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INTRODUCTION: Low birth weight (LBW) is a global issue prevalent in low-income countries. Economic assessments of interventions to reduce this burden are crucial to guide health policies. However, there is a relative scarcity of research that illustrates the magnitude of LBW by country and region to support the design of public policies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of fetal growth in newborns in Brazil between 2010 and 2020. METHODS: A time series study was conducted using data from the Live Births Information System (SINASC), which is managed by the Department of Information and Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health...

BACKGROUND: Traditional measures of workload such as wRVUs may not be adequate to understand the impact of workload on key outcomes. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop a mobile application to assess, in near real time, clinicians' perception of workload and work environment. DESIGNS, SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: We developed the GrittyWork™ application (GW App) using the Chokshi and Mann process model for user-centered digital development...

BACKGROUND: Dietary composition can modify gene expression, favoring the development of chronic diseases via epigenetic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and NR3C1 gene methylation in users of the Brazilian Public Unified Health System (SUS). METHODS: We recruited 250 adult volunteers and evaluated their socioeconomic status, psychosocial characteristics, lifestyle, and anthropometrics...

BACKGROUND: Carers often assume key roles in cancer care. However, many carers report feeling disempowered and ill-equipped to support patients. Our group published evidence-based guidelines (the Triadic Oncology [TRIO] Guidelines) to improve oncology clinician engagement with carers and the management of challenging situations involving carers. OBJECTIVE: To facilitate implementation of the TRIO Guidelines in clinical practice, we aimed to develop, iteratively refine, and conduct user testing of a suite of evidence-based and interactive web-based education modules for oncology clinicians (e-Triadic Oncology [eTRIO]), patients with cancer, and carers (eTRIO for Patients and Carers [eTRIO-pc])...

In this study, a novel genotype of genogroup X (GX) sapovirus (family Caliciviridae) was detected in the small intestinal contents of a golden jackal (Canis aureus) in Hungary and characterised by viral metagenomics and next-generation sequencing techniques. The complete genome of the detected strain, GX/Dömsöd/DOCA-11/2020/HUN (PP105600), is 7,128 nt in length. The ORF1- and ORF2-encoded viral proteins (NSP, VP1, and VP2) have 98%, 95%, and 88% amino acid sequence identity to the corresponding proteins of genogroup GX sapoviruses from domestic pigs, but the nucleic acid sequence identity values for their genes are significantly lower (83%, 77%, and 68%)...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate evidence of validity of internal structure of the Brazilian Dental Vulnerability Scale (EVO-BR) when applied in Brazil. METHODS: This is a psychometric study that seeks to validate a scale elaborated by evidence of internal structure. Data collection was conducted in 18 basic health units that implement the Brazilian Healthcare Planning (PAS) methodology, across the five regions of Brazil. The initial version of the EVO-BR contained 41 items that measured dental vulnerability and was applied to users of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) aged 18 years or older who were in basic health units for consultation with higher education professionals...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze knowledge about priority topics in mental health care of strategic actors who work in regions where the Health Care Planning (PAS) methodology is used. METHODS: This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and observational study carried out with professionals from six health regions, distributed in three Brazilian states (Goiás, Rondônia and Maranhão) and linked to the project "Saúde mental na APS" (Mental health in PHC) of the Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Único de Saúde (Proadi-SUS - Institutional Development Support Program of the Brazilian Unified Health System)...

OBJECTIVE: To recognize elements that facilitated or hindered the PlanificaSUS implementation stages. METHODS: A multiple case study was carried out in four pre-selected health regions in Brazil-Belo Jardim (PE), Fronteira Oeste (RS), Sul-Mato-Grossense (MT) and Valença (BA) using systemic arterial hypertension and maternal and child care as tracer conditions. Participant observation (in regional interagency commissions) and in-depth interviews with key informants from state and municipal management and primary health care and specialized outpatient care service professionals within the project were carried out in these four regions...

This study aimed to describe the gestational and morphological aspects of the fetuses and their respective umbilical cords from two pregnant wild boars (Sus scrofa). Morphological descriptions were provided for 23 fetuses and the gestational ages were estimated through fetal characteristics and formula application. The specimens were fixed in 10% formalin for subsequent macroscopic and microscopic examination. Histological characterization was performed using haematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome (MT) and Verhöeff's staining techniques...

The pig sector in Corsica is based by a wide range of farming systems, mainly characterized on traditional extensive practices, which favor contacts between domestic and wild individuals. These contacts are suspected to influence the maintenance and the transmission of shared infectious diseases between both populations. Therefore, it is important to develop methods that allow to understand and anticipate their occurrence. Modeling these interactions requires accurate data on the presence, location and use of land on pig farms and farming practices, but such data are often unavailable, incomplete or outdated...

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials (CTs) are foundational to the advancement of evidence-based medicine and recruiting a sufficient number of participants is one of the crucial steps to their successful conduct. Yet, poor recruitment remains the most frequent reason for premature discontinuation or costly extension of clinical trials. METHODS: We designed and implemented a novel, open-source software system to support the recruitment process in clinical trials by generating automatic recruitment recommendations...

BACKGROUND: In North Carolina, HIV continues to disproportionately affect young African American women. Although mobile health (mHealth) technology appears to be a tool capable of making public health information more accessible for key populations, previous technology use and social determinants may impact users' mHealth experiences. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate mHealth usability, assessing differences based on previous technology use and social determinants among a sample of African American women in emerging adulthood...

Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, such as ChatGPT, have widely invaded all domains of human life. They have the potential to transform healthcare future. However, their effective implementation hinges on healthcare workers' (HCWs) adoption and perceptions. This study aimed to evaluate HCWs usability of ChatGPT three months post-launch in Saudi Arabia using the System Usability Scale (SUS). A total of 194 HCWs participated in the survey. Forty-seven percent were satisfied with their usage, 57 % expressed moderate to high trust in its ability to generate medical decisions...

BACKGROUND: The last decade saw the emergence of a new significant migration corridor due to the mass migration of Venezuelans to neighboring countries in South America. Since 2018, Brazil became the third host country of Venezuelan displaced populations. Little is known about how migratory processes affect needs, access to social programs, and public health services of migrant women. The goal of this study is to shed light on the socio-economic profile, living conditions, and use of health services of Venezuelan migrant women in two main reception cities in Brazil...

El presente artículo se propone llevar a cabo una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura científica existente sobre esta modalidad conductual humana particular, impulsiva y transitoria, que escapa al control consciente del sujeto, desde un enfoque psicopatológico y forense. Para ello, se realizarán puntualizaciones históricas de los diferentes matices de la temática, proporcionando una visión panorámica y crítica de la misma. Se puede decir que se trata de memorias implícitas acerca de situaciones traumáticas pasadas que, a raíz de una reedición presente del evento displacentero mediante un mecanismo disociativo, generan en el individuo una reacción impulsiva agresiva, sobre la cual la persona no dispone de control ni conciencia...

The growing demand for lightweight and durable materials in industries, such as the automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries, has spurred the development of heterojunction bilayer composites, combining the structural integrity of metals with the versatility of polymers. This study addresses the critical interface between stainless steel (SUS) and polyamide 66 (PA66), focusing on the pivotal role of surface treatments and various silane coupling agents in enhancing the adhesion strength of heterojunction SUS/PA66 bilayer composites...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the direct costs of treating excess body weight in children and adolescents attending a public children's hospital. METHODS: This study analyzed the costs of the disease within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) for 2,221 patients with excess body weight using a microcosting approach. The costs included operational expenses, consultations, and laboratory and imaging tests obtained from medical records for the period from 2009 to 2019...

BACKGROUND: e-Health tools using validated questionnaires to assess outcomes may facilitate measurement-based care for psychiatric disorders. MoodFX was created as a free online symptom tracker to support patients for outcome measurement in their depression treatment. We conducted a pilot randomized evaluation to examine its usability, and clinical utility. METHODS: Patients presenting with a major depressive episode (within a major depressive or bipolar disorder) were randomly assigned to receive either MoodFX or a health information website as the intervention and control condition, respectively, with follow-up assessment surveys conducted online at baseline, 8 weeks and 6 months...

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Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo ( D. officinale ) is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, celebrated for its abundant bioactive ingredients. This study demonstrated that the diurnal temperature difference (DIF) (T1: 13/13 °C, T2: 25/13 °C, and T3: 25/25 °C) was more favorable for high chlorophyll, increased polysaccharide, and total flavonoid contents compared to constant temperature treatments in D. officinale PLBs. The transcriptome analysis revealed 4251, 4404, and 4536 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in three different comparisons (A: 25/13 °C vs...