keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430840/inheritance-of-epigenetic-transcriptional-memory
#21
REVIEW
Tiffany Ge, Jason H Brickner
Epigenetic memory allows organisms to stably alter their transcriptional program in response to developmental or environmental stimuli. Such transcriptional programs are mediated by heritable regulation of the function of enhancers and promoters. Memory involves read-write systems that enable self-propagation and mitotic inheritance of cis-acting epigenetic marks to induce stable changes in transcription. Also, in response to environmental cues, cells can induce epigenetic transcriptional memory to poise inducible genes for faster induction in the future...
February 29, 2024: Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427495/mono-and-biallelic-inactivation-of-huntingtin-gene-in-patient-specific-induced-pluripotent-stem-cells-reveal-htt-roles-in-striatal-development-and-neuronal-functions
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Morgane Louessard, Michel Cailleret, Margot Jarrige, Julie Bigarreau, Sophie Lenoir, Noëlle Dufour, Maria Rey, Frédéric Saudou, Nicole Deglon, Anselme L Perrier
BACKGROUND: Mutations in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene cause Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disorder. As a scaffold protein, HTT is involved in numerous cellular functions, but its normal and pathogenic functions during human forebrain development are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the developmental component of HD, with a specific emphasis on understanding the functions of wild-type and mutant HTT alleles during forebrain neuron development in individuals carrying HD mutations...
February 24, 2024: Journal of Huntington's Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426218/nek2-plays-an-essential-role-in-porcine-embryonic-development-by-maintaining-mitotic-division-and-dna-damage-response-via-the-wnt-%C3%AE-catenin-signalling-pathway
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Se-Been Jeon, Pil-Soo Jeong, Hyo-Gu Kang, Min Ju Kim, Ji Hyeon Yun, Kyung Seob Lim, Bong-Seok Song, Sun-Uk Kim, Seong-Keun Cho, Bo-Woong Sim
NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates mitosis and plays pivotal roles in cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. However, its function in porcine embryonic development is unknown. In this study, we used an NEK2-specific inhibitor, JH295 (JH), to investigate the role of NEK2 in embryonic development and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Inhibition of NEK2 after parthenogenesis activation or in vitro fertilization significantly reduced the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation, the numbers of trophectoderm and total cells and the cellular survival rate compared with the control condition...
March 1, 2024: Cell Proliferation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416817/the-molecular-basis-of-cell-memory-in-mammals-the-epigenetic-cycle
#24
REVIEW
Mencía Espinosa-Martínez, María Alcázar-Fabra, David Landeira
Cell memory refers to the capacity of cells to maintain their gene expression program once the initiating environmental signal has ceased. This exceptional feature is key during the formation of mammalian organisms, and it is believed to be in part mediated by epigenetic factors that can endorse cells with the landmarks required to maintain transcriptional programs upon cell duplication. Here, we review current literature analyzing the molecular basis of epigenetic memory in mammals, with a focus on the mechanisms by which transcriptionally repressive chromatin modifications such as methylation of DNA and histone H3 are propagated through mitotic cell divisions...
March 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415809/temporal-transcriptomic-dynamics-in-developing-macaque-neocortex
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Longjiang Xu, Zan Yuan, Jiafeng Zhou, Yuan Zhao, Wei Liu, Shuaiyao Lu, Zhanlong He, Boqin Qiang, Pengcheng Shu, Yang Chen, Xiaozhong Peng
Despite intense research on mice, the transcriptional regulation of neocortical neurogenesis remains limited in humans and non-human primates. Cortical development in rhesus macaque is known to recapitulate multiple facets of cortical development in humans, including the complex composition of neural stem cells and the thicker supragranular layer. To characterize temporal shifts in transcriptomic programming responsible for differentiation from stem cells to neurons, we sampled parietal lobes of rhesus macaque at E40, E50, E70, E80, and E90, spanning the full period of prenatal neurogenesis...
February 28, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415071/the-cdc14-phosphatase-clp1-does-not-affect-genome-expression
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luis Lopez Maury, Liping Ren, Shaimaa Hassan, Jürg Bähler, Kathleen L Gould
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Clp1 is a Cdc14-family phosphatase that reverses mitotic Cdk1 phosphorylation. Despite evolutionary conservation, Clp1 's mammalian orthologs do not share this function. Rather, higher eukaryotic Cdc14 enzymes act in DNA repair, ciliogenesis, and gene regulation. To examine if Clp1 regulates gene expression, we compared the transcriptional profiles of cells lacking Clp1 function to that of wildtype. Because clp1∆ cells are sensitive to the actin depolymerizing drug, LatrunculinA, we also investigated whether a transcriptional response was involved...
2024: microPublication. Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413974/primary-cilia-promote-the-differentiation-of-human-neurons-through-the-wnt-signaling-pathway
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Coschiera, Masahito Yoshihara, Gilbert Lauter, Sini Ezer, Mariangela Pucci, Haonan Li, Alan Kavšek, Christian G Riedel, Juha Kere, Peter Swoboda
BACKGROUND: Primary cilia emanate from most human cell types, including neurons. Cilia are important for communicating with the cell's immediate environment: signal reception and transduction to/from the ciliated cell. Deregulation of ciliary signaling can lead to ciliopathies and certain neurodevelopmental disorders. In the developing brain cilia play well-documented roles for the expansion of the neural progenitor cell pool, while information about the roles of cilia during post-mitotic neuron differentiation and maturation is scarce...
February 27, 2024: BMC Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413710/male-meiotic-spindle-poles-are-stabilized-by-tacc3-and-ckap5-chtog-differently-from-female-meiotic-or-somatic-mitotic-spindles-in-mice
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Calvin Simerly, Emily Robertson, Caleb Harrison, Sydney Ward, Charlize George, Jasmine Deleon, Carrie Hartnett, Gerald Schatten
Transforming acidic acid coiled-coil protein 3 (TACC3) and cytoskeleton associated protein 5 (cKAP5; or colonic hepatic tumor overexpressed gene, chTOG) are vital for spindle assembly and stabilization initiated through TACC3 Aurora-A kinase interaction. Here, TACC3 and cKAP5/chTOG localization with monospecific antibodies is investigated in eGFP-centrin-2- expressing mouse meiotic spermatocytes. Both proteins bind spermatocyte spindle poles but neither kinetochore nor interpolar microtubules, unlike in mitotic mouse fibroblasts or female meiotic oocyte spindles...
February 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413671/author-correction-developing-a-prognosis-and-chemotherapy-evaluating-model-for-colon-adenocarcinoma-based-on-mitotic-catastrophe-related-genes
#29
Yinglei Liu, Yamin Zhao, Siming Zhang, Shen Rong, Songnian He, Liqi Hua, Xingdan Wang, Hongjian Chen
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411169/control-of-meiotic-entry-by-dual-inhibition-of-a-key-mitotic-transcription-factor
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elçin Ünal, Amanda J Su, Siri C Yendluri
The mitosis to meiosis transition requires dynamic changes in gene expression, but whether and how the mitotic transcriptional machinery is regulated during this transition is unknown. In budding yeast, SBF and MBF transcription factors initiate the mitotic gene expression program. Here, we report two mechanisms that work together to restrict SBF activity during meiotic entry: repression of the SBF-specific Swi4 subunit through LUTI-based regulation and inhibition of SBF by Whi5, a functional homolog of the Rb tumor suppressor...
February 27, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38408206/regulation-of-early-spermatogenesis-in-the-giant-prawn-macrobrachium-rosenbergii-by-a-gcl-homolog
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan Molcho, Dana Albagly, Tom Levy, Rivka Manor, Eliahu D Aflalo, Jorge Alfaro-Montoya, Amir Sagi
The germ cell-less (GCL) gene is crucial for gonad development in various organisms. Early interventions in its expression suggested a regulatory role at the mitotic stages of spermatogenesis, and its early knockout resulted in complete sterility in Drosophila. Genomic and transcriptomic data available for the catadromous giant prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii enabled the identification of a GCL homolog for this species, which we termed MroGCL (mRNA accession number OQ533056). An open reading frame (ORF) containing 494 amino acids and a typical evolutionarily conserved BTB/POZ domain suggests possible protein-protein interaction functions in keeping with the Drosophila GCL protein...
February 26, 2024: Biology of Reproduction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38405913/transcription-factors-with-broad-expression-in-the-zebrafish-spinal-cord
#32
Samantha J England, Paul C Campbell, Richard L Bates, Ginny Grieb, William F Fancher, Katharine E Lewis
BACKGROUND: The spinal cord is a crucial part of the vertebrate central nervous system, controlling movements and receiving and processing sensory information from the trunk and limbs. However, there is much we do not know about how this essential organ develops. Here, we describe expression of 22 transcription factor genes in the zebrafish spinal cord. RESULTS: We analyzed the spinal cord expression of aurkb, foxb1a, foxb1b, her8a, homeza, ivns1abpb, mybl2b, myt1a, nr2f1b, onecut1, sall1a, sall3a, sall3b, sall4, sox2, sox19b, sp8b, tsc22d1, wdhd1, zfhx3b, znf804a, and znf1032 in wild-type and MIB E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 zebrafish embryos...
February 15, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396984/assessment-of-ras-raf-mapk-pathway-mutation-status-in-healthy-skin-benign-nevi-and-cutaneous-melanomas-pilot-study-using-droplet-digital-pcr
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena-Georgiana Dobre, Luciana Nichita, Cristiana Popp, Sabina Zurac, Monica Neagu
In the present study, we employed the ddPCR and IHC techniques to assess the prevalence and roles of RAS and RAF mutations in a small batch of melanoma ( n = 22), benign moles ( n = 15), and normal skin samples ( n = 15). Mutational screening revealed the coexistence of BRAF and NRAS mutations in melanomas and nevi and the occurrence of NRAS G12/G13 variants in healthy skin. All investigated nevi had driver mutations in the BRAF or NRAS genes and elevated p16 protein expression, indicating cell cycle arrest despite an increased mutational burden...
February 15, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396175/expression-of-the-checkpoint-kinase-bub1-is-a-predictor-of-response-to-cancer-therapies
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ylenia Cicirò, Denise Ragusa, Arturo Sala
The identification of clinically-relevant biomarkers is of upmost importance for the management of cancer, from diagnosis to treatment choices. We performed a pan-cancer analysis of the mitotic checkpoint budding uninhibited by benzimidazole 1 gene BUB1, in the attempt to ascertain its diagnostic and prognostic values, specifically in the context of drug response. BUB1 was found to be overexpressed in the majority of cancers, and particularly elevated in clinically aggressive molecular subtypes. Its expression was correlated with clinico-phenotypic features, notably tumour staging, size, invasion, hypoxia, and stemness...
February 23, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38393934/upregulation-of-vesicle-associated-membrane-protein-7-in-breast-cancer-tissues
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Huang, Mei Wu, Jian-Di Li, Zhen Qin, Ke-Qiang Huang, Jin-Zhu Cui, Hai-Ling Ou
BACKGROUND: Vesicle-associated membrane protein 7 (VAMP7) plays oncogenic roles in cancers. However, its clinical significance in breast cancer (BC) tissues remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the clinical implications of VAMP7, as well as its involvement in the tumor microenvironment and molecular pathways of breast cancer. METHODS: BC (n=100) and non-cancerous breast tissues (n= 100) were collected for an immunohistochemical experiment (1:200)...
January 30, 2024: Technology and Health Care: Official Journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38391347/intrathyroidal-thymic-carcinoma-not-so-indolent-a-neoplasm
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K R Anila, Iswarya S Nair, Lekha M Nair, Shaji Thomas
Intrathyroidal thymic carcinoma (ITC) is a very rare malignant epithelial tumor of the thyroid gland with thymic epithelial differentiation. Here, we are reporting the case of an eighty-year-old man who at presentation had extrathyroidal spread to the larynx and metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Though the tumor had a relatively low-grade morphology, there were areas of high mitotic activity with areas of necrosis. The classically described ivory-white gross appearance of the tumor, histomorphology of thick bands dividing the tumor into lobules, squamous cell differentiation, tight whorls of cells resembling Hassall's corpuscle, and areas showing dense lymphocytic infiltration, together with an immunoprofile of CD5, Ckit, Tumor protein 63 (p63), and B-cell lymphoma 2 gene (bcl2) positivity, helped in diagnosing this rare entity...
June 21, 2023: Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38386414/ectopic-expression-of-transcription-factor-onecut3-drives-complex-karyotype-in-myelodysplastic-syndromes
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yingwan Luo, Xiaomin Feng, Wei Lang, Weihong Xu, Wei Wang, Chen Mei, Li Ye, Shuanghong Zhu, Lu Wang, Xinping Zhou, Huimin Zeng, Liya Ma, Yanling Ren, Jie Jin, Rongzhen Xu, Gang Huang, Hongyan Tong
Chromosomal instability is a prominent biological feature of Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS), with over 50% of MDS patients harboring chromosomal abnormalities or a complex karyotype. Despite this observation, the mechanisms underlying mitotic and chromosomal defects in MDS remain elusive. In this study, we identified a ectopic expression of transcription factor ONECUT3, associated with complex karyotypes and poorer survival outcomes in MDS. ONECUT3-overexpressing cell models exhibited enrichment of several notable pathways, including signatures of sister chromosome exchange separation and mitotic nuclear division with the upregulation of INCENP and CDCA8 genes...
February 22, 2024: Journal of Clinical Investigation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38384136/natural-killer-cell-based-signature-prognostic-analysis-in-head-and-neck-squamous-cell-carcinoma
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zizhao Guo, Yuxia Zhao, Meng Xu, Long Zhao, Xiaolei Wang
BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is a challenging cancer with significant clinical implications. Natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as important players in tumor immunosurveillance, yet their role and potential as prognostic biomarkers in HNSC remain unclear. METHODS: Quantitative analysis using multiple algorithms identified FCRL1, KIR3DL2 and ZNF541 as molecules significantly associated with local NK cell infiltration and patient survival...
February 2024: Journal of Gene Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38383319/manzamine-a-alters-in-vitro-calvarial-osteoclast-function
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tyler Maykovich, Samantha Hardy, Mark T Hamann, James Cray
Manzamine-A is a marine-derived alkaloid that has demonstrated antimalarial and antiproliferative properties and is an emerging drug lead compound as a possible intervention in certain cancers. This compound has been found to modulate SIX1 gene expression, a target that is critical for the proliferation and survival of cells via various developmental pathways. As yet, little research has focused on manzamine-A and how its use may affect tissue systems including bone. Here we hypothesized that manzamine-A, through its interaction with SIX1 , would alter precursor cells that give rise to the bone cell responsible for remodeling: the osteoclast...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Natural Products
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38382674/the-splicing-factor-prpf31-is-required-for-hematopoietic-stem-and-progenitor-cell-expansion-during-zebrafish-embryogenesis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuexia Lv, Jingzhen Li, Shanshan Yu, Yangjun Zhang, Hualei Hu, Kui Sun, Danna Jia, Yunqiao Han, Jiayi Tu, Yuwen Huang, Xiliang Liu, Xianghan Zhang, Pan Gao, Xiang Chen, Mark Thomas Shaw Williams, Zhaohui Tang, Xinhua Shu, Mugen Liu, Xiang Ren
Pre-mRNA splicing is a precise regulated process, and is crucial for system development and homeostasis maintenance. Mutations in spliceosomal components have been found in various hematopoietic malignancies (HMs), and have been considered as oncogenic derivers of HMs. However, the role of spliceosomal components in normal and malignant hematopoiesis remain largely unknown. Pre-mRNA processing factor 31 (PRPF31) is a constitutive spliceosomal component, which mutations are associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa...
February 19, 2024: Journal of Biological Chemistry
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