Pioglitazone AND bone

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is increasing exponentially worldwide. DMT2 patients have been found to be at a higher risk for bone fractures than the healthy population. Hence, improving our understanding of the impact of antidiabetic drugs on bone metabolism is crucial. METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective study involving 106 patients receiving six groups of antidiabetic drugs: insulin; dipeptidylpeptidase four inhibitors (DPP4i); glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptor agonists (GLP1ra); sulfonylureas; sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitors (SGLT2i); and pioglitazone, in which osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 1 or beta-crosslaps (β-CTx) were determined...

BACKGROUND: Our previous study investigated the levels of soluble growth factors in the conditioned media of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) pre-treated with thiazolidinedione solutions. The present study aimed to investigate the complex intracellular proteins extracted from BMSCs pre-treated with pioglitazone and/or rosiglitazone using proteomics. METHODS: The proliferative effect of the identified protein on MCF-7 cells that interacted non-adhesively with BMSCs pre-treated with pioglitazone and/or rosiglitazone was evaluated using cell culture inserts and conditioned media...

The immune escape stage in cancer immunoediting is a pivotal feature, transitioning immune-controlled tumor dormancy to progression, and augmenting invasion and metastasis. Tumors employ diverse mechanisms for immune escape, with generating immunosuppressive cells from skewed hematopoiesis being a crucial mechanism. This led us to suggest that tumor cells with immune escape properties produce factors that induce dysregulations in hematopoiesis. In support of this suggestion, this study found that mice bearing advanced-stage tumors exhibited dysregulated hematopoiesis characterized by the development of splenomegaly, anemia, extramedullary hematopoiesis, production of immunosuppressive mediators, and expanded medullary myelopoiesis...

Osteogenesis is caused by multiple factors, and the inflammatory response, osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), regeneration of blood vessels, and other factors must be considered in bone tissue engineering. To effectively repair bone defect, it is important to decrease excessive inflammation, enhance the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, and stimulate angiogenesis. Herein, nano-attapulgite (ATP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and gelatin (GEL) scaffolds were produced using 3D printing technology and pioglitazone (PIO)-containing polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanospheres were added...

Lobeglitazone is a newer oral hypoglycemic agent that has been tested in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aim to conduct a narrative review to find out the therapeutic benefits of lobeglitazone in patients with T2DM. We scientifically searched the electronic database of PubMed from inception until September 12, 2023, using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) keywords. Additionally, we searched for pre-clinical trials related to lobeglitazone. We retrieved all available results of phase 1 to phase 3 studies of lobeglitazone in T2DM...

Worldwide, three-quarters of a million babies are born extremely preterm (<28 weeks gestation) with devastating outcomes: 20% die in the newborn period, a further 35% develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and 10% suffer from cerebral palsy. Pioglitazone, a Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) agonist, may reduce the incidence of BPD and improve neurodevelopment in extreme preterm babies. Pioglitazone exerts an anti-inflammatory action mediated through Nuclear Factor-kappa B repression...

BACKGROUND: People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at high risk of fragility fractures; however, there are no randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of anti-osteoporosis drugs as a primary pre-specified endpoint in T2D. OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of anti-osteoporotic drugs in postmenopausal women with T2D. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, open, blinded endpoint clinical pilot trial. METHODS: Postmenopausal women (⩾50 years) with T2D (duration ⩾5 years), HbA1c 7-10%, eGFR ⩾45 mL/min/1...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease, characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin action. The current study was designed to assess the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) alone and in combination with pioglitazone (Pz) or exendin-4 (Ex) in high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. METHODS: The rats were subjected to the HFD for three weeks before being injected with a single low dosage of STZ (35 mg/kg bw)...

OBJECTIVE: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis, which increase with age, are two common diseases with different complications. The risk of fractures due to osteoporosis is 2 to 6 times higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Medications used in the treatment of DM in addition to the disease itself are associated with the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. This study was planned to examine the effects of pioglitazone and dapagliflozin, used in the treatment of T2DM, on the development of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women...

INTRODUCTION: The maturation faith of dendritic cells is restrained by the inflammatory environment and cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and its downstream component. Therefore, introducing the suitable antigen to dendritic cells is crucial. However, reducing the severity of the suppressive tumor microenvironment is indispensable. The present study examined the combination therapy of lymphocyte antigen 6 family member E (LY6E) pulsed mature dendritic cells (LPMDCs) and pioglitazone against colorectal cancer (CRC) to elevate the effectiveness of cancer treatment through probable role of pioglitazone on inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 pathway...

INTRODUCTION: Treatment-free remission (TFR) is successful in half of the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who discontinue Imatinib (IM) after sustained molecular response. METHODS: In a prospective trial, we used pioglitazone for 3 months before stopping IM in 30 patients. Percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were assessed before and after treatment. The relation of these data with duration of IM treatment and TRF were examined. RESULTS: The median time of IM treatment was 117...

Decreased circulating adiponectin levels are associated with an increased risk of human metabolic diseases. The chemical-mediated upregulation of adiponectin biosynthesis has been proposed as a novel therapeutic approach to managing hypoadiponectinemia-associated diseases. In preliminary screening, the natural flavonoid chrysin ( 1 ) exhibited adiponectin secretion-inducing activity during adipogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). Here, we provide the 7-prenylated chrysin derivatives, chrysin 5-benzyl-7-prenylether compound 10 and chrysin 5,7-diprenylether compound 11 , with the improved pharmacological profile compared with chrysin ( 1 )...

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in elderly people has expanded rapidly. Considering cognitive impairment and being prone to hypoglycemia of the elder, the pros and cons of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) should be reassessed in this population. Pioglitazone might be appropriate for elderly DM patients because of its insulin-sensitizing effect and low risk of hypoglycemia. By using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, 191,937 types 2 diabetes patients aged ≥65 years under treatment between 2005 and 2013 were identified and further divided into two groups according to whether they received pioglitazone (pioglitazone group) or other OHAs (non-pioglitazone group) in the 3 months preceding their first outpatient visit date after 65 years of age, with a diagnosis of T2DM...

BACKGROUND: Fragility fractures are increasingly recognized as a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The FRAX-Port® is a calculation tool that assesses the 10-year risk of either major and hip fracture, integrating several clinical risk factors, including T2DM. We aimed to evaluate the fracture risk in adults with T2DM and determine the rate of patients at high risk for fracture under anti-osteoporotic therapy. METHODS: We developed a cross-sectional study, including a convenience sample of adults with T2DM, followed in our tertiary center between 2019 and 2022...

BACKGROUND: A "mismatch" sequence of less prenatal weight gain and more postnatal weight gain may lead to ectopic lipid accumulation, and trigger the development of early adrenarche/pubarche and the activation of the gonadotropic axis resulting in early puberty and ending up in full-blown adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In the present study, we assess whether a low-dose combination of generics that collectively reduce ectopic fat through different pathways can slow down the accelerated maturation in "mismatch" girls with early puberty...

AIM: Our study aimed to examine the effects of Linagliptin, Pioglitazone, and their combination on fracture healing in a diabetes rat femur fracture model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induced rats were randomly divided into four groups: non-treated diabetes group (TD), Pioglitazone group (P), Linagliptin group (L), and Pioglitazone and Linagliptin group (PL). Daily oral dosage of pioglitazone (10 mg/kg/day), linagliptin (10 mg/kg/day), and their combination were administered...

The clinically used glitazones (rosiglitazone and pioglitazone) for type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy have been linked to serious side effects such as fluid retention, congestive heart failure, weight gain, bone loss, and an increased risk of bladder cancer. The complete activation of PPAR-γ receptors in target tissues is linked to these effects. Many studies have demonstrated that partial PPAR-γ activators (GW0072, PAT5A, GQ16) give equivalent therapeutic benefits to full PPAR-γ agonists without the associated side effects...

OBJECTIVE: The use of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) as insulin sensitizers has been shown to have side effects including increased accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) associated with a higher fracture risk and bone loss. A novel TZD analog MSDC-0602K with low affinity to PPARγ has been developed to reduce adverse effects of TZD therapy. However, the effect of MSDC-0602K on bone phenotype and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in relation to obesity has not been intensively studied yet...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial inflammation, synoviocyte expansion and damage to cartilage and bone. We recently reported that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ inhibited the proliferation and activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), and was downregulated in RA synovial. In this study we investigated the role of PPAR-γ in RA and the underlying mechanisms. Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) was induced in rats; from D15, AIA rats were orally administered pioglitazone (30 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) or rosiglitazone (4 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) for 14 days...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and osteoporosis are two highly prevalent metabolic diseases. Increasing experimental evidence supports a pathophysiological link between NAFLD and osteoporosis. A key feature could be chronic, low-grade inflammation, which characterizes NAFLD and possibly affects bone metabolism. In this context, several factors, including but not limited to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin and osteocalcin, may serve as mediators. In the clinical setting, most but not all epidemiological evidence indicates that NAFLD is associated with lower bone mineral density or osteoporosis in adults...