxin Wu, Xiaoyuan Qiu, Xiaolin He, Yimei Xiao, Shangquan Gan
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of tea polyphenols on growth performance, cytokine content, intestinal antioxidant status and intestinal barrier function of lambs, in order to provide reference for intestinal health of ruminants. METHODS: Thirty weaned lambs (average initial weight 9.32 ± 1.72 kg) were randomly divided into five groups with six lambs in each group. The control group did not add anything but the basic diet mainly composed of Pennisetum and Corn, and the other four groups added 2, 4, 6 g/kg tea polyphenols and 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline to the basic diet, respectively...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433913/sars-cov-2-infection-induces-robust-mucosal-antibody-responses-in-the-upper-respiratory-tract
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alba Escalera, Amaya Rojo-Fernandez, Alexander Rombauts, Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso, Jordi Carratalà, Adolfo García-Sastre, Teresa Aydillo
Despite multiple research efforts to characterize coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans, there is no clear data on the specific role of mucosal immunity on COVID-19 disease. Here, we longitudinally profile the antibody response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and seasonal HCoV-OC43 S proteins in serum and nasopharyngeal swabs from COVID-19 patients. Results showed that specific antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 S proteins can be detected in the upper respiratory tract...
March 15, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38421461/secretory-iga-reduced-the-ergosterol-contents-of-candida-albicans-to-repress-its-hyphal-growth-and-virulence
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiannan Wang, Jiawei Shen, Ding Chen, Binyou Liao, Xi Chen, Yawen Zong, Yu Wei, Yangyang Shi, Yaqi Liu, Lichen Gou, Xuedong Zhou, Lei Cheng, Biao Ren
Candida albicans, one of the most prevalent conditional pathogenic fungi, can cause local superficial infections and lethal systemic infections, especially in the immunocompromised population. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is an important immune protein regulating the pathogenicity of C. albicans. However, the actions and mechanisms that sIgA exerts directly against C. albicans are still unclear. Here, we investigated that sIgA directs against C. albicans hyphal growth and virulence to oral epithelial cells...
February 29, 2024: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38409828/microbiota-parasite-interaction-implication-of-secretory-immunoglobulin-a-and-p2x7-receptor-signaling
#13
REVIEW
Basma Emad Aboulhoda, Mohamed Abdelfatah, Eman S El-Wakil, Mansour Alghamdi, Emad A Albadawi, Fatma E Hassan, Enas A El Saftawy
The microbiota community is composed of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protists that exert symbiotic effects within the human body. Unlike microbiota, parasites are characteristically reliant on their hosts to thrive and flourish, producing toxic metabolites that agitate microbiota and disturb homeostasis. The proper management of parasitic infections addresses several important challenges related to low socioeconomic status and emergent resistance. Therefore, understanding the microbiota's role in interactions with hosts and parasites is crucial for managing parasite diseases with fewer economic and adverse effects associated with pharmaceutical interventions...
February 2024: Discovery Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38363924/lcn2-and-elane-overexpression-induces-sepsis
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tao Wang, Jian-Ge Han, Wei Dong, Yong-Hao Yu
Sepsis is a syndrome characterized by a systemic inflammatory response due to the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. The relationship between Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), elastase, neutrophil expressed (ELANE) and sepsis remains unclear. The sepsis datasets GSE137340 and GSE154918 profiles were downloaded from gene expression omnibus generated from GPL10558. Batch normalization, differentially expressed Genes (DEGs) screening, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), functional enrichment analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration analysis, construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) analysis were performed...
February 16, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38331814/all-trans-retinoic-acid-alleviates-transmissible-gastroenteritis-virus-induced-intestinal-inflammation-and-barrier-dysfunction-in-weaned-piglets
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junning Pu, Daiwen Chen, Gang Tian, Jun He, Ping Zheng, Zhiqing Huang, Xiangbing Mao, Jie Yu, Yuheng Luo, Junqiu Luo, Hui Yan, Aimin Wu, Bing Yu
BACKGROUND: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is one of the main pathogens causing severe diarrhea of piglets. The pathogenesis of TGEV is closely related to intestinal inflammation. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is the main active metabolite of vitamin A, which has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is unclear whether ATRA can alleviate TGEV-induced intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction in piglets. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ATRA on growth performance, diarrhea, intestinal inflammation and intestinal barrier integrity of TGEV-challenged piglets...
February 9, 2024: Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329005/recent-advances-in-the-molecular-understanding-of-immunoglobulin-a
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuxin Wang, Junyu Xiao
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays a crucial role in the human immune system, particularly in mucosal immunity. IgA antibodies that target the mucosal surface are made up of two to five IgA monomers linked together by the joining chain, forming polymeric molecules. These IgA polymers are transported across mucosal epithelial cells by the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor pIgR, resulting in the formation of secretory IgA (SIgA). This review aims to explore recent advancements in our molecular understanding of IgA, with a specific focus on SIgA, and the interaction between IgA and pathogen molecules...
February 8, 2024: FEBS Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328401/clinical-characteristics-and-prognostic-significance-of-immunoglobulin-isotype-switch-in-patients-with-multiple-myeloma
#17
Minqiu Lu, Bin Chu, Yutong Wang, Lei Shi, Shan Gao, Lijuan Fang, Qiuqing Xiang, Xi Liu, Yuehua Ding, Yuan Chen, Xin Zhao, Mengzhen Wang, Kai Sun, Li Bao
Immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype switching in multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare form of clonal evolution. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and prognostic significance of Ig isotype switching by observing Ig transformation in patients with relapse. A retrospective analysis was performed on 506 patients with newly diagnosed MM who were treated at our hospital from February 2005 to February 2020. The patients who experienced relapse were divided into the following four groups according to Ig phenotype: original paraprotein, complete isotype switching, light chain escape (LCE),and non-secretory clinical relapse...
April 2023: Cancer Pathog Ther
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38311319/-salmonella-vector-induces-protective-immunity-against-lawsonia-and-salmonella-in-murine-model-using-prokaryotic-expression-system
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sungwoo Park, Eunseok Cho, Amal Senevirathne, Hak-Jae Chung, Seungmin Ha, Chae-Hyun Kim, Seogjin Kang, John Hwa Lee
BACKGROUND: Lawsonia intracellularis is the causative agent of proliferative enteropathy and is associated with several outbreaks, causing substantial economic loss to the porcine industry. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we focused on demonstrating the protective effect in the mouse model through the immunological bases of two vaccine strains against porcine proliferative enteritis. METHODS: We used live-attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) secreting two selected immunogenic LI antigens ( Lawsonia autotransporter A epitopes and flagellin [FliC]-peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein-FliC) as the vaccine carrier...
January 2024: Journal of Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38270478/coated-sodium-butyrate-and-vitamin-d-3-supplementation-improve-gut-health-through-influencing-intestinal-immunity-barrier-and-microflora-in-early-stage-broilers
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hang Gao, Xingkai Zhao, Yizhe Guo, Zhendong Li, Zhenlei Zhou
BACKGROUND: Intestinal development and function are critical to maintaining sustained broiler growth. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of coated sodium butyrate (CSB) and vitamin D3 (VD3 ) on the intestinal immunity, barrier, oxidative stress and microflora in early-stage broilers. In total, 192 one-day-old broilers were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design including two dietary supplements at two different levels, in which the main effects were VD3 (3000 or 5000 IU kg-1 ) and CSB (0 or 1 g kg-1 )...
January 25, 2024: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38251677/in-vivo-antiviral-efficacy-of-lctg-002-a-pooled-purified-human-milk-secretory-iga-product-against-sars-cov-2-in-a-murine-model-of-covid-19
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Viraj Mane, Rikin Mehta, Nadine Alvarez, Vijeta Sharma, Steven Park, Alisa Fox, Claire DeCarlo, Xiaoqi Yang, David S Perlin, Rebecca L R Powell
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant antibody (Ab) in human mucosae, with secretory form (sIgA) being dominant and uniquely stable. sIgA is challenging to produce recombinantly but is naturally found in human milk, which could be considered a global resource for this biologic, justifying its development as a mucosal therapeutic. Presently, SARS-CoV-2 was utilized as a model mucosal pathogen, and methods were developed to efficiently extract human milk sIgA from donors who were naïve to SARS-CoV-2 or had recovered from infection that elicited high-titer anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike sIgA in their milk (pooled to make LCTG-002)...
December 31, 2024: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
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