Histiocytic sarcoma

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare hematologic malignancy that has historically been treated with lymphoma-based regimens with a median survival of 6 months. We describe a case of a 51-year-old woman who presented with acute back pain and cord compression. She was diagnosed with HS with diffuse skeletal lesions and high expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). She was subsequently treated with chemotherapy plus off-label use of pembrolizumab followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Ultimately, the patient died in the setting of progression of disease 17 months after her stem cell transplantation and 26 months after her diagnosis...

This study provides a unique translational research opportunity to help both humans and dogs diagnosed with diseases that carry dismal prognoses in both species: histiocytic sarcoma (HS), hemangiosarcoma (HSA), and disseminated mastocytosis/mast cell tumor (MCT). While exceedingly rare in humans, these so called "orphan diseases" are relatively more common in dogs. For these and other, more commonplace cancers like lymphoma (Lym), dogs are an excellent translational model for human disease, due to remarkably similar disease biology...

INTRODUCTION: Patients with histiocytic sarcoma occurring in the central nervous system (CNS) are rare and have a very poor prognosis. The increased use of molecular diagnostic approaches in solid tumors has brought more opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma (CNSHS). CASE DESCRIPTION: A 9-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital with pain in her head and neck, as well as vomiting. Imaging scans showed a prominent abnormality in the anterior falciform region, and histopathology revealed the presence of CD68 (+) and CD163 (+) cells, leading to a preliminary diagnosis of primary intracerebral CNSHS...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an extremely rare malignancy in which there has been no standard treatment approach. Some preclinical studies have provided rationales for the application of immunotherapy in advanced HS. CASE PRESENTATION: The authors reported a case of a 61-year-old patient with metastatic HS who had a rapid progression on ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide chemotherapy. The authors performed PD-L1 testing, which showed a strong positivity in 90% of tumor cells...

A 6-year-old castrated male greyhound dog was referred for hemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma (HHS) diagnosed following splenectomy. Severe thrombocytopenia, mild hypoalbuminemia, mild hypocholesterolemia, and mild hyperbilirubinemia were present. Abdominal ultrasound findings were concerning for hepatic metastasis. Doxorubicin and zoledronate combination therapy was initiated. The dog improved clinically and its thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia resolved. The dog appeared well for 147 d before tumor progression was noted...

A cutaneous horn, referred to as a cornu cutaneum in Latin, presents as a mound of keratinizing epithelium. The etiology of the cutaneous horn is associated with the lesion at its base. In addition to numerous benign and malignant neoplasms, cutaneous horns may be related to infections and skin conditions. The features of a 22-year-old woman with a cutaneous horn associated with a recalcitrant verruca vulgaris on her left fifth toe are described. In addition, the characteristics of a 57-year-old man with an inverted follicular keratosis-related cutaneous horn on his upper lip are reported...

Disease monitoring of amphibian assurance populations is an important buffer against ongoing global extinctions. This study documents a high incidence of neoplasia in a zoo-managed assurance population of Puerto Rican crested toads ( Peltophryne lemur ; PRCTs). Over 5 years, neoplasia was diagnosed in 17/49 (35%) submitted adult PRCTs and was the cause of death or euthanasia in 13/17 (72%). Most toads were male (16/17; 94%) and 6 to 11-years-old (average 8.1 years). Notably, seven toads (41%) had multiple neoplasms...

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a common tumour in flat coat retrievers (FCRs) often affecting periarticular tissues and joints. Palliative-intent radiotherapy, seeks to achieve local tumour control, pain relief and improve limb function. However, the effect of palliative-intent radiotherapy on analgesic levels of dogs with localised HS has not been studied. We hypothesised that palliative-intent radiotherapy could improve lameness in dogs affected by localised HS. This study aimed to assess the impact of palliative-intent radiotherapy on lameness of FCRs with localised HS...

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Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an extremely rare and aggressive malignant neoplasm of hematopoietic origin that shows morphologic and immunophenotypic evidence of histiocytic differentiation. In approximately 25% of the cases, presumed transdifferentiation of a preexisting hematolymphoid disorder can be demonstrated. Various extranodal sites, particularly the gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, skin, and spleen, can be involved. Enhanced CT and FDG PET/CT findings of extranodal histiocytic sarcoma have been barely reported...

In this study, we performed a comprehensive molecular analysis of paired skin and peripheral blood/bone marrow (BM) samples from 17 patients with cutaneous myeloid or cutaneous histiocytic-dendritic neoplasms. The cutaneous manifestations included 10 patients with cutaneous acute myeloid leukemia (c-AML), 2 patients with full or partial Langerhans cell differentiation, 2 patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasms (BPDCN), 1 patient with both Langerhans cell differentiation and BPDCN, and 2 patients with full or partial indeterminate dendritic cell differentiation...

BACKGROUND: Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is defined as neoplasm resembling morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of mature histiocytes. It is a rare form of lymphoid neoplasms. Despite advances in treatment and diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma, majority of cases had poor prognosis due to progressive nature of the disease. In the following article, all reported cases of histiocytic sarcoma in renal transplant patients are reviewed. METHODS: In our literature review, all relevant reports were collected electronically by entering the necessary keywords...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare neoplasm with no known cause. This sarcoma is characterized by morphology similar to that demonstrated by mature tissue histiocytes and mostly afflicts adults. HSs typically have a poor prognosis due to a rapidly progressive clinical course. Our patient's case was unique due to its presentation four years after completion of treatment for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The patient experienced progression with initial therapy for HS. With dual immunotherapy and radiation, however, the patient has remained clinically stable without detectable disease...

Cancer cells activate telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMMs) to overcome senescence and thus are targets for TMM-specific therapies. Telomerase-independent alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is frequently utilized as a TMM in human sarcoma subtypes. Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare but aggressive tumor of hematopoietic origin with unknown ALT incidence in humans. ALT has been identified in canine HS, a tumor type comparable to human HS that occurs with high rates in certain canine breeds such as Bernese mountain dogs (BMDs)...

Histiocytic sarcoma is a malignant proliferation of cells that exhibit morphological and immunophenotypic features of mature histiocytes. Owing to its rarity, its clinical features and standard treatment have not yet been established. This report describes a case of histiocytic sarcoma of the palate that developed in a 76-year-old man, the first report of an intraoral histiocytic sarcoma. An extended resection was performed; however, establishing the excision line was extremely difficult because assessing the tumour boundary on imaging was challenging and the tumour underwent dynamic gross morphological changes following biopsy...

Histiocytic sarcoma is an uncommon hematological malignancy. Its occurrence in the lung is very rare. Due to the small number of cases and the clinical and pathological features of the disease, the diagnosis can be challenging. Its optimal treatment is not yet known, in locally confined cases - depending on the location and size - surgical removal is part of complex oncotherapy. We report the case of a 52-year-old man with a tumor of central localization in the left lung. Pulmonectomy was performed. Histology verified histiocytic sarcoma of the lung...

CASE SUMMARY: A 5-year-old female neutered Siberian Forest Cat presented with a 7-day history of lethargy, hyporexia and weight loss. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed bilateral renal changes suggestive of neoplasia. Thoracic radiography documented diffuse pulmonary nodules. The cat was euthanased during diagnostic investigations. Histopathological assessment and immunohistochemical staining of post-mortem renal biopsies were consistent with a histiocytic lesion, most likely histiocytic sarcoma (HS)...

Canine histiocytic sarcoma is an aggressive cancer, with a high rate of metastasis. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Synthetic analogues of curcumin have elicited potent anti-cancer activity in multiple in vitro and in vivo models of human cancer. Furthermore, the compound 3,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1-methylpiperidine-4-one (RL71) has recently exhibited potent cell cycle arrest and apoptotic induction in a canine osteosarcoma cell line. To determine its potency in canine histiocytic sarcoma cells, cell viability of DH82 and Nike cells was measured using the sulforhodamine B assay...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of splenic malignancy in cats undergoing splenectomy and to investigate possible factors associated with post-operative outcome. ANIMALS: 62 client-owned cats that underwent splenectomy. METHODS: Medical records of 4 UK-based referral hospitals were searched and data reviewed retrospectively over 17 years. Factors associated with outcomes post-splenectomy were analyzed. RESULTS: 50 out of 62 cats (81%) were diagnosed with splenic neoplasia...