Shivakumar

The Phyllanthus genus is very important plant traded as a raw herbal medicine in India. Commonly known as 'Bhumyamalaki' (Phyllanthus species) has been used for the prevention and treatment of jaundice. Phyllanthus is rich in diversity of bioactive compounds such as lignans, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins. Among some metabolites such as phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, 8, 9-epoxy brevifolin, brevifolin, quercetin, gallic acid, elagic acid, and brevifolin carboxylate have been shown to have hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity found in this genus...

BACKGROUND: Despite substantial breakthroughs in instrumentation systems and pharmaceutical interventions, pain following endodontic therapy remains a serious concern. The effect of the type of endodontic instrumentation system in post-operative pain after endodontic therapy has been a matter of debate. AIM: To evaluate different endodontic instrumentation systems, namely Reciproc (GmbH, Munich), OneShape® (MicroMega, France), Protaper Gold (Dentsply Sirona, USA), and Hyflex® EDM (Coltène/Whaledent Inc...

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy affects ∼60 million people worldwide. Most antiseizure medications in the market act on voltage-gated sodium or calcium channels, indirectly modulating neurotransmitter GABA or glutamate levels or multiple targets. Earlier studies made significant efforts to directly deliver GABA into the brain with varied success. Herein, we have hypothesized to directly deliver exogenous GABA to the brain with epilepsy through extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human GABA-producing cells and their progenitors as EVs largely mimic their parent cell composition...

Objective In light of several advancements and considerations in endodontic dentistry, there still remains a need to comprehensively evaluate the outcome disparities between repairing and replacing broken dental restorations. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of repairing dental restorations versus replacing them, focusing on how each method affects the structural strength and longevity of the restorations. Methods The study included 60 freshly removed human maxillary premolars. Initial processing involved rigorous washing, descaling, and polishing of the teeth...

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. While many factors like smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, a sedentary lifestyle, and genetic factors can predispose to cardiovascular diseases, the natural process of aging is by itself a major determinant of the risk. Cardiac aging is marked by a conglomerate of cellular and molecular changes, exacerbated by age-driven decline in cardiac regeneration capacity. Although the phenotypes of cardiac aging are well characterised, the underlying molecular mechanisms are far less explored...

INTRODUCTION: Both the population's average life expectancy and the number of patients without teeth are rising. A 2012 epidemiological survey in India found that 30% of the population is edentulous. The rehabilitation process with a set of removable maxillary and mandibular complete dentures is the standard treatment for patients who are edentulous. This study is the first to incorporate and compare a novel approach to a single implant-retained mandibular overdenture with a bar attachment fabricated by CAD-CAM and a casting process on a single implant in the symphysis region...

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to determine the relationship between right ventricular (RV) function and clinical variables and prognosis in individuals with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) utilizing strain imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational research involving 150 patients who had been admitted with AMI was carried out. Utilizing two-dimensional speckle-tracking strain imaging, RV function was assessed. Age, sex, risk factors, and comorbidities were recorded as clinical parameters...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether there is a connection between polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)-affected women's levels of the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and certain cardiometabolic indicators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To find pertinent recent research published between 2017 and 2023, a thorough search was done in PubMed. Studies were included if they looked into the relationship between PCOS-related women's AMH levels and cardiometabolic markers...

INTRODUCTION: Dentures aim to replicate natural dentition's esthetics and functions as much as possible. With computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, dentistry had a new renaissance with workflow and materials. AIM: The aim is to compare the fracture toughness of the milled, 3D-printed, and conventional polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to those processed conventionally. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 CAD MILLED PMMA BLOCKS, 10 3D PRINTED PMMA BLOCKS, and 10 CONVENTIONAL (HEAT CURE) PMMA BLOCKS...

The energy transition will have significant mineral demands and there is growing interest in recovering critical metals, including rare earth elements (REE), from secondary sources in aqueous and sedimentary environments. However, the role of clays in REE transport and deposition in these settings remains understudied. This work investigated REE adsorption to the clay minerals illite and kaolinite through pH adsorption experiments and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). Clay type, pH, and ionic strength (IS) affected adsorption, with decreased adsorption under acidic pH and elevated IS...

How to cite this article: Panda BK, Suryawanshi VR, Attarde G, Borkar N, Iyer S, Shah J. Author Response. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(4):408-409.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

There are diverse phenotypes of castration-resistant prostate cancer, including neuroendocrine disease, that vary in their sensitivity to drug treatment. The efficacy of BET and CBP/p300 inhibitors in prostate cancer is attributed, at least in part, to their ability to decrease androgen receptor (AR) signalling. However, the activity of BET and CBP/p300 inhibitors in prostate cancers that lack the AR is unclear. In this study, we showed that BRD4, CBP, and p300 were co-expressed in AR-positive and AR-null prostate cancer...

Marjolijn's ulcer is a malignant ulcer in a burn scar. Types of malignancy are squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Soft tissue sarcoma case reports indicate only one type of cancer. We present a patient in her 60s with a 10-year-old burn scar developing a biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma on the lateral aspect of the left thigh with metastatic superficial inguinal node. A wide excision and grafting of ulcer with ilioinguinal dissection done on left side. On the 12th postoperative day 2, subcutaneous swellings adjacent to the grafted area developed, on biopsy revealed to be pleomorphic sarcoma...

INTRODUCTION: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by low platelet counts and increased risk of bleeding. After corticosteroids with or without intravenous immune globulin (first-line treatment), second-line treatment options include rituximab, splenectomy, thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), and fostamatinib. In Canada, the choice of second-line therapy is influenced by access to medications. The goals of this narrative review are to 1) summarize the evidence for the use of TPO-RAs and other second-line therapies in ITP and 2) highlight differences in public funding criteria for TPO-RAs across provinces and territories in Canada...

Background The disinfection of dental impression materials is a cornerstone of infection control in dental practice. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two disinfectants, sodium hypochlorite and iodophor, on alginate and silicone impression materials, which are prone to microbial contamination. Methods The study was structured into two main groups based on the impression material: Group I (alginate) and Group II (addition silicone), each further subdivided into two subgroups for disinfection with sodium hypochlorite and iodophor...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that lifestyle/environmental factors could accelerate the development of age-related hearing loss (ARHL). However, there has not yet been a study investigating the joint association among genetics, lifestyle/environmental factors, and adherence to healthy lifestyle for risk of ARHL. We aimed to assess the association between ARHL genetic variants, lifestyle/environmental factors, and adherence to healthy lifestyle as pertains to risk of ARHL. METHODS: This case-control study included 376,464 European individuals aged 40 to 69 years, enrolled between 2006 and 2010 in the UK Biobank (UKBB)...

BACKGROUND: This report is based on a 2023 nationwide survey and literature review of physician associates/assistants (PAs) in India. The National Commission for Allied and Healthcare Professions Act, 2021, which is being implemented in India, included guidelines for PA licensing, creating a unified national curriculum, and preventing malpractice. METHODS: Using a purposive sampling strategy, we surveyed 536 PAs in India between February 10 and April 30, 2023. The survey collected data on demographics, academic qualifications, specialties, salaries, job satisfaction, and future outlooks through an online questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: This review aimed to comprehensively investigate the impact of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) on implant osseointegration and bone loss. The study considered factors such as HRT type, osteoporosis, smoking, and diabetes mellitus, and analysed the available literature to provide insights into the association between HRT and implant outcomes. METHODS: Multiple databases were utilized, and studies with diverse designs and methodologies were included that examined the relationship between HRT and implant osseointegration...

UNLABELLED: There is still equipoise for the routine use of intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) for thyroid surgeries; however, some surgeons tend to use it for various reasons. In our study, we did a national survey to assess the patterns and practice of the use of IONM among surgeons during thyroid surgery in India. A questionnaire survey was sent to surgeons (head and neck surgical oncologists, general surgical oncologists, endocrine surgeons and otolaryngologists) in different zones in India via email, and their responses were analysed...