keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/20646668/newer-agents-for-blood-glucose-control-in-type-2-diabetes-systematic-review-and-economic-evaluation
#21
REVIEW
N Waugh, E Cummins, P Royle, C Clar, M Marien, B Richter, S Philip
BACKGROUND: In May 2008, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) issued an updated guideline [clinical guideline (CG) 66] for the management of all aspects of type 2 diabetes. This report aims to provide information on new drug developments to support a 'new drugs update' to the 2008 guideline. OBJECTIVE: To review the newer agents available for blood glucose control in type 2 diabetes from four classes: the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue exenatide; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors sitagliptin and vildagliptin; the long-acting insulin analogues, glargine and detemir; and to review concerns about the safety of the thiazolidinediones...
July 2010: Health Technology Assessment: HTA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/20489417/glucose-lowering-and-cardiovascular-disease-what-do-we-know-and-what-should-we-do
#22
REVIEW
Alice Y Y Cheng, Lawrence A Leiter
For the reduction of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes, glycemic control has been shown to be an important and effective intervention. However, considering the findings from several recent, large, randomized controlled trials, the utility of very tight glycemic control in all those with type 2 diabetes, for the reduction of cardiovascular disease remains controversial. The decision to aim for very tight glycemic control must be individualized and the potential benefit of reduced risk of nephropathy must be weighed against the increased risk for hypoglycemia...
May 2010: European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/20387997/systematic-review-of-the-cost-effectiveness-of-biphasic-insulin-aspart-30-in-type-2-diabetes
#23
REVIEW
William J Valentine, Richard F Pollock, Juliette Plun-Favreau, Jeremy White
OBJECTIVES: To review the cost-effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart (BIAsp 30) compared to other insulin regimens in the treatment of type 2 diabetes based on published literature. METHODS: The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and EconLit and a selection of congress/meeting databases were systematically searched using combinations of search terms designed to identify publications describing cost-effectiveness analyses of BIAsp 30 in patients with type 2 diabetes...
June 2010: Current Medical Research and Opinion
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17636824/rosiglitazone-for-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#24
REVIEW
B Richter, E Bandeira-Echtler, K Bergerhoff, C Clar, S H Ebrahim
BACKGROUND: Diabetes has long been recognised as a strong, independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, a problem which accounts for approximately 70% of all mortality in people with diabetes. Prospective studies show that compared to their non-diabetic counterparts, the relative risk of cardiovascular mortality for men with diabetes is two to three and for women with diabetes is three to four. The two biggest trials in type 2 diabetes, the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP) study did not reveal a reduction of cardiovascular endpoints through improved metabolic control...
2007: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17443605/long-acting-insulin-analogues-versus-nph-insulin-human-isophane-insulin-for-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#25
REVIEW
K Horvath, K Jeitler, A Berghold, S H Ebrahim, T W Gratzer, J Plank, T Kaiser, T R Pieber, A Siebenhofer
BACKGROUND: Despite indications from epidemiological trials that higher blood glucose concentrations are associated with a higher risk for developing micro- and macrovascular complications, evidence for a beneficial effect of antihyperglycaemic therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is conflicting. Two large studies, the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP), did not find a reduction of cardiovascular endpoints through improvement of metabolic control...
April 18, 2007: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17054272/pioglitazone-for-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#26
REVIEW
B Richter, E Bandeira-Echtler, K Bergerhoff, C Clar, S H Ebrahim
BACKGROUND: Diabetes has long been recognised as a strong, independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, a problem which accounts for approximately 70% of all mortality in people with diabetes. Prospective studies show that compared to their non-diabetic counterparts, the relative risk of cardiovascular mortality for men with diabetes is two to three and for women with diabetes is three to four. The two biggest trials in type 2 diabetes, the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP) study did not reveal a reduction of cardiovascular endpoints through improved metabolic control...
2006: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16915799/self-monitoring-blood-glucose-and-quality-of-care
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michele Mancuso, Carmela Ingegnosi, Manuela Caruso-Nicoletti
Studies like the DCCT and the UKPDS showed that prevention of Type 1 diabetes mellitus complications can be obtained if glucose level is maintained as close as possible to normal. Consequently management of diabetes has significantly changed in the last two decades since the aim of maintaining a good metabolic control has been pursued through intensive insulin therapy and self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG). However, although SMBG is extremely helpful in preventing and treating hypoglycaemia and ketoacidosis, its role in maintaining a good metabolic control is controversial...
2005: Acta Bio-medica: Atenei Parmensis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16709308/cost-utility-analysis-in-a-uk-setting-of-self-monitoring-of-blood-glucose-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew J Palmer, Sean Dinneen, James R Gavin, Alastair Gray, William H Herman, Andrew J Karter
BACKGROUND: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in type 2 diabetes patients has been shown in meta-analyses of randomized trials to improve HbA(1c) by approximately 0.4% when compared to no SMBG. However, the cost of testing supplies is high, improvements in health utility due to improved glycaemic control may be possible and cost-effectiveness has not been evaluated. METHODS: A peer-reviewed validated model projected improvements in lifetime quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), long-term costs and cost-effectiveness of SMBG versus no SMBG...
May 2006: Current Medical Research and Opinion
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16231574/-do-beta-blockers-prevent-coronary-events-in-hypertensive-patients
#29
REVIEW
F Diévart, S Ragot, J Julien, D Herpin
Beta-blockers have been considered for decades as effective agents in preventing coronary events in hypertensive patients. Actually, the scrutiny of the available data arises some doubts over the real value of this pharmacological class. In primary prevention, the clinical benefits of beta-blockers are poorly documented: the studies conducted against placebo (MRC, IPPPSH...) did not show any significant differences regarding the rate of coronary events (except within non smokers); moreover, the beneficial effect of propranolol in preventing sudden deaths and silent myocardial infarctions has been reported byjust one retrospective analysis...
September 2005: Archives des Maladies du Coeur et des Vaisseaux
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15189360/the-effect-of-metformin-on-blood-pressure-plasma-cholesterol-and-triglycerides-in-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-a-systematic-review
#30
REVIEW
M G Wulffelé, A Kooy, D de Zeeuw, C D A Stehouwer, R T Gansevoort
BACKGROUND: The UKPDS 34 showed that intensive treatment with metformin significantly reduces macrovascular end-points and mortality in individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes compared with intensive treatment with insulin or sulphonylurea derivatives, despite similar glycaemic control. How this should be explained is as yet unclear. We hypothesized that metformin may have a glucose-lowering independent effect on blood pressure and lipid profile. In order to test this hypothesis we systematically reviewed the literature and pooled the data obtained in a meta-analysis...
July 2004: Journal of Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/12896940/what-happened-to-the-valid-poems-a-survey-of-review-articles-on-the-treatment-of-type-2-diabetes
#31
REVIEW
Allen F Shaughnessy, David C Slawson
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate systematically the review literature on type 2 diabetes to assess transmission of the findings of the United Kingdom prospective diabetes study (UKPDS), an important source of recent valid patient oriented evidence that matters (POEMs). DESIGN: Inception cohort analysis of the recent medical literature. STUDIES REVIEWED: Thirty five reviews on treatment of type 2 diabetes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presentation of three types of information from UKPDS in review articles: recommendations based on patient oriented outcomes of study; recommendations contradicted by patient oriented outcomes of study; and recommendations based on disease oriented outcomes for which no patient oriented evidence exists...
August 2, 2003: BMJ: British Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10895836/therapeutic-benefits-of-ace-inhibitors-and-other-antihypertensive-drugs-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Pahor, B M Psaty, M H Alderman, W B Applegate, J D Williamson, C D Furberg
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether ACE inhibitors are superior to alternative agents for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study is a review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that included patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension who were randomized to an ACE inhibitor or an alternative drug, were followed for > or =2 years, and had adjudicated cardiovascular events...
July 2000: Diabetes Care
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