Preeclampsy

Hypotension is frequent in pregnant women; nevertheless, its association with pregnancy complications and birth outcomes has not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the possible association of hypotension in pregnant women with pregnancy complications and with the risk for preterm birth, low birthweight and different congenital abnormalities (CAs) in the children of these mothers in the population-based data set of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of CAs, 1980-1996. Prospectively and medically recorded hypotension was evaluated in 537 pregnant women who later had offspring with CAs (case group) and 1268 pregnant women with hypotension who later delivered newborn infants without CAs (control group); controls were matched to sex and birth week of cases (in the year when cases were born), in addition to residence of mothers...

Minimal data exist concerning the relationship between hypertensive pregnancy disorders and various subsequent cardiovascular events and the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on these. In a registry-based cohort study, we identified women delivering in Denmark from 1978 to 2007 with a first singleton (n=782 287) and 2 first consecutive singleton deliveries (n=536 419). The exposures were gestational hypertension and mild and severe preeclampsia. We adjusted for preterm delivery, small for gestational age, placental abruption, and stillbirth and, in a second model, we also adjusted for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus...

Proteomic technologies represent new strategies towards high-throughput, simultaneous analysis of thousands of biological molecules leading to the discovery of biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of pregnancy outcome. Proteomics have additional relevance in understanding pathophysiology and the development of molecularly targeted therapeutics. Comparison of normal human amniotic fluid proteome with that coming from pregnancies carrying fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities facilitated the detection of panels of potential biomarkers for prenatal detection of fetal aneuploidies...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical aptitude in preeclampsy and eclampsy attention in medical personnel that work in first level of attention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, prospective comparative study was performed to compare the clinical aptitude in pre-eclampsy and eclampsy attention in family practice physicians. A questionnaire comprising four clinical real cases, that belong to maternal death cases developed in the previous year of the study, was applied to 77 doctors that work at a familiar medicine unit...

OBJECTIVE: To study subsequent pregnancy outcome in women with severe, very early onset preeclampsia (onset before 24 weeks' gestation) and to analyze cardiovascular risk profiles of these women and their partners. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty women with preeclampsia with an onset before 24 weeks' gestation, admitted between 1 January 1993 and 31 December 2002 at a tertiary university referral center, were enrolled in the study. Data on subsequent pregnancies were obtained from medical records...

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia-eclampsia is a hypertensive disease of pregnancy with systemic complications. Studies regarding ultrasonographic characteristics of biliary gallbladder are limited. We undertook this study to determine the ultrasonographic biliary gallbladder characteristics in patients with preeclampsia-eclampsia. METHODS: This was a case series comprised of 115 women studied who were diagnosed with preeclampsia-eclampsia during pregnancy or the postpartum period...

OBJECTIVE: Excess soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), and reduced placental growth factor (PlGF) mediate the genesis of preeclampsia. Cigarette smoking reduces the risk of preeclampsia. We hypothesized that placental secretion of sFlt-1 and PlGF was affected by exposure to cigarette smoke extract. STUDY DESIGN: Term placental villous explants were cultured with cigarette smoke extract. Media were analyzed for sFlt-1 and PlGF...

The aim of investigation was to study the influence of obesity on the development of cholelithiasis and chronic cholecystitis in pregnant patients. The type of investigation was case-control study. Inclusion criteria were cholelithiasis and chronic cholecystitis. Exclusion criteria were severe maternal diseases (preeclampsy, eclampsy, haemorrhagia) during pregnancy and in past. The main group consisted of 30 cases. For each case 2-4 pregnant patients served as control. Obesity was assessed by body mass index (BMI), and visceral obesity before pregnancy--by waist circumference (WC, criterium of WC>88 cm)...

The objective of the study was to explore the association between birth spacing and risk of adverse maternal outcomes. The study was a systematic review of observational studies that examined the relationship between interpregnancy or birth intervals and adverse maternal outcomes. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, long interpregnancy intervals, possibly longer than 5 years, are independently associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. There is emerging evidence that women with long interpregnancy intervals are at increased risk for labor dystocia and that short intervals are associated with increased risks of uterine rupture in women attempting a vaginal birth after previous cesarean delivery and uteroplacental bleeding disorders (placental abruption and placenta previa)...

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that cardiac function would be reduced in a pregnant rat model of preeclampsia induced by L-NAME, a NOS inhibitor, and be reversed with magnesium sulfate prophylaxis. STUDY DESIGN: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were bred in-house. On gestational day 17, rats were anesthetized and osmotic minipumps were implanted to continuously deliver saline, L-NAME, or L-NAME and MgSO4. On gestational day 21, hearts were isolated and perfused in the working mode using Krebs Henseleit buffer...

PURPOSE: Studies have shown that absolute intensity of physical activity is associated with reduced risk of preeclampsia. This analysis was performed to examine whether relative intensity may also be related to preeclampsia risk. METHODS: Using data from a case-control study conducted from 1998 to 2002, the authors assessed the relation between perceived exertion (i.e., relative intensity) during usual recreational physical activity in the year before pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia...

Two cases of pulmonary oedema during beta 2-adrenergic agonist therapy in pre-eclampsia pregnant patients are reported. In our first case, the pulmonary oedema was exceptionally severe, because the patient (twins at 26 SA) had to be intubated and ventilated, but the caesarean section was performed only 6 weeks later. These two clinical observations underline the fact that B2 adrenergic agonist are not indicated for the treatment of preeclampsy. Furthermore they suggest that such patients should be rapidly admitted to intensive care units...

BACKGROUND: Water retention in a pregnant woman can mirror fetal hydropic changes. This clinical presentation has been named "mirror syndrome." Awareness of the syndrome is important due to the associated fetal and maternal risks. CASE: A 26-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 1011, presented at 31 weeks' gestation with significant edema and a 7-km weight gain in one week. Sonographic evaluation revealed hydramnios and fetal ascites. Maternal workup was negative for preeclampsia, diabetes, or cardiac or renal dysfunction...

With the objective to assess the prognostic value of office values as compared with ambulatory monitoring in pregnancy, we analyzed 2430 blood pressure series systematically sampled from 403 untreated pregnant women for 48 consecutive hours every 4 weeks from the first visit to the hospital until delivery. Women were divided into 5 groups: "detected" gestational hypertension, women with office blood pressures >140/90 mm Hg after 20 weeks of gestation and hyperbaric index (area of blood pressure excess above the upper limit of a time-specified tolerance interval) consistently above the threshold for diagnosing hypertension in pregnancy; "undetected" gestational hypertension, office values <140/90 mm Hg but hyperbaric index above the threshold for diagnosis; normotension, both office values and hyperbaric index below the thresholds for diagnosis; white coat hypertension, women with recorded diagnosis of gestational hypertension but hyperbaric index consistently below the threshold for diagnosis; and preeclampsia, defined as gestational hypertension and proteinuria...

The authors report a retrospective study of 105 observations of gestational trophoblastic diseases managed at the university clinic of obstetric gynecology I (Pr Chaoui). Of this study, one listed 72 cases of complete mole hydatiforme with 5 cases of sacrofetal pregnancy. The invasive mole is found in 4 cases and the choriocarcinoma in 24 cases. The general frequency of this pathology is of 1/770 pregnancies. The age of our patients varies from 15 to 52 years with an average age 27 years and the multiparity is found in 50% of the cases...

OBJECTIVE: We examined whether maternal body mass index (BMI) during prepregnancy is useful for prediction of maternal preeclampsia in twin pregnancies. METHODS: We studied 250 dichorionic twin pregnancies and 3196 singleton pregnancies. Maternal BMI was calculated during prepregnancy in both twin and singleton pregnancies. The incidence of maternal preeclampsia was compared among three groups, low-BMI [< -1.5 standard deviations (SD)], normal-BMI, and high-BMI (> + 1...

BACKGROUND: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical utility of serum uric acid measurements in the hypertension diseases of pregnancy. METHODS: We identified 286 women and categorized them into three diagnostic groups according to definitions of hypertensive diseases in pregnancy published by the National Working Group on Hypertension in Pregnancy: pre-eclampsia (94), transient hypertension (102) and normal (90). We compared the median uric acid concentration for each group and calculated the sensitivities and the specificities in diagnosing pre-eclampsia...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether preeclampsia is associated with an increase in placental apoptosis and differential expression of mediators of apoptosis. METHODS: Placental samples from 31 preeclamptic women and 31 normotensive controls were analyzed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling staining. Expression of Fas, Fas ligand, Bcl-2, and Bax was assessed using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The median percent apoptotic nuclei was significantly higher for the study group than for the controls (0...

OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to identify medical, obstetrical and social risk factors associated with early preterm births (<32+0 gestational weeks). STUDY DESIGN: The Statewide Perinatal Survey of Bavaria is a collection of perinatal data from all Bavarian maternity units using a uniform numbered questionnaire. Data on 106345 singleton births from the 1994 Survey were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In the multivariate analysis, early preterm birth was associated with premature rupture of the membranes (odds ratio (OR) 1...

OBJECTIVE: We assessed several variables as predictors for pre-eclampsia risk in a group of women at high risk. STUDY DESIGN: We studied 2503 women with either diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, multifetal gestation, or pre-eclampsia in a previous pregnancy who participated in a multicenter study comparing aspirin and placebo in preventing pre-eclampsia. We evaluated multiple variables for predicting pre-eclampsia risk with use of univariate and multivariable analysis...