Testosterone Cypionate

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the number of transgender people is on the rise. Hormone replacement therapy may be associated with the development of adverse effects, including kidney disease. Objective: To report the case of a transgender patient using hormone therapy who developed CKD. Case Report: Male transgender patient, 28 years old, using testosterone cypionate every 15 days, without any comorbidity. Evolved with hypertensive peaks of 160-150/110 mmHg and loss of kidney function (Ur 102 mg/dl, Cr 3...

BACKGROUND: Over 1.4 million US adults identify as transgender when gender identity differs from the sex assigned at birth [1]. Although transgender patients face adverse health outcomes, they remain an understudied population [2]. A 2017 study surveyed 411 practicing clinicians and found that 80% had been involved in treating a transgender patient, but 80.6% had never received training on transgender care [3]. The purpose of this report is to describe prolonged desaturation in one case of a transgender patient who wore a chest binder intraoperatively owing to a lack of preoperative recognition...

Context: Male hypogonadism adversely affects body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), and metabolic health. A previous report showed that pre-treatment testosterone (T) levels of <200 ng/dl is associated with greater improvement in spine BMD with T therapy. However, to date, there is no study that investigates whether baseline T levels also influence body composition and metabolic response to T therapy. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine if there are differences in the changes in body composition, metabolic profile, and bone turnover markers, in addition to BMD, in response to T therapy in men with a baseline T level of <264 ng/dl compared to those with levels ≥264 ng/dl...

PURPOSE: Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) can potentially cause decreased spermatogenesis and subsequent infertility. Recent studies have suggested that 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) is a reliable surrogate for intratesticular testosterone (ITT) that is essential for spermatogenesis. We evaluated data from two ongoing open-label, randomized, two-arm clinical trials amongst different treatment preparations (Trial I) subcutaneous testosterone pellets (TP) and (Trial II) intranasal testosterone (NT) or intramuscular testosterone cypionate (TC)...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of orchiectomy (ORX) and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on redox balance and function of salivary glands. Forty-five young adult male Wistar rats (3 months old) were either castrated bilaterally or underwent fictitious surgery (SHAM) and were subsequently distributed into 3 groups: SHAM, ORX, and TRT (castrated rats that received an intramuscular injection of testosterone cypionate 10 mg/kg/weekly). All treatments started 4 weeks after castration (4 months old) and lasted 4 weeks (5 months old)...

In the screening of an injectable liquid marketed for body building, a steroid resembling 1-testosterone was found. The compound of interest was isolated using HPLC-UV detection coupled to an analytical scale fraction collector and subsequently characterized using HRAM-MS, NMR spectrometry, and GC-MS. The designer steroid was identified as 17β-hydroxy 5α-androst-1-en-3-one cypionate, an analog of 1-testosterone that had not been reported.

PURPOSE: Intramuscular testosterone cypionate (IM-TC) is known to cause significant rises in estradiol (E2), hematocrit (HCT), and prostate specific antigen (PSA) due to its supraphysiological testosterone peaks, whereas a novel subcutaneous testosterone enanthate autoinjector (SCTE-AI) was designed with a lower testosterone peak-to-trough ratio to mitigate these reactions. We compare the total testosterone (TT), E2, HCT and PSA response to treatment with IM-TC versus SCTE-AI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 234 hypogonadal men were treated with testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) via IM-TC 100 mg weekly or SCTE-AI 100 mg weekly...

With the increasing practice of gender-affirming mastectomy as a therapeutic procedure in the setting of gender dysphoria, there has come a profusion of literature on the pathologic findings within these specimens. Findings reported in over 1500 patients have not included either prostatic metaplasia or pilar metaplasia of breast epithelium. We encountered both of these findings in the course of routine surgical pathology practice and therefore aimed to analyze these index cases together with a retrospective cohort to determine the prevalence, anatomic distribution, pathologic features, and associated clinical findings of prostatic metaplasia and pilar metaplasia in the setting of gender-affirming mastectomy...

BACKGROUND: Bipolar androgen therapy (BAT) is an emerging treatment strategy for men with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) whereby serum testosterone is cycled from supraphysiologic to near-castrate levels each month. BAT has been shown to induce clinical responses in a significant proportion of patients, some of which are extreme. We explored the clinical and molecular characteristics of patients with mCRPC who achieved deep responses to BAT. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with mCRPC treated with BAT at Johns Hopkins...

INTRODUCTION: Transgender and gender diverse individuals may choose to provide their infants with human milk. Lactating transgender men may experience gender dysphoria and desire to initiate or reinitiate gender-affirming testosterone therapy. However, there is limited safety data regarding use of testosterone during lactation. MAIN ISSUE: A 30-year-old G2P2 transgender man with gender dysphoria sought to initiate gender-affirming testosterone therapy while lactating...

PURPOSE: We sought to compare testosterone formulations and determine the degree that hematocrit increases vary by testosterone therapy formulation. As head-to-head trials are rare, network meta-analysis of the contemporary studies is the only way to compare hematocrit changes by testosterone type, including topical gels and patches, injectables (both short-acting and long-acting) and oral tablets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a thorough search of listed publications in Scopus®, PubMed®, Embase®, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials...

This case study reports on the use of hormone therapy to treat a dog with a range of physical and behavioral signs that began after gonadectomy. A male mixed breed dog neutered at 7 months of age presented at 1 year with health issues impacting quality of life. Reduced mobility, limping, rapid weight gain, and fear of unfamiliar people were treated over the next three years with trials of pain medication, joint supplements, thyroxine, antidepressant, and significant diet restrictions. Frequent carprofen administration and daily joint supplements reduced limping, but mobility was still poor...

BACKGROUND: The prostate is susceptible to changes in androgen levels, which can play an important role in the development of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Natural compounds have beneficial properties for organisms and can be an important therapeutic strategy in the treatment of diseases. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a phytocannabinoid present in several medicinal and food plants species and has shown beneficial effects in different organs. However, little is known about its effects on the prostate...

Transgender men undergoing hormone therapy are at risk for insulin resistance. However, how virilizing testosterone therapy affects serum insulin and peripheral insulin sensitivity in transgender men is unknown. This study assessed the effect of acute, virilizing testosterone on serum insulin concentrations and insulin signaling in liver, skeletal muscle, and white adipose tissue (WAT) of female pigs as a translational model for transgender men. Females received three doses of intramuscular testosterone cypionate (TEST females; 50 mg/day/pig) or corn oil (control) spaced six days apart starting on the day of estrus (D0)...

CONTEXT: Male hypogonadism is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fragility fracture risk. Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have relatively higher BMD, but greater fracture risk. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the skeletal response to testosterone therapy in hypogonadal men with T2D compared with hypogonadal men without T2D. METHODS: Single arm, open-label clinical trial (NCT01378299) involving 105 men (40-74 years old), with average morning testosterone <300 ng/dL...

Testosterone esters are hormones commonly used for affirming gender identity in transmen. The present study evaluates the effect of testosterone on renal morphology and function in an animal model submitted to cross-sex hormone therapy used for transmen. Two-month-old Wistar rats were divided into three groups: male control (MC), female control (FC), and female on testosterone therapy (FTT). The FTT group received testosterone cypionate (3.0 mg/kg, i.m.), and the MC and MF groups received vehicle oil every 10 days for 4 months...

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether high levels of exogenous testosterone (T) interfere in prostate morphogenesis. Pregnant females were exposed to subcutaneous injections of T cypionate (500 μg/animal) at gestational days 20 and 22. Male and female pups were euthanized at postnatal days 1 and 15. 15-day-old males had only fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) immunostaining and nuclear form factor altered by the treatment, whereas treated females (T1 and T15) had almost all analyzed parameters changed...

BACKGROUND: Cyclical, high-dose testosterone administration, termed bipolar androgen therapy (BAT), can induce clinical responses and restore sensitivity to androgen signalling inhibition in patients with previously treated castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa) (CRPC). This trial evaluated whether BAT is a safe and effective first-line hormonal therapy for patients with CRPC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In cohort C of this single-centre, open-label, phase II, multi-cohort trial (RE-sensitizing with Supraphysiologic Testosterone to Overcome REsistance study), 29 patients with CRPC received first-line hormonal therapy with 400 mg of testosterone cypionate intramuscularly every 28 days concurrent with a luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonist/antagonist...

Anabolic substances have been increasingly used by bodybuilders and athletes with the goal of improving performance and aesthetics. However, this practice has caused some concern to physicians and researchers because of unknowledge of consequences that the indiscriminate and illicit use of these substances can cause. Thus, this study analyzed the effects of two commercially available anabolic steroids (AS), Winstrol Depot® (Stanozolol) and Deposteron® (Testosterone Cypionate), in the neuronal density of limbic, motor and sensory regions on the cerebral cortex and in CA1, CA2, CA3 regions of the hippocampus...

INTRODUCTION: Secondary polycythemia is a known adverse effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). Different testosterone formulations are available, with significantly different half-lives, which have varying influences on the development of secondary polycythemia. Herein, we compared the prevalence of secondary polycythemia in testosterone-deficient men treated with intranasal testosterone gel (Natesto® ) vs. intramuscular testosterone cypionate (TC) therapy. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of secondary polycythemia (hematocrit [Hct] ≥54%) in men who received TRT...