keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546938/situational-and-victim-correlates-of-increased-case-fatality-rates-in-los-angeles-shootings-2005-2021
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P Jeffrey Brantingham, Miguel Quintana-Navarrete, Clarissa Iliff, Craig D Uchida, George E Tita
The gun assault case fatality rate measures the fraction of shooting victims who die from their wounds. Considerable debate has surrounded whether gun assault case fatality rates have changed over time and what factors may be involved. We use crime event data from Los Angeles to examine the victim and situational correlates of gun assault case fatality rates over time. We estimated log binomial regression models for the probability of death in each year from 2005 to 2021, conditioned on situational and victim characteristics of the crime...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Urban Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455791/misinterpretation-of-a-gunshot-injury-by-a-non-forensic-medicine-expert-a-case-report-of-misguidance-in-a-criminal-investigation-involving-the-unusual-firearm-injury-kronlein-shot
#2
Toshal Wankhade, Binay Kumar
In India, the majority of postmortem examinations are conducted by medical professionals who lack expertise in the field of forensic medicine. Medicolegal autopsy services that are done by forensic experts are primarily confined to tertiary care centers, although a significant portion of medicolegal postmortem examinations occurs in non-tertiary healthcare setups. In this context, postmortem examination reports occasionally fail to encompass essential medicolegal features, resulting in dissatisfaction among both crime investigators and the deceased's relatives...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38103487/gun-shot-injuries-to-the-temporal-bone-anatomic-predictors-of-mortality
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leandro Socolovsky, Mihai A Bentan, Michael Bauschard, Kaitlyn Reichl, Daniel H Coelho
PURPOSE: To explore anatomic predictors of mortality from gunshot wounds involving the temporal bone. METHODS: A retrospective search of radiology reports was performed for all patients with CT reports suggestive of gunshot wounds (GSW) to the TB (2000-2020). All cases were reviewed by the senior author to confirm injury to the temporal bone. Detailed demographic and radiographic data were collected. MAIN FINDINGS: A total of 120 patients met inclusion criteria...
December 4, 2023: American Journal of Otolaryngology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38021818/management-of-a-transaxial-tricompartmental-gunshot-injury-in-a-low-resource-tertiary-care-center-in-the-anglosphere-caribbean
#4
Jaime T Lee Young, Johnathan K Jarvis
Trauma, both penetrating and blunt, consists of a significant percentage of surgical admissions in Caribbean hospitals. Due to financial constraints, ideal resources for optimal surgical management are not always available. Despite these disadvantages, successful outcomes for complex, emergent cases are achieved through a combination of timely clinical assessment, intervention, and ingenuity in using the resources at hand. In this case report, we describe a 17-year-old male who suffered major visceral injuries and presented in extremis from a single gunshot wound...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37936902/penetrating-chest-injury-secondary-to-an-improvised-home-made-marble-airgun-a-case-report
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Kristoffer Manicani Japzon, Halima O Mokamad-Romancap
BACKGROUND: An improvised air gun with marble bullets, locally known as "Jolen Gun", is a type of home-made gun using Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes and compressed air. It is mainly being used as a hunting tool in Central Mindanao. This "non-lethal" weapon has the potential in causing serious harm. There has been several incidents of minor injuries from this type of weapon in our institution but this is the first documented case of an improvised marble air-gun causing significant injury to the patient...
2023: Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37864228/firearm-availability-and-police-shootings-of-citizens-a-city-level-analysis-of-fatal-and-injurious-shootings-in-california-and-florida
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John A Shjarback, Daniel C Semenza, Richard Stansfield
BACKGROUND: A growing body of research has found a link between firearm availability and police shootings of citizens across place. The problem, however, is that the previous studies on the topic tend to suffer from several limitations: a near exclusive focus on citizen fatalities, units of analysis at the state or county levels, and a variety of proxy measures tapping into community-level firearm access. The current study set out to address these issues by examining the relationship between different forms of firearm availability and both fatal and nonfatal injurious police shootings of citizens at the city level...
October 20, 2023: Injury Epidemiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37843596/transarterial-interventions-in-civilian-gunshot-wound-injury-experience-from-a-level-1-trauma-center
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Yu, Alex Lionberg, Kylie Zane, Ethan Ungchusri, Jonathan Du, Karan Nijhawan, Austin Clarey, Rakesh Navuluri, Osman Ahmed, Priya Prakash, Jeffrey Leef, Brian Funaki
PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of trans-arterial vascular interventions in treatment of civilian gunshot wounds (GSW). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed at a level-1 trauma center to include 46 consecutive adults admitted due to GSW related hemorrhage and treated with endovascular interventions from July 2018 to July 2022. Patient demographics and procedural metrics were retrieved. Primary outcomes of interest include technical success and in-hospital mortality...
October 16, 2023: CVIR Endovascular
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37521403/management-of-soft-tissue-defects-of-hand-in-a-conflict-combat-zone-a-case-series
#8
Manish Prasad, Vibhu Sharma, Varun Vig, Vipin Venugopal Nair, S P Panjiyar, Kamparsh Thakur
INTRODUCTION: Managing soft-tissue defects of hand is a challenging problem for any surgical team, even more in a field hospital setting of a conflict combat zone, where resources are scarce and such cases due to blunt trauma, gunshot wound and deep tissue infections are common. CASE REPORT: We present four different cases, all middle aged males, who sustained injuries due to crush, low velocity gun shot, and defects post-debridement of acute onset infections following abrasions...
July 2023: Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37331484/tunica-vaginalis-graft-use-for-repair-of-traumatic-testicular-rupture-a-case-report
#9
Sonia Masih, Shivashankar Damodaran, Daniel G DaJusta
Testicular rupture is a rare but serious condition which requires immediate and emergent surgical intervention in order to preserve fertility and maintain gonadal hormone function. We present here a case of a 16-year-old male who suffered a shattered right testicle following gunshot wound. Additionally, the left cord structures were also hit with possible compromise of the left testicle. He underwent scrotal exploration with reconstruction of the right tunica albuginea with a tunica vaginalis graft. The right testicle was found to be viable within 2months postoperatively with normal arterial and venous flow seen on Doppler scrotal ultrasound...
June 16, 2023: Urology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37264777/numb-to-the-violence-five-years-as-a-general-surgery-resident
#10
EDITORIAL
Sullivan A Ayuso
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 2, 2023: American Surgeon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37211470/comparison-of-rampage-and-non-rampage-mass-shootings-in-the-u-s-a-5-year-demographic-analysis
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander C Cavalea, Alexandra Tedesco, Jacob K Leonard, John P Hunt, Alison Smith, Denise Danos, Jonathan E Schoen, Alan B Marr, Patrick Greiffenstein, Lance E Stuke
BACKGROUND: Rampage mass shootings (RMS) are a subset of mass shootings occurring in public involving random victims. Due to rarity, RMS are not well-characterized. We aimed to compare RMS and NRMS. We hypothesized that RMS and NRMS would be significantly different with respect to time/season, location, demographics, victim number/fatality rate, victims being law enforcement, and firearm characteristics. STUDY DESIGN: Mass shootings (4 or more victims shot at a single event) from 2014-2018 were identified in the Gun Violence Archive (GVA)...
May 6, 2023: Injury
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37164899/the-covid-19-pandemic-and-its-impacts-on-mass-shootings-in-six-major-us-cities
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alison Smith, Taylor Fitzpatrick-Schmidt, Kaylin Beiter, Alexander C Cavalea, Peter Scharf, Jonathan Schoen, Lance Stuke, Patrick Greiffenstein, Alan Marr, Alexandra Tedesco, John P Hunt
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has significant impacts on the US socioeconomic structure. Gun violence is a major public health issue and the effects on this area have not been well-elucidated. The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of the pandemic on mass shootings in six major United States cities with historically high rates of gun violence. METHODS: Mass shooting data were extracted from an open-source database, Gun Violence Archive. Mass shooting was defined as four or more people shot at a single event...
April 30, 2023: Injury
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36928329/a-16-year-old-ukrainian-boy-shot-at-close-range-to-the-back-of-the-neck-with-a-handgun-who-required-surgical-removal-of-a-9%C3%A3-18-mm-bullet-shell-from-the-left-posterior-maxilla-and-recovered-following-physical-therapy
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Viktor Konoplitskyi, Dmytro Dmytriiev, Mykola Sidoryk, Oleksandr Dobrovanov, Marian Vidiscak
BACKGROUND The conflict in Ukraine during the past year has resulted in increased deaths and injuries to soldiers and civilians from military weapons and large and small caliber firearms. Unlike clinicians in some Western countries, until recently, clinicians working in Ukraine hospitals had little experience managing patients with gunshot wounds. CASE REPORT A 16-year-old boy was admitted as an emergency following a gunshot wound to the back of the neck from a Makarov pistol. The gun was reported to have been fired at a distance of more than 15 cm...
March 17, 2023: American Journal of Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36747590/traumatic-aortic-injury-from-pellet-gun-a-case-report
#14
Paul Johnson, Ryan Anderson, Collin Gamble, Eric van Bogaert, Jonathan Joshi
Acute traumatic aortic injuries are of the most lethal sequelae of penetrating thoracic injuries and require rapid detection and management. The American College of Radiology currently recommends the use of noncontrast CT, followed by computed tomography angiography (CTA) as the first-line imaging modalities when traumatic aortic injury is suspected. Direct signs of aortic injury on CTA include pseudoaneurysm, focal contour abnormality, intimal flap, intramural hematoma, an abrupt change in aortic caliber, and contrast extravasation...
March 2023: Radiology Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36644087/penetrating-abdominal-trauma-descriptive-analysis-of-a-case-series-from-an-indian-metropolitan-city
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sumathi Nadikuditi, Nachappa Sivanesan Uthraraj, Vandana Krishnamurthy, Karan Kumar, Meghanaprakash Hiriyur Prakash, Laya Manasa Sriraam, Gokul K Shanker Ramasamy, Kannaki Uthraraj Chettiakkapalayam Venkatachalam
Introduction Penetrating abdominal trauma (PAT) is a major injury that patients present to the emergency department in developed and developing countries. There are many modes and causes of injury. The aim of this study is to analyse the patterns of presentation and parameters at assessment, including investigations, interventions and outcomes of penetrating abdominal trauma at a major trauma centre in an Indian metropolitan city. Methods This is an observational descriptive study done over 18 months at a major trauma centre in a metropolitan city in India...
December 2022: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36610644/the-cost-of-gun-shot-wounds-to-the-head-an-unevenly-distributed-burden
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathan Schoen, David Matichak, Valerie Armstrong, Shaina Sedighim, Emma Lew, Jonathan Jagid, M Ross Bullock, Angela Richardson
INTRODUCTION: Despite the significant clinical consequences and socioeconomic costs of gun-shot wounds to the head (GSWH), studies examining pre-hospital risk factors, geo-spatial patterns, and economic cost are lacking. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for GSWH patients (single or multiple injuries) presenting to the level one Ryder Trauma Center (hospital patients) as well as the Miami Dade County Medical Examiner (ME) Department, from October 2013 to October 2015...
January 4, 2023: World Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36455386/forensic-assessment-of-a-life-threatening-penetrating-abdominal-air-gun-injury
#17
Karola Petrus, Miklós Angyal, Dénes Tóth, Viktor Soma Poór, Veronika Heckmann, Gábor Simon
Air guns are considered mostly harmless by the public opinion, but projectiles shot from common air guns can penetrate skin and thus able to cause severe, even life-threatening injury. The prevalence of air gun injuries is constantly high, but severe injuries occur rarely. Forensic evaluation of air gun injuries can be challenging since the shot wound characteristics produced by combustion in case of firearm injuries are missing. Despite these difficulties, the topic of air gun injuries is mostly overlooked in forensic literature, and there are no guidelines available which can help the assessment of specific cases...
November 26, 2022: Legal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36408303/spinal-gunshot-wound-with-an-air-rifle-a-case-report
#18
Mohammed A Alshehri, Mohammed K Almutairi, Moutasem Azzubi, Mashael S Alomari, Alwaleed K Nahhas
Spinal gunshot injuries are one of the most serious injuries that can cause morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a nine-year-old boy, referred to our emergency department from another hospital, with lower limb weakness after being shot by an air gun in his back. After extensive investigation, it appeared that a foreign body representing the bullet was found in his spinal canal; the patient was taken to the operating room for surgical decompression and removal of foreign bodies. After that, the patient started to show partial improvement in his neurological deficits and is to be continued on physiotherapy...
November 2022: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36369976/surgical-management-of-injured-adf-personnel-deployed-to-afghanistan-2001-2021
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charles H C Pilgrim, Leonard Brennan
INTRODUCTION: A comprehensive review of the surgical management of injuries sustained by deployed members of the Australian Defence Force (ADF) during Operation SLIPPER and HIGHROAD in Afghanistan has not previously been undertaken. Understanding the mechanism of injury, injury types sustained and surgical intervention undertaken should provide valuable information for future health planning and surgical capability determination. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of scanned medical records of injured personnel identified through casualty register examination was undertaken...
November 12, 2022: ANZ Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36030642/handcrafted-firearm-suicide-about-the-unusual-use-of-a-mole-gun
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Delbreil, A L Boyer, S Bonnin, M Sapanet, M Voyer
The body of a man was found in a workshop at the back of his home, a metal pipe embedded in his chest. In the immediate vicinity of the body, among various tools, was a machine containing a holster hit of lead shot evoking a mole-trap-type "taupe gun" (mole gun). The findings at the scene and the presence of a metal tube, sinkers, and a flock in the chest are in favour of the use of a homemade firearm. The autopsy and CT scan revealed atypical ballistic thoracic trauma responsible for a dilaceration of both the heart and thoracic aorta that caused the death...
August 22, 2022: Legal Medicine
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