Gun shot wound

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the long-term functional, psychological, and emotional outcomes in individuals who survived violence-related injuries as children. METHODS: We retrospectively identified all pediatric patients (age <18y at time of injury) treated for a violent traumatic injury (gun-shot wound, stab, or assault) at our institution (1/2011-12/2020). We then prospectively attempted to contact and survey, via telephone, all patients that had reached adulthood (age ≥18y at time of study) using 7 Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) instruments and the Primary Care Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) screen...

Automatic nail gun injuries to the hand commonly occur with the use of these machines in construction. However, such injuries to the cardiothoracic area are atypical. Herein, we report a case of emergency surgery to remove a nail, which was accidentally shot through the sternum and reached the heart. A 24-year-old man was working in a narrow space at a construction site, where he tripped over the air hose of an automatic pneumatic nail gun. The trigger was accidentally pulled, while the machine was facing his direction, and a nail entered his sternum...

Cases of severe injuries caused by air guns are really uncommon, but they can lead to a fatal outcome. Usually, these injuries occur in children due to their not fully developed skull bones or in adults through less resistant and thin regions of the cranium. Most of them are accidental events, followed by low percentage of suicidal attempts.In this paper, we present the case of a 68-year-old man suffering from severe depression, with self-inflicted air gun injury to the head. The patient was admitted to the hospital in a coma with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8, with severe penetrating head injury manifested with brain contusion and intraventricular bleeding seen at the CT examination...

BACKGROUND: In the past decade, most people who buy and own guns are doing so for self-defense. Yet little is known about actual defensive gun use in the USA. METHODS: To discover what information newspaper articles and local news reports might add, we read the news reports of defensive use incidents assembled by the Gun Violence Archive. We examined a sample of more than a quarter of the incidents from 2019, the last year before the pandemic. We examined all cases from four months-January, April, July, and October...

Shooting distance assessment is a substantial problem in forensic investigation of suicides and homicides committed by means of a firearm. There are cases when the gun or ammunition used in a crime or both are not available for forensic testing and so reference shooting patterns cannot be obtained for shooting distance assessment with chemographic methods. In such cases, the shooting distance evaluation has to rely solely on the evidence of gunshot wounds in human tissues and clothing. To facilitate a robust assessment of the shooting distance in such circumstances, the effects of contact and close-range shooting using a 9 mm Luger pistol and traditional types of ammunition on different popular types of cotton textiles were examined...

There are few cases of traumatically induced trigeminal autonomic cephalgia (TAC) reported in the literature, and few if any related specifically to hemicrania continua (HC). This case report describes a patient with HC with concomitant painful post traumatic trigeminal neuropathy (PPTTN) of the second division of the trigeminal nerve (CN-V2), and partial facial nerve paralysis secondary to a gunshot wound to the face. The patient reported no history of HC or neuropathic pain prior to the assault and felt that these conditions were sequela of his injuries and not the surgical procedures as they evolved during the following year and not immediately post operatively...

Construction and assembly pistols are widely used but single observations are described in the forensic medical literature and, as a rule, concerning shots to the head. An unusual case of suicide by a shot in the neck from a TOUA 307 construction and assembly pistol is presented: a blind shell wound was found to the left half of the neck and with damage to the cervical spine and spinal cord. The above observation complements the existing ideas about the possibility of causing self-harm from an atypical weapon - a construction and assembly pistol...

Splenosis describe a clinical entity of autotransplantation after removal of the spleen secon-dary to a traumatic rupture or surgery. A 39-year-old female was referred to thoracic surgery department with complaints of severe chest pain. She had left thoracic and abdominal gun-shot injury that occurred 19 years earlier. Thorax computed tomograhy and thorax magnetic resonance imaging revealed pleural lesions. A video thoracoscopic biopsy disclosed splenosis in the patient. Splenic implants did not change in 6 years...

Traumatic pelvic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are exceedingly rare and can lead to significant morbidity. Herein, we describe the case of a 31 year-old male who presented with two months of recurrent gross hematuria following a gluteal gun-shot wound and was found to have a right internal iliac AVF. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a post traumatic pelvic AVF presenting with gross hematuria.

Introduction Firearm homicide is a leading cause of violence-related death in the United States.Unfortunately, more than 80% of illegal firearm discharges are never reported to police by traditional means.ShotSpotterTM  (Newark, California) is an acoustic firearm event detection system that can localize gunfire, prompting police, and subsequent emergency medical services (EMS) presence. Previously reported healthcare effects of acoustic detection are speculative in nature. We sought to investigate Hartford, Connecticut's experience with ShotSpotter​​​​​​​TM  given its smaller size and broad coverage...

Gunshot injuries to the genitourinary system are extremely rare among trauma cases and represent a complex clinical scenario to physicians. This rare case involves a 20-year-old male with a retained bullet in his penis following a close-range, low-velocity gunshot wound to the right lateral thigh. Our case report examines this unique clinical scenario and the diagnostic approach that should be taken to decrease the chances of negative cosmetic and functional outcomes.

BACKGROUND: South Africa (SA) has one of the highest gun-related mortality rates in the world - 20 people per day. The available data, however, do not reflect the substantial number of patients suffering non-lethal firearm injuries. Gunshot-related injury has been recognised as a highly costly healthcare problem by individual treating centres in SA and other countries; however, no 'national picture' has been examined in detail. OBJECTIVES: To explore the burden of gunshot-related orthopaedic injuries across SA...

BACKGROUND: Multi-victim homicides are a persistent public health problem confronting the United States. Previous research shows that homicide rates in the U.S. are approximately seven times higher than those of other high-income countries, driven by firearm homicide rates that are 25 times higher; 31% of public mass shootings in the world also occur in the U.S.. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the characteristics of mass, multiple, and single homicides to help identify prevention points that may lead to a reduction in different types of homicides...

Reconstruction of the lower extremity, especially the proximal lower leg, is known to be a challenge for reconstructive surgeons. When there is extensive vascular damage, the use of local flaps and microsurgical methods will be limited, so there are few reconstructive options available. We want to define the use of medial sural artery-based cross-leg flap for the reconstruction of the proximal lower leg. A 51-year-old male had a soft tissue defect on the proximal leg region because of a gun-shot injury. We observed that there was no chance of a local flap as a result of CT angiography...

INTRODUCTION: Intentional self-harm (suicide) by firearms is a growing problem in the United States. Currently, there are no large studies that have identified risk factors for patients who die from self-inflicted gunshot wounds. Our objectives are to 1) identify risk factors for patients with the highest morbidity and mortality from self-inflicted gunshot wounds (SIGSWs) at trauma centers 2) present the outcomes of victims of SIGSW by handguns (HG) versus all other specified guns (AOG) and 3) compare the presentations and outcomes of victims with head or face (HF) injuries to other regions of the body...

INTRODUCTION: In addition to the nearly 40,000 firearm deaths each year, nonfatal firearm injuries represent a significant public health burden to communities in the United States. We aimed to describe the incidence and rates of nonfatal firearm injuries. METHODS: We calculated nonfatal firearm injury estimates using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, including the Nationwide Emergency Department Samples and the National Inpatient Samples...

INTRODUCTION: Penetrating traumas to the thorax could be potentially serious. Vena caval wounds are highly lethal, so that half of the patients die before reaching the hospital, and another 50% may die perioperatively. Although rare, most of them are the result of gunshot wounds. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a 13-year-old boy shot by an air gun through his right hemithorax. During surgery, an air gun bullet appeared right within the wall of the intrapericardial inferior vena cava (IVC)...

Blank cartridge guns are prevalent especially in countries with laws restricting access to conventional firearms, and it is a common misconception that these weapons are harmless and only used as toys or for intimidation. However, although their harming potential is well-documented by numerous reports of accidents, suicides, and homicides, a systematic molecular biological investigation of traces generated by shots from blank cartridges at biological targets has not been done so far. Herein, we investigate the occurrence and analyzability of backspatter generated by shots of different types of blank cartridge guns firing different types of blank ammunition at ballistic gelatin model cubes doped with human blood and radiological contrast agent soaked into a spongious matrix and covered with three different variants of skin simulants...

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate functional outcomes and characteristics associated with gunshot wound (GSW) to the spine. METHODS: Patients with GSW to the spine managed at a Level 1 Trauma Center from January 2003 to December 2017 were enrolled. Patient demographics, diagnoses, level of injury, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score, ambulatory status at follow-up, bowel and bladder function, clinical improvement, and mortality were evaluated...

The aim of this work is to draw the attention of forensic experts to the need to use new methodological approaches in postmortem morphological diagnostics of the lifetime injuries and the duration of death rate in forensic medical practice. A case of a fatal outcome from a small-shot gun wound complicated by arrosive bleeding in the postoperative period is considered. The missed opportunity to effectively use new methodological approaches in solving issues related to the completeness and timeliness of medical care is shown...