keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34278311/-clostridioides-difficile-associated-atypical-hemolytic-uremic-syndrome-successfully-treated-with-eculizumab-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#21
Michael N Moulton, Carl L Kay, Joshua T Romain, Benjamin D Morrow, Gilda M Bobele
Clostridioides difficile infection is a rare precipitant for patients to develop atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome, of which the pathogenesis remains unclear. Previous reports suggest activation of cytokine storm from binding of cyotoxins A and B to colonic wall membranes. CASE SUMMARY: We present a case of a previously healthy 21-year-old woman who developed fulminant C. difficile colitis and atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome requiring abdominal surgery and renal replacement therapy...
July 2021: Critical care explorations
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34263258/hospitalized-older-patients-with-clostridioides-difficile-infection-refractory-to-conventional-antibiotic-therapy-benefit-from-fecal-microbiota-transplant
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jae Hyun Shin, Rachel Ann Hays, Cirle Alcantara Warren
BACKGROUND: Options for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) refractory to conventional therapy are limited. Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is considered safe and effective treatment for recurrent CDI and could be a treatment option for refractory CDI. We investigated the efficacy and safety of FMT in hospitalized patients who were not responding to standard treatments for CDI. METHODS: Electronic medical records of patients who received FMT inpatient for refractory CDI were reviewed as part of quality improvement efforts to evaluate safety and efficacy of FMT in inpatient setting...
2021: Advances in geriatric medicine and research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34101061/community-acquired-fulminant-clostridioides-clostridium-difficile-infection-by-ribotype-027-isolate-in-japan-a-case-report
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masayuki Hiraki, Rei Suzuki, Nobuo Tanaka, Hiroki Fukunaga, Yoshinori Kinoshita, Hayato Kimura, Shusaku Tsutsui, Masaru Murata, Shunji Morita
BACKGROUND: Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI) has become an increasingly significant disease not only as healthcare-associated infection, but also as community-acquired (CA) infection worldwide. CDI caused by the NAP1/BI/027 strain is reported to be more severe, difficult to cure, and frequently associated with recurrences in North America and Europe. CASE PRESENTATION: A 68-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for continuous lower abdominal pain 4 weeks after eradication therapy against Helicobacter pylori...
June 8, 2021: Surgical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33842139/fulminant-pseudomembranous-colitis-leading-to-clostridium-paraputrificum-bacteremia
#24
Asim Haider, Fareeha Alavi, Ayesha Siddiqa, Hafsa Abbas, Harish Patel
Clostridium  species are spore-forming gram-positive anaerobic rod bacteria that cause a broad range of infections in humans, including intra-abdominal infections, myonecrosis, and bacteremia. Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is a severe form of infection caused by  Clostridioides   difficile .   Clostridial   bacteremia usually occurs in the settings of neutropenia, alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, sickle cell anemia, malignancy, hemodialysis, inflammatory bowel disease, and AIDS. We report a case of fulminant PMC leading to  C...
March 8, 2021: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33770398/clostridium-difficile-diagnosis-and-the-consequence-of-over-diagnosis
#25
REVIEW
Helen S Lee, Kamryn Plechot, Shruti Gohil, Jennifer Le
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections, accounting for significant disease burden and mortality. The clinical spectrum of C. difficile ranges from asymptomatic colonization to toxic megacolon and fulminant colitis. CDI is characterized by new onset of ≥ 3 unformed stools in 24 h and is confirmed by laboratory test for the presence of toxigenic C. difficile. Currently, laboratory tests to diagnose CDI include toxigenic culture, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), and toxins A/B enzyme immunoassay (EIA)...
June 2021: Infectious Diseases and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33609944/determining-the-optimal-surgical-timing-of-fulminant-clostridium-difficile-colitis-by-using-four-objective-factors-and-computed-tomography-findings-a-case-report
#26
Shima Asano, Morihiro Katsura
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Clostridium difficile colitis is increasingly seen in everyday clinical situations, and most cases are treated with antibiotics. Fulminant C. difficile colitis (FCDC) is rare; however, it is extremely virulent, and understanding its appropriate surgical treatment is critical. The surgical timing is controversial because of the lack of concrete decision-making factors. We report a case of FCDC with a favourable outcome, which was achieved by using four objective factors and computed tomography (CT) findings...
March 2021: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33284670/diverting-loop-ileostomy-for-clostridium-difficile-colitis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam D Shellito, Marcia M Russell
Diverting loop ileostomy (DLI) with colonic lavage has been proposed as an alternative to total abdominal colectomy (TAC) for fulminant Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Controversy exists regarding the mortality benefit and outcomes of this surgical approach. We conducted a MEDLINE database search for articles between 1999 and 2019 pertaining to DLI for the surgical treatment of CDI. Five articles met the inclusion criteria. Four studies were retrospective and one was a prospective matched cohort study...
October 2020: American Surgeon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32649468/colon-involvement-in-necrotizing-pancreatitis-incidence-risk-factors-and-outcomes
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas K Maatman, Megan E Nicolas, Alexandra M Roch, Kyle A Lewellen, Hayder H Al-Azzawi, Eugene P Ceppa, Michael G House, Attila Nakeeb, Christian M Schmidt, Nicholas J Zyromski
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of colon involvement in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis. SUMMARY/BACKGROUND DATA: Necrotizing pancreatitis is characterized by a profound inflammatory response with local and systemic implications. Mesocolic involvement can compromise colonic blood supply leading to ischemic complications; however, few data exist regarding this problem. We hypothesized that the development of colon involvement in necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) negatively affects morbidity and mortality...
March 1, 2022: Annals of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31822448/fatal-fulminant-clostridioides-difficile-colitis-caused-by-helicobacter-pylori-eradication-therapy-a-case-report
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takahito Nei, Jun Hagiwara, Toru Takiguchi, Shoji Yokobori, Kim Shiei, Hiroyuki Yokota, Mitsutoshi Senoh, Haru Kato
A 74-year-old male was referred to our critical care department for refractory severe watery diarrhea with advanced leukocytosis (over 70,000/μl) after multiple administrations of eradication therapy against Helicobacter pylori (HP). He was diagnosed as having fulminant colitis due to Clostridioides difficile after antimicrobial eradication therapy. He was given intravenous metronidazole and oral vancomycin. He also received supportive therapy including continuous hemodiafiltration for severe metabolic acidosis...
December 7, 2019: Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy: Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31793457/-clostridium-difficile-infection-is-there-a-change-in-the-underlying-factors-inflammatory-bowel-disease-and-clostridium-difficile
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sibel Bolukcu, Ismail Necati Hakyemez, Bilge Sumbul Gultepe, Gulay Okay, Bulent Durdu, Meliha Meric Koc, Turan Aslan
BACKGROUND / AIMS: Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, strict anaerobe, spore-forming bacterium. It can cause self-limiting mild diarrhea, severe diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, and fatal fulminant colitis. We aimed to investigate the changes in epidemiology and incidence of C. difficile infection in our hospital database. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Episodes of C. difficile toxin were identified in hospital database, and data such as age, sex, community versus hospital acquisition, intensive care follow-up, current or previous treatments with antibiotics within the past 3 months, medication with proton pump inhibitors, or immunosuppressive therapies were collected...
November 2019: Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology: Official Journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31776146/atypical-presentation-of-clostridioides-difficile-pseudomembranous-colitis-with-laboratory-rejection-of-stool-specimen
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Tung, Rachel Hays
Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium ) difficile is a major cause of nocosomial infection in the USA and worldwide. It has a wide spectrum of presentation, ranging from an asymptomatic carrier state to fulminant colitis. Pseudomembranous colitis is a manifestation of severe C. difficile infection (CDI), typically with progressive symptoms including watery diarrhoea, abdominal cramping and fevers and elevated white cell count and/or creatinine. It is diagnosed on three levels, including clinical assessment, stool assays and visualisation of the colonic mucosa...
November 26, 2019: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31281753/an-unusual-presentation-of-pseudomembranous-colitis
#32
Shabana Abdul Jabbar, Sudharsanan Sundaramurthi, T P Elamurugan, Mangala Goneppanavar, Vishnu Prasad Nelamangala Ramakrishnaiah
Pseudomembranous colitis, also called antibiotic-associated colitis, is caused by the gram-positive anaerobic bacterium Clostridium difficile (C.difficile) . The infection is common in elderly patients on chronic antibiotic use and in immunosuppressed patients. We report a rare case of pseudomembranous colitis in a 49-year-old male who presented with cramping abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and loose stools, without any pre-existing immunosuppression or chronic drug intake. The computed tomography (CT) picture was suggestive of fulminant ulcerative colitis and the patient underwent total colectomy in view of severe disease...
April 30, 2019: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31268492/trends-in-diverting-loop-ileostomy-vs-total-abdominal-colectomy-as-surgical-management-for-clostridium-difficile-colitis
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yen-Yi Juo, Yas Sanaiha, Ziyad Jabaji, Peyman Benharash
Importance: Diverting loop ileostomy and colonic lavage has generated much interest since it was first reported as a potential alternative to total abdominal colectomy for treating Clostridium difficile colitis in 2011. To our knowledge, few studies have validated the benefit reported in the initial description, and the association of this new approach with practice patterns has not been described. Objective: To examine the national adoption pattern and outcomes of diverting loop ileostomy vs total abdominal colectomy as treatment for fulminant C difficile colitis...
October 1, 2019: JAMA Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31113737/genomic-investigation-of-a-sequence-type-67-clostridium-difficile-causing-community-acquired-fulminant-colitis-in-hong-kong
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huiluo Cao, Sally Cheuk-Ying Wong, Wing-Cheong Yam, Melissa Chun-Jiao Liu, Kin-Hung Chow, Alan Ka-Lun Wu, Pak-Leung Ho
In 2017, we identified a Clostridium difficile strain HKCD4 that caused community-acquired fulminant colitis in a previously healthy child. Phylogenetically, it belonged to clade 2, sequence type 67 and was resistant to fluoroquinolone and tetracycline. The strain was pathogenicity locus and binary toxin positive. It has a mutation in the trehalose repressor treR leading to the L172I substitution that was previously reported in the epidemic ribotype 027 lineage. HKCD4 has a tcdB sequence that shared very high identities with 3 highly virulent reference strains...
July 2019: International Journal of Medical Microbiology: IJMM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31058234/esophageal-perforations-one-is-bad-two-is-worse
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dustin Price, David Skarupa
A 48-year-old man was admitted for medical management of recurrent Clostridium difficile (C-dif) colitis. One month prior to presentation, he underwent right thoracotomy and lower lobectomy for a carcinoid tumor at another hospital. His postoperative course was complicated by C-dif colitis, gastroesophageal reflux, and epigastric pain. He underwent two esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedures demonstrating mild esophagitis on the first procedure, followed by a linear ulcer on the second procedure 2 weeks later...
2019: Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30900947/evaluation-of-rectal-vancomycin-irrigation-for-treatment-of-clostridioides-difficile-infection-in-patients-post-colectomy-for-toxic-colitis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan E Feeney, Molly Thompson, Anthony T Gerlach, Amy Rushing, David C Evans, Daniel S Eiferman, Claire V Murphy
BACKGROUND: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) accounts for as many as 25% of episodes of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and is the most common cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea. Rectal vancomycin irrigation is a therapy option; however, evidence is limited for its value post-colectomy. The objective of this study was to describe outcomes of patients who underwent total colectomy for fulminant C. difficile colitis and received rectal vancomycin post-operatively. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective chart review of adult patients who underwent total colectomy for fulminant CDI...
March 22, 2019: Surgical Infections
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30826445/dietary-therapy-for-clostridium-difficile-colonization-a-case-series
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David L Suskind, Dale Lee, Peggy Solan, Ghassan Wahbeh, Hillary Hayden, Mitch Brittnacher, Mason Nuding, Samuel Miller
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is an important nosocomial pathogen in adults and children. Roughly 4-5% of non hospitalized healthy adults carry the organism in their intestinal flora while adults in long term care facilities have asymptomatic carriage rates estimated at 20-50%. C. difficile colonization results in a spectrum of clinical conditions from asymptomatic carrier state to fulminant colitis. Changes in the fecal microbiome are central in the development of C. difficile colonization and disease pathogenesis...
June 2019: Anaerobe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30767176/community-acquired-fulminant-colitis-caused-by-binary-toxin-producing-clostridium-difficile-in-japan
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noriaki Oguri, Akihito Sakuraba, Hiromu Morikubo, Oki Kikuchi, Taro Sato, Soutaro Tokunaga, Shintaro Minowa, Osamu Ikezaki, Tatsuya Mitsui, Miki Miura, Daisuke Saito, Mari Hayashida, Hideaki Mori, Takako Osaki, Shigeru Kamiya, Mitsutoshi Senoh, Haru Kato, Tadakazu Hisamatsu
We report a case of community-acquired fulminant colitis caused by Clostridium difficile in Japan. A 46-year-old woman was diagnosed with severe infectious enterocolitis and was admitted at another hospital. The stool culture was positive for toxigenic C. difficile. Since the patient presented with fulminant C. difficile infection (CDI) with toxic megacolon, respiratory insufficiency, and circulatory failure, she was transferred to Kyorin University Hospital for intensive care. Intubation and antibiotic therapy were performed...
February 14, 2019: Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30576368/heme-sensing-and-detoxification-by-hatrt-contributes-to-pathogenesis-during-clostridium-difficile-infection
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reece J Knippel, Joseph P Zackular, Jessica L Moore, Arianna I Celis, Andy Weiss, M Kay Washington, Jennifer L DuBois, Richard M Caprioli, Eric P Skaar
Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacterium that infects the colon, causing symptoms ranging from infectious diarrhea to fulminant colitis. In the last decade, the number of C. difficile infections has dramatically risen, making it the leading cause of reported hospital acquired infection in the United States. Bacterial toxins produced during C. difficile infection (CDI) damage host epithelial cells, releasing erythrocytes and heme into the gastrointestinal lumen. The reactive nature of heme can lead to toxicity through membrane disruption, membrane protein and lipid oxidation, and DNA damage...
December 2018: PLoS Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30285209/clostridioides-difficile-infection
#40
REVIEW
Alice Y Guh, Preeta K Kutty
Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) infection is the most frequently identified health care-associated infection in the United States. C difficile has also emerged as a cause of community-associated diarrhea, resulting in increased incidence of community-associated infection. Clinical illness ranges in severity from mild diarrhea to fulminant colitis and death. Appropriate management of infection requires understanding of the various diagnostic assays and therapeutic options as well as relevant measures to infection prevention...
October 2, 2018: Annals of Internal Medicine
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