keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466053/comprehensive-analysis-indicated-that-nde1-is-a-potential-biomarker-for-pan-cancer-and-promotes-bladder-cancer-progression
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peihan Wang, Jinzhuo Ning, Wu Chen, Fan Zou, Weimin Yu, Ting Rao, Fan Cheng
BACKGROUND: The nuclear distribution E homologue 1 (NDE1) is a crucial dynein binding partner. The NDE1 protein has the potential to disrupt the normal functioning of centrosomes, leading to a compromised ability to generate spindles and ensure precise separation of chromosomes during cell division. The potential consequences of this phenomenon include genomic instability, malignant transformation and the proliferation of neoplastic growths. However, studies examining the connection between NDE1 and cancer is still very rare...
March 2024: Cancer Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465220/cytokinin-signaling-promotes-root-secondary-growth-and-bud-formation-in-panax-ginseng
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyoung Rok Geem, Yookyung Lim, Jeongeui Hong, Wonsil Bae, Jinsu Lee, Soeun Han, Jinsu Gil, Hyunwoo Cho, Hojin Ryu
BACKGROUND: Panax ginseng , one of the valuable perennial medicinal plants, stores numerous pharmacological substrates in its storage roots. Given its perennial growth habit, organ regeneration occurs each year, and cambium stem cell activity is necessary for secondary growth and storage root formation. Cytokinin (CK) is a phytohormone involved in the maintenance of meristematic cells for the development of storage organs; however, its physiological role in storage-root secondary growth remains unknown...
March 2024: Journal of Ginseng Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464517/key-candidate-genes-and-pathways-in-t-lymphoblastic-leukemia-lymphoma-identified-by-bioinformatics-and-serological-analyses
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yansong Ren, Haoyue Liang, Yali Huang, Yuyang Miao, Ruihua Li, Junlian Qiang, Lihong Wu, Jinfeng Qi, Ying Li, Yonghui Xia, Lunhui Huang, Shoulei Wang, Xiaodong Kong, Yuan Zhou, Qiang Zhang, Guoqing Zhu
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T - ALL)/T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is an uncommon but highly aggressive hematological malignancy. It has high recurrence and mortality rates and is challenging to treat. This study conducted bioinformatics analyses, compared genetic expression profiles of healthy controls with patients having T-ALL/T-LBL, and verified the results through serological indicators. Data were acquired from the GSE48558 dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). T-ALL patients and normal T cells-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated using the online analysis tool GEO2R in GEO, identifying 78 upregulated and 130 downregulated genes...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464252/lysine-demethylase-4a-is-a-centrosome-associated-protein-required-for-centrosome-integrity-and-genomic-stability
#24
Pratim Chowdhury, Xiaoli Wang, Julia F Love, Sofia Vargas-Hernandez, Yuya Nakatani, Sandra L Grimm, Dereck Mezquita, Frank M Mason, Elisabeth D Martinez, Cristian Coarfa, Cheryl L Walker, Anna-Karin Gustavsson, Ruhee Dere
Centrosomes play a fundamental role in nucleating and organizing microtubules in the cell and are vital for faithful chromosome segregation and maintenance of genomic stability. Loss of structural or functional integrity of centrosomes causes genomic instability and is a driver of oncogenesis. The lysine demethylase 4A (KDM4A) is an epigenetic 'eraser' of chromatin methyl marks, which we show also localizes to the centrosome with single molecule resolution. We additionally discovered KDM4A demethylase enzymatic activity is required to maintain centrosome homeostasis, and is required for centrosome integrity, a new functionality unlinked to altered expression of genes regulating centrosome number...
February 21, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463966/a-multi-looping-chromatin-signature-predicts-dysregulated-gene-expression-in-neurons-with-familial-alzheimer-s-disease-mutations
#25
Harshini Chandrashekar, Zoltan Simandi, Heesun Choi, Han-Seul Ryu, Abraham J Waldman, Alexandria Nikish, Srikar S Muppidi, Wanfeng Gong, Dominik Paquet, Jennifer E Phillips-Cremins
Mammalian genomes fold into tens of thousands of long-range loops, but their functional role and physiologic relevance remain poorly understood. Here, using human post-mitotic neurons with rare familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) mutations, we identify hundreds of reproducibly dysregulated genes and thousands of miswired loops prior to amyloid accumulation and tau phosphorylation. Single loops do not predict expression changes; however, the severity and direction of change in mRNA levels and single-cell burst frequency strongly correlate with the number of FAD-gained or -lost promoter-enhancer loops...
February 27, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462164/o-glcnacylation-stimulates-the-deubiquitination-activity-of-usp16-and-regulates-cell-cycle-progression
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianxin Zhao, Jie Hua, Yahui Zhan, Chunxu Chen, Yue Liu, Liqian Yang, Haiying Wang, Hengbin Wang, Jing Li
Histone 2A monoubiquitination (uH2A) underscores a key epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In this report, we show that the deubiquitinase (DUB) for uH2A, Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 16 (USP16), is modified by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). O-GlcNAcylation involves the installation of the O-GlcNAc moiety to Ser/Thr residues. It crosstalks with Ser/Thr phosphorylation, affects protein-protein interaction, alters enzyme activity or protein folding, and changes protein subcellular localization...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Biological Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461424/investigating-the-mechanisms-of-drug-resistance-and-prognosis-in-ovarian-cancer-using-single-cell-rna-sequencing-and-bulk-rna-sequencing
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengfei Liu, Jinbao Liu, Jinxing Liu, Xiao Yu
Ovarian cancer stands as a prevalent malignancy within the realm of gynecology, and the emergence of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents remains a pivotal impediment to both prognosis and treatment. Through a single-cell level investigation, we scrutinize the drug resistance and mitotic activity of the core tumor cells in ovarian cancer. Our study revisits the interrelationships and temporal trajectories of distinct epithelial cells (EPCs) subpopulations, while identifying genes associated with ovarian cancer prognosis...
March 8, 2024: Aging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460673/intra-abdominal-epithelioid-neoplasm-with-ewsr1-creb-fusions-involving-the-kidney-a-clinicopathologic-and-molecular-characterization-with-an-emphasis-on-differential-diagnosis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming Zhao, Hualei Gan, Shan Zhong, Qiuyan Xia, Yanfeng Bai, Jiayun Xu, Xiaodong Teng, Jian Wang
Soft tissue neoplasms harboring fusions between EWSR1 or FUS with genes encoding CREB transcription factors family (ATF1, CREB1, and CREM) are an emerging heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumors that differ significantly in morphology, immunophenotypes, and behavior. Recently, EWSR1/FUS::CREB fusions have been recognized to define a group of aggressive neoplasms of epithelioid morphology with multiple growth patterns and a striking predilection for mesothelial-lined cavities. These neoplasms presenting as a primary neoplasm of intra-abdominal visceral organs is rare, which could elicit a wide range of differential diagnoses due to their diverse morphologies and immunohistochemical profiles...
March 7, 2024: Modern Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452915/mobile-phone-specific-radiation-disturbs-cytokinesis-and-causes-cell-death-but-not-acute-chromosomal-damage-in-buccal-cells-results-of-a-controlled-human-intervention-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Kundi, Armen Nersesyan, Gernot Schmid, Hans-Peter Hutter, Florian Eibensteiner, Miroslav Mišík, Siegfried Knasmüller
Several human studies indicate that mobile phone specific electromagnetic fields may cause cancer in humans but the underlying molecular mechanisms are currently not known. Studies concerning chromosomal damage (which is causally related to cancer induction) are controversial and are based on the use of questionnaires to assess the exposure. We realized the first human intervention trial in which chromosomal damage and acute toxic effects were studied under controlled conditions. The participants were exposed via headsets at one randomly assigned side of the head to low and high doses of a UMTS signal (n = 20, to 0...
March 5, 2024: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449737/ezh2-inhibition-reactivates-epigenetically-silenced-fmr1-and-normalizes-molecular-and-electrophysiological-abnormalities-in-fragile-x-syndrome-neurons
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minggang Fang, Sara K Deibler, Pranathi Meda Krishnamurthy, Feng Wang, Paola Rodriguez, Shahid Banday, Ching-Man Virbasius, Miguel Sena-Esteves, Jonathan K Watts, Michael R Green
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a neurological disorder caused by epigenetic silencing of the FMR1 gene. Reactivation of FMR1 is a potential therapeutic approach for FXS that would correct the root cause of the disease. Here, using a candidate-based shRNA screen, we identify nine epigenetic repressors that promote silencing of FMR1 in FXS cells (called FMR1 Silencing Factors, or FMR1 - SFs). Inhibition of FMR1 -SFs with shRNAs or small molecules reactivates FMR1 in cultured undifferentiated induced pluripotent stem cells, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and post-mitotic neurons derived from FXS patients...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446663/rnap-ii-antagonizes-mitotic-chromatin-folding-and-chromosome-segregation-by-condensin
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jérémy Lebreton, Léonard Colin, Elodie Chatre, Pascal Bernard
Condensin shapes mitotic chromosomes by folding chromatin into loops, but whether it does so by DNA-loop extrusion remains speculative. Although loop-extruding cohesin is stalled by transcription, the impact of transcription on condensin, which is enriched at highly expressed genes in many species, remains unclear. Using degrons of Rpb1 or the torpedo nuclease Dhp1XRN2 to either deplete or displace RNAPII on chromatin in fission yeast metaphase cells, we show that RNAPII does not load condensin on DNA. Instead, RNAPII retains condensin in cis and hinders its ability to fold mitotic chromatin and to support chromosome segregation, consistent with the stalling of a loop extruder...
March 5, 2024: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442839/bee-venom-genotoxicity-on-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-cells-the-role-of-mitochondria-and-yap1-transcription-factor
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teodora Todorova, Krassimir Boyadzhiev, Martin Dimitrov, Petya Parvanova
The present work aims to clarify the genotype differences of a model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae in response to bee venom. The study evaluated various endpoints including cell survival, induction of physiologically active superoxide anions, mitotic gene conversion, mitotic crossing-over, reverse mutations, DNA double-strand breaks, and Ty1 retrotransposition. The role of the intact mitochondria and the YAP1 transcription factor was also evaluated. Our results indicate a genotype-specific response. The first experimental evidence has been provided that bee venom induces physiologically active superoxide anions and DNA double-strand breaks in S...
March 3, 2024: Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441556/lack-of-ccdc146-a-ubiquitous-centriole-and-microtubule-associated-protein-leads-to-non-syndromic-male-infertility-in-human-and-mouse
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jana Muroňová, Zine Eddine Kherraf, Elsa Giordani, Emeline Lambert, Simon Eckert, Caroline Cazin, Amir Amiri-Yekta, Magali Court, Geneviève Chevalier, Guillaume Martinez, Yasmine Neirijnck, Francoise Kühne, Lydia Wehrli, Nikolai Klena, Virginie Hamel, Lisa De Macedo, Jessica Escoffier, Paul Guichard, Charles Coutton, Selima Fourati Ben Mustapha, Mahmoud Kharouf, Anne-Pacale Bouin, Raoudha Zouari, Nicolas Thierry-Mieg, Serge Nef, Stefan Geimer, Corinne Loeuillet, Pierre F Ray, Christophe Arnoult
From a cohort of 167 infertile patients suffering from multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagellum (MMAF), pathogenic bi-allelic mutations were identified in the CCDC146 gene. In somatic cells, CCDC146 is located at the centrosome and at multiple microtubule-related organelles during mitotic division, suggesting that it is a microtubule-associated protein (MAP). To decipher the molecular pathogenesis of infertility associated with CCDC146 mutations, a Ccdc146 knock-out (KO) mouse line was created...
March 5, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430840/inheritance-of-epigenetic-transcriptional-memory
#34
REVIEW
Tiffany Ge, Jason H Brickner
Epigenetic memory allows organisms to stably alter their transcriptional program in response to developmental or environmental stimuli. Such transcriptional programs are mediated by heritable regulation of the function of enhancers and promoters. Memory involves read-write systems that enable self-propagation and mitotic inheritance of cis-acting epigenetic marks to induce stable changes in transcription. Also, in response to environmental cues, cells can induce epigenetic transcriptional memory to poise inducible genes for faster induction in the future...
April 2024: Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427495/mono-and-biallelic-inactivation-of-huntingtin-gene-in-patient-specific-induced-pluripotent-stem-cells-reveal-htt-roles-in-striatal-development-and-neuronal-functions
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Morgane Louessard, Michel Cailleret, Margot Jarrige, Julie Bigarreau, Sophie Lenoir, Noëlle Dufour, Maria Rey, Frédéric Saudou, Nicole Deglon, Anselme L Perrier
BACKGROUND: Mutations in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene cause Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disorder. As a scaffold protein, HTT is involved in numerous cellular functions, but its normal and pathogenic functions during human forebrain development are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the developmental component of HD, with a specific emphasis on understanding the functions of wild-type and mutant HTT alleles during forebrain neuron development in individuals carrying HD mutations...
February 24, 2024: Journal of Huntington's Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426218/nek2-plays-an-essential-role-in-porcine-embryonic-development-by-maintaining-mitotic-division-and-dna-damage-response-via-the-wnt-%C3%AE-catenin-signalling-pathway
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Se-Been Jeon, Pil-Soo Jeong, Hyo-Gu Kang, Min Ju Kim, Ji Hyeon Yun, Kyung Seob Lim, Bong-Seok Song, Sun-Uk Kim, Seong-Keun Cho, Bo-Woong Sim
NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates mitosis and plays pivotal roles in cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. However, its function in porcine embryonic development is unknown. In this study, we used an NEK2-specific inhibitor, JH295 (JH), to investigate the role of NEK2 in embryonic development and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Inhibition of NEK2 after parthenogenesis activation or in vitro fertilization significantly reduced the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation, the numbers of trophectoderm and total cells and the cellular survival rate compared with the control condition...
March 1, 2024: Cell Proliferation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416817/the-molecular-basis-of-cell-memory-in-mammals-the-epigenetic-cycle
#37
REVIEW
Mencía Espinosa-Martínez, María Alcázar-Fabra, David Landeira
Cell memory refers to the capacity of cells to maintain their gene expression program once the initiating environmental signal has ceased. This exceptional feature is key during the formation of mammalian organisms, and it is believed to be in part mediated by epigenetic factors that can endorse cells with the landmarks required to maintain transcriptional programs upon cell duplication. Here, we review current literature analyzing the molecular basis of epigenetic memory in mammals, with a focus on the mechanisms by which transcriptionally repressive chromatin modifications such as methylation of DNA and histone H3 are propagated through mitotic cell divisions...
March 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415809/temporal-transcriptomic-dynamics-in-developing-macaque-neocortex
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Longjiang Xu, Zan Yuan, Jiafeng Zhou, Yuan Zhao, Wei Liu, Shuaiyao Lu, Zhanlong He, Boqin Qiang, Pengcheng Shu, Yang Chen, Xiaozhong Peng
Despite intense research on mice, the transcriptional regulation of neocortical neurogenesis remains limited in humans and non-human primates. Cortical development in rhesus macaque is known to recapitulate multiple facets of cortical development in humans, including the complex composition of neural stem cells and the thicker supragranular layer. To characterize temporal shifts in transcriptomic programming responsible for differentiation from stem cells to neurons, we sampled parietal lobes of rhesus macaque at E40, E50, E70, E80, and E90, spanning the full period of prenatal neurogenesis...
February 28, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415071/the-cdc14-phosphatase-clp1-does-not-affect-genome-expression
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luis Lopez Maury, Liping Ren, Shaimaa Hassan, Jürg Bähler, Kathleen L Gould
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Clp1 is a Cdc14-family phosphatase that reverses mitotic Cdk1 phosphorylation. Despite evolutionary conservation, Clp1 's mammalian orthologs do not share this function. Rather, higher eukaryotic Cdc14 enzymes act in DNA repair, ciliogenesis, and gene regulation. To examine if Clp1 regulates gene expression, we compared the transcriptional profiles of cells lacking Clp1 function to that of wildtype. Because clp1∆ cells are sensitive to the actin depolymerizing drug, LatrunculinA, we also investigated whether a transcriptional response was involved...
2024: microPublication. Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413974/primary-cilia-promote-the-differentiation-of-human-neurons-through-the-wnt-signaling-pathway
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Coschiera, Masahito Yoshihara, Gilbert Lauter, Sini Ezer, Mariangela Pucci, Haonan Li, Alan Kavšek, Christian G Riedel, Juha Kere, Peter Swoboda
BACKGROUND: Primary cilia emanate from most human cell types, including neurons. Cilia are important for communicating with the cell's immediate environment: signal reception and transduction to/from the ciliated cell. Deregulation of ciliary signaling can lead to ciliopathies and certain neurodevelopmental disorders. In the developing brain cilia play well-documented roles for the expansion of the neural progenitor cell pool, while information about the roles of cilia during post-mitotic neuron differentiation and maturation is scarce...
February 27, 2024: BMC Biology
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