keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494877/sglt-2-inhibitors-and-glp-1-receptor-agonists-for-type-2-diabetes
#1
REVIEW
Esteban Davila, James McCormack
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 17, 2024: Academic Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494574/efficacy-and-safety-of-tirzepatide-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-analysis-of-surpass-ap-combo-by-different-subgroups
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Bi, Song Lu, Jiani Tang, Liying Du, Linong Ji
INTRODUCTION: Tirzepatide is a novel glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. In the SURPASS-AP-Combo trial, once-weekly tirzepatide was associated with improved glycemic control and weight loss versus insulin glargine and was generally well tolerated in an Asia-Pacific, predominately Chinese, population with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This post hoc subgroup analysis of SURPASS-AP-Combo assessed the potential influence of patient baseline characteristics on the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide...
March 18, 2024: Diabetes Therapy: Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and related Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493915/semaglutide-6-months-therapy-of-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-restores-adipose-progenitors-potential-to-develop-metabolically-active-adipocytes
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
I Stafeev, M Agareva, S Michurina, A Tomilova, E Shestakova, E Zubkova, M Sineokaya, E Ratner, M Menshikov, Ye Parfyonova, M Shestakova
BACKGROUND: Nowadays type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to population mortality growth. Today glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are one of the most promising glucose-lowered drugs with anorexigenic and cardioprotective effects. The present study aims to determine the effects of GLP-1 RA semaglutide 6-month therapy on T2DM patient metabolic parameters and adipose progenitor cell health. METHODS: T2DM patients (N = 8) underwent clinical characterization and subcutaneous fat biopsy at start point and after semaglutide 6-month therapy...
March 15, 2024: European Journal of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492844/loss-of-gipr-in-lepr-cells-impairs-glucose-control-by-gip-and-gip-glp-1-co-agonism-without-affecting-body-weight-and-food-intake-in-mice
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seun Akindehin, Arkadiusz Liskiewicz, Daniela Liskiewicz, Miriam Bernecker, Cristina Garcia-Caceres, Daniel J Drucker, Brian Finan, Gerald Grandl, Robert Gutgesell, Susanna M Hofmann, Ahmed Khalil, Xue Liu, Perla Cota, Mostafa Bakhti, Oliver Czarnecki, Aimée Bastidas-Ponce, Heiko Lickert, Lingru Kang, Gandhari Maity, Aaron Novikoff, Sebastian Parlee, Ekta Pathak, Sonja C Schriever, Michael Sterr, Siegfried Ussar, Qian Zhang, Richard DiMarchi, Matthias H Tschöp, Paul T Pfluger, Jonathan D Douros, Timo D Müller
OBJECTIVE: The glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) decreases body weight via central GIP receptor (GIPR) signaling, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we assessed whether GIP regulates body weight and glucose control via GIPR signaling in cells that express the leptin receptor (Lepr). METHODS: Hypothalamic, hindbrain, and pancreatic co-expression of Gipr and Lepr was assessed using single cell RNAseq analysis. Mice with deletion of Gipr in Lepr cells were generated and metabolically characterized for alterations in diet-induced obesity (DIO), glucose control and leptin sensitivity...
March 14, 2024: Molecular Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490274/association-between-glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-agonists-and-the-risk-of-glaucoma-in-individuals-with-type-2-diabetes
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siar Niazi, Filip Gnesin, Anna-Sophie Thein, Jens R Andreasen, Anna Horwitz, Zaynab A Mouhammad, Baker N Jawad, Zia Niazi, Nelsan Pourhadi, Bochra Zareini, Amani Meaidi, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Miriam Kolko
PURPOSE: To examine the association between Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) use and the development of glaucoma in individuals with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: Nationwide, nested case-control study. PARTICIPANTS: From a nationwide cohort of 264708 individuals, we identified 1,737 incident glaucoma cases and matched them to 8685 glaucoma-free controls, all aged above 21 years old and treated with metformin and a second-line antihyperglycemic drug formulation, with no history of glaucoma, eye trauma or eye surgery...
March 8, 2024: Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488265/analyses-of-potential-causal-contributors-to-increased-waist-hip-ratio-associated-cardiometabolic-disease-a-combined-and-sex-stratified-mendelian-randomization-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Habiba Hashemy, Anthony Nguyen, Rana Khafagy, Delnaz Roshandel, Andrew D Paterson, Satya Dash
BACKGROUND: Increased waist/hip ratio (WHR) contributes to type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and coronary artery disease, with potential sex-differential effects. Postulated mediators include increased lipid flux, branched-chain amino acids, glycine and glycoprotein acetyl, but their relative contributions and sex-specific impact on WHR-associated cardiometabolic disease (CMD) are not established. METHODS: We therefore undertook combined and sex-stratified Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the relative causal contributions of these mediators to WHR-associated CMD using summary statistics from the largest genome-wide association studies in European ancestries...
March 15, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488234/huanglian-banxia-promotes-gastric-motility-of-diabetic-rats-by-modulating-brain-gut-neurotransmitters-through-mapk-signaling-pathway
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Chen, Qiong Chen, Jiayi Huang, Xianmin Shen, Lurong Zhang, Guorong Jiang, Tingting Wu, Fei Wang, Xudong Cheng
BACKGROUND: Gastric motility disorder is an increasingly common problem among people with diabetes. Neurotransmitters have been recognized as critical regulators in the process of gastric motility. Previous study has shown that herb pair huanglian-banxia (HL-BX) can improve gastric motility, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to further investigate the role of HL-BX in modulating brain-gut neurotransmission to promote gastric motility in diabetic rats, and to explore its possible mechanism...
March 15, 2024: Neurogastroenterology and Motility: the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487908/-glp-1-receptor-agonists-in-type-2-diabetes-paradoxical-real-life-underuse-in-patients-with-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
André Scheen
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) reduce the risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in placebo-controlled CV outcome trials. This article compares the proportion of T2DM patients treated with GLP-1RAs in retrospective observational studies that recruited T2DM patients with versus without established ASCVD. Nine cohorts from seven studies were collected in the international literature between 2019 and 2022...
March 2024: Revue Médicale de Liège
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486997/design-and-discovery-of-a-highly-potent-ultralong-acting-glp-1-and-glucagon-co-agonist-for-attenuating-renal-fibrosis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Zhao, Jiale Dong, Han Liu, Hui Chen, Huan Yu, Shuyin Ye, Shuangjin Yu, Yu Li, Longhui Qiu, Nazi Song, Hongjiao Xu, Qi Liu, Zhiteng Luo, Yuyi Li, Rui Wang, Guodong Chen, Xianxing Jiang
The role of co-agonists of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and glucagon receptor (GCGR) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unclear. Herein we found that GLP-1R and GCGR expression levels were lower in the kidneys of mice with CKD compared to healthy mice and were correlated with disease severity. Interestingly, GLP-1R or GCGR knockdown aggravated the progression of kidney injury in both diabetic db/db mice and non-diabetic mice undergoing unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Based on the importance of GLP-1R and GCGR in CKD, we reported a novel monomeric peptide, 1907-B, with dual-agonism on both GLP-1R and GCGR...
March 2024: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486712/gut-derived-peptide-hormone-analogues-and-potential-treatment-of-bone-disorders-in-obesity-and-diabetes-mellitus
#10
REVIEW
Asif Ali, Peter R Flatt, Nigel Irwin
Obesity and diabetes mellitus are prevalent metabolic disorders that have a detrimental impact on overall health. In this regard, there is now a clear link between these metabolic disorders and compromised bone health. Interestingly, both obesity and diabetes lead to elevated risk of bone fracture which is independent of effects on bone mineral density (BMD). In this regard, gastrointestinal (GIT)-derived peptide hormones and their related long-acting analogues, some of which are already clinically approved for diabetes and/or obesity, also seem to possess positive effects on bone remodelling and microarchitecture to reduce bone fracture risk...
2024: Clinical Medicine Insights. Endocrinology and Diabetes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486046/association-of-semaglutide-with-reduced-incidence-and-relapse-of-cannabis-use-disorder-in-real-world-populations-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Wang, Nora D Volkow, Nathan A Berger, Pamela B Davis, David C Kaelber, Rong Xu
Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug in the United States with more than 45 million users of whom one-third suffer from a cannabis use disorder (CUD). Despite its high prevalence, there are currently no FDA-approved medications for CUD. Patients treated with semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) approved for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) and for weight management have reported reduced desire to drink and smoke. Preclinical studies have shown that semaglutide decreased nicotine and alcohol consumption...
March 14, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485835/association-of-glucagon-like-peptide-receptor-1-agonist-therapy-with-the-presence-of-gastric-contents-in-fasting-patients-undergoing-endoscopy-under-anesthesia-care-a-historical-cohort-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fei Wu, Matthew R Smith, Ariel L Mueller, Seth A Klapman, Lucinda L Everett, Timothy Houle, Braden Kuo, Ion A Hobai
PURPOSE: We aimed to estimate the association of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist therapy with the incidence of endoscopically visible gastric contents after preprocedural fasting. METHODS: We reviewed the records of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) performed at our institution between 2019 and 2023 and determined the presence of residual gastric contents from the procedure notes and saved images. We compared patients taking GLP-1 agonists at the time of the procedure (GLP group, 90 procedures) with patients who started GLP-1 agonist therapy within 1,000 days after undergoing EGD (control, 102 procedures)...
March 14, 2024: Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484469/protecting-cardiomyocytes-from-hypoxia-reoxygenation-injury-empaglifozin-and-liraglutide-alone-or-in-combination
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesca Amici, Christian Ciarlo, Jenine Abumusallam, Madeline Kravitz, Angel-Rose Weber, Hanna Meister, Zhao Li
OBJECTIVES: Empagliflozin, a sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, and liraglutide, a GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, are commonly recognized for their cardiovascular benefits in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In prior studies, we have demonstrated that both drugs, alone or in combination, were able to protect cardiomyocytes from injury induced by diabetes. Mechanistic investigations also suggested that the cardioprotective effect may be independent of diabetes In this study, we utilized a hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model to investigate the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin and GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist liraglutide, both alone and in combination, in the absence of T2D...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483772/the-effect-of-canagliflozin-on-gut-microbiota-and-metabolites-in-type-2-diabetic-mice
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Zeng, Jideng Ma, Tiantian Wei, Hao Wang, Guitao Yang, Chongxiang Han, Tao Zhu, Haoming Tian, Min Zhang
BACKGROUND: Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) represent a new type of hypoglycemic medicine that can cause massive loss of glucose from the urine, which have several benefits of reducing body weight and improving the prognosis of cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Although they are oral medicated hypoglycemic agents, their effects on the gut microbiome and function have been unclear. OBJECTIVE: In order to describe the effects of canagliflozin on intestinal flora and metabolites, diabetic mice were randomized to receive canagliflozin or isoconcentration carboxymethylcellulose sodium by gavage for 8 weeks...
March 14, 2024: Genes & Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481208/secretion-of-glucagon-glp-1-and-gip-may-be-affected-by-circadian-rhythm-in-healthy-males
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dorte B Zilstorff, Michael M Richter, Jens Hannibal, Henrik L Jørgensen, Henriette P Sennels, Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
BACKGROUND: Glucagon is secreted from pancreatic alpha cells in response to low blood glucose and increases hepatic glucose production. Furthermore, glucagon enhances hepatic protein and lipid metabolism during a mixed meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are secreted from gut endocrine cells during meals and control glucose homeostasis by potentiating insulin secretion and inhibiting food intake. Both glucose homeostasis and food intake have been reported to be affected by circadian rhythms and vice versa...
March 14, 2024: BMC Endocrine Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478331/comparative-efficacy-of-drug-interventions-on-nafld-over-24-weeks-a-traditional-and-network-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#16
Yifan Wang, He Yi, Weixia Sun, Hekai Yu, Wenxuan Tao, Xiaojin Yu, Dianrong Jia, Yingzhao Liu, Stephen J Pandol, Ling Li
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), currently referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), affects approximately 38% of the world's population, yet no pharmacological therapies have been approved for treatment. We conducted a traditional and network meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of drug regimens on NAFLD, and continued to use the old terminology for consistency. METHODS: Randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) investigating drug therapy in an adult population diagnosed with NAFLD with or without diabetes mellitus were included...
March 13, 2024: Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477876/effects-of-a-bitter-substance-denatonium-benzoate-on-pancreatic-hormone-secretion
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weikun Huang, Stephanie E O'Hara, Cong Xie, Ning Liu, Christopher K Rayner, Lisa M Nicholas, Tongzhi Wu
There is increasing evidence linking bitter taste receptor (BTR) signalling to gut hormone secretion and glucose homeostasis. However, its effect on islet hormone secretion has been poorly characterised. This study investigated the effect of the bitter substance, denatonium benzoate (DB), on hormone secretion from mouse pancreatic islets and INS-1 832/13 cells. DB (0.5-1mM) augmented insulin secretion at both 2.8mM and 16.7mM glucose. This effect was no longer present at 5mM DB likely due to greater levels of cellular apoptosis...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477667/the-anti-emetic-actions-of-gip-receptor-agonism
#18
REVIEW
Tito Borner, Bart C De Jonghe, Matthew R Hayes
Nausea and vomiting are primitive aspects of mammalian physiology and behavior that ensure survival. Unfortunately, both are ubiquitously present side effects of drug treatments for many chronic diseases with negative consequences on pharmacotherapy tolerance, quality of life, and prognosis. One of the most critical clinical examples is the profound emesis and nausea that occur in patients undergoing chemotherapy, which continue to be among the most distressing side effects, even with the use of modern anti-emetic medications...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477666/incretin-and-glucagon-receptor-polypharmacology-in-chronic-kidney-disease
#19
REVIEW
Brandon E McFarlin, Kevin L Duffin, Anish Konkar
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In recent years, the kidney effects of incretin-based therapies, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), have garnered substantial interest in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. This review delves into the intricate interactions between the kidney, GLP-1RAs, and glucagon, shedding light on their mechanisms of action and potential kidney benefits. Both GLP-1 and glucagon, known for their opposing roles in regulating glucose homeostasis, improve systemic risk factors affecting the kidney, including adiposity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial function...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477183/oral-or-injectable-semaglutide-for-the-management-of-type-2-diabetes-in-routine-care-a-multicentre-observational-study-comparing-matched-cohorts
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gian Paolo Fadini, Benedetta Maria Bonora, Mariangela Ghiani, Roberto Anichini, Elena Melchionda, Bruno Fattor, Stefano Fazion, Giancarla Meregalli, Andrea Giaccari, Angelo Avogaro, Agostino Consoli
AIM: To investigate the real-world utilization and comparative clinical outcomes of injectable and oral semaglutide in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with the aim of enhancing understanding of the practical implications associated with choosing between these formulations. METHODS: New users of oral or injectable semaglutide were selected from a cohort of 14 079 initiators of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was employed to create balanced groups, ensuring comparability...
March 13, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
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