Norwood transfusion

OBJECTIVES: There is little evidence guiding the management of grade I-II traumatic splenic injuries with contrast blush (CB). We aimed to analyze the failure rate of nonoperative management (NOM) of grade I-II splenic injuries with CB in hemodynamically stable patients. METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study examining all grade I-II splenic injuries with CB was performed at 21 institutions from January 1, 2014, to October 31, 2019. Patients >18 years old with grade I or II splenic injury due to blunt trauma with CB on CT were included...

BACKGROUND: This study updates the American Association for Surgery of Trauma (AAST) Organ Injury Scale (OIS) for renal trauma using evidence-based criteria for bleeding control intervention. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of a multi-center retrospective study including patients with high grade renal trauma from 7 Level-1 trauma centers from 2013-2018. All eligible patients were assigned new renal trauma grades based on revised criteria. The primary outcome used to measure injury severity was intervention for renal bleeding...

OBJECTIVE: To report early outcomes of blood conservation in neonatal open-heart surgery. METHODS: Ninety-nine patients undergoing neonatal open-heart surgery during the implementation of a blood conservation program between May 2021 and February 2023 were reviewed. Patients either received traditional blood management (blood prime, n = 43) or received blood conservation strategies (clear prime, n = 56). Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared between groups...

PURPOSE: To investigate management trends for American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade V renal trauma with focus on non-operative management. METHODS: We used prospectively collected data as part of the Multi-institutional Genito-Urinary Trauma Study (MiGUTS). We included patients with grade V renal trauma according to the AAST Injury Scoring Scale 2018 update. All cases submitted by participating centers with radiology images available were independently reviewed to confirm renal trauma grade...

OBJECTIVE: The hemoglobin threshold for a decision to transfuse red blood cells in univentricular patients with parallel circulation is unclear. A pediatric expertise initiative put forth a "weak recommendation" for avoiding reflexive transfusion beyond a hemoglobin of 9 g/dL. We have created a mathematical model to assess the impact of hemoglobin thresholds in patients with parallel circulation. METHODS: A univentricular circulation was mathematically modeled...

Packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions are commonly administered in pediatric patients following the Norwood operation. This study was conducted to determine the effect of PRBC transfusions on hemodynamic parameters in pediatric patients with single-ventricle physiology and parallel circulation. A single-center, retrospective chart review was conducted. Pediatric patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit after Norwood operation between 2017 and 2018 were identified. Hemodynamic parameters were collected within a four-hour period before and after a PRBC transfusion...

The transfusion of stored RBCs decreases nitric oxide bioavailability, which may have an adverse effect on vascular function. We assessed the effects of RBC transfusion on coronary vascular function by evaluating the relationship between myocardial oxygen delivery and demand as evidenced by ST segment variability. DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. SETTING: Nine-hundred seventy-three-bed pediatric hospital with a 54-bed cardiovascular ICU. PATIENTS: Seventy-three neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome following the Norwood procedure, 38 with a Blalock-Taussig shunt and 35 with a right ventricle to pulmonary artery shunt...

Modified ultrafiltration (MUF) is still used after pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in some pediatric cardiac surgery centers to decrease transfusion requirements. Other potential benefits of MUF include clearance of inflammatory markers and improvement in myocardial function. Our hypothesis is that MUF will hemoconcentrate coagulation factors and improve thromboelastography (TEG) parameters after pediatric CPB. Patients younger than 6 months were prospectively enrolled over a year. TEG was carried out before MUF, after MUF, and after protamine administration...

A 30-year-old female with a history of seizure disorder and hypoplastic left heart syndrome treated with a Norwood procedure in 1986 followed by a modified non-fenestrated Fontan (Left SVC to IVC to pulmonary arteries) with a known baffle leak presented to the emergency department. On day of presentation, the patient became unresponsive, with perioral cyanosis, rightward gaze and a left facial droop near the end of a platelet transfusion. An emergent non-contrast head CT revealed intracranial air in the right MCA distribution...

We currently perform open-heart procedures using bloodless priming of cardiopulmonary bypass circuits regardless of a patient's body weight. This study presents results of this blood-saving approach in neonates and infants with a body weight of up to 7 kg. It tests with multivariate analysis factors that affect perioperative transfusion. A total of 498 open-heart procedures were carried out in the period 2014-2016 and were analysed. Priming volume ranged from 73 ml for patients weighing up to 2.5 kg to 110 ml for those weighing over 5 kg...

Outpatient anticoagulation in the geriatric trauma patient is a challenging clinical problem. The aim of this study is to determine clinical outcomes associated with class of preinjury anticoagulants (PA) used by this population. This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study among four Level II trauma centers. A total of 1642 patients were evaluated; 684 patients were on anticoagulation and 958 patients were not. Patients on PA were compared with those who were not. Drug classes were divided into thromboxane A2 inhibitors, vitamin K factor-dependent inhibitors, antithrombin III activation, platelet P2Y12 inhibitors, and thrombin inhibitors...

A restrictive transfusion strategy led us to routinely try to conduct donor-blood free open-heart surgery even in neonates. The cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit was minimized by priming volumina at 73 ml for the smallest patients with body weight up to 2.5 kg and 85-95 ml for those with body weight of more than 2.5 kg, and by positioning the console as close as possible to operation table. Measures were applied to save blood during the procedure. Transfusion threshold of 8 g/dl hemoglobin was retained...

OBJECTIVES: Our primary objective was to test the effects of first postoperative hematocrit on early shunt occlusion for children undergoing systemic to pulmonary artery shunt placement. Because any intervention to reduce shunt occlusion is only beneficial if it reduces mortality or is, at least, mortality neutral, we also tested the effects of first postoperative hematocrit on in-hospital mortality. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on all neonates who underwent primary systemic to pulmonary artery shunt placement, with or without a Norwood/Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedure, at Columbia University Medical Center between January 2010 and July 2015...

BACKGROUND: The optimal hemoglobin for infants after cardiac operation is unknown. Red blood cells (RBCs) are commonly transfused to maintain high hemoglobin concentrations in the absence of a clinical indication. We hypothesized that infants can be managed with a postoperative conservative RBC transfusion strategy, resulting in lower daily hemoglobin concentrations, without evidence of impaired oxygen delivery (ie, lactate, arteriovenous oxygen difference [avO2 diff]), or adverse clinical outcomes...

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and hematocrit values with outcomes in infants undergoing Norwood operation. This study included infants ≤2 months of age who underwent Norwood operation with either a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt or a right ventricle-pulmonary artery shunt. Demographics, preoperative, operative, daily laboratory data, and postoperative variables were collected. The primary outcome measures evaluated included mortality, ICU length of stay, length of mechanical ventilation, and days to chest closure...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and haematocrit values with outcomes in infants with univentricular physiology undergoing surgery for a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included infants ≤ 2 months of age who underwent modified Blalock-Taussig shunt surgery at the Arkansas Children's Hospital (2006-2012). Infants undergoing a Norwood operation or Damus-Kaye-Stansel operation with modified Blalock-Taussig shunt were excluded...

BACKGROUND: Anaplasma phagocytophilum (AP), a tick-borne obligate intracellular bacterium, causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) and has been implicated in seven transfusion-transmitted (TT)-HGA cases associated with red blood cells (RBCs). Here we report the first probable case of TT-HGA involving leukoreduced platelets (PLTs). CASE REPORT: A hospitalized male received 25 blood components (November 2012) before his death from trauma. Hospital testing confirmed HGA by peripheral blood smears; samples were also sent to IMUGEN, Inc...

BACKGROUND: From 2002 to 2005, the interstage mortality after a modified Norwood procedure was 7% in our program. An interstage home monitoring program (HMP) was established to identify Norwood procedure patients at increased risk of decompensation and to reduce interstage mortality. METHODS: Results of the first 5 years of the Norwood HMP were reviewed retrospectively. Interstage was defined as the time between Norwood hospital discharge and admission for second stage surgical palliation...

BACKGROUND: Allografts are used for vascular reconstruction in many forms of congenital heart disease. Although allografts induce anti-human leukocyte antibody (HLA) formation, much about this response is unknown. METHODS: Three groups of patients aged 8 to 18 years old underwent analysis for class I and II anti-HLA antibodies using Luminex. Groups were defined by timing of allograft exposure and diagnosis at Norwood for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (neonatal group), at Glenn for single-ventricle lesions not requiring arch reconstruction (infant group), and cardiac defects repaired during infancy without allografts (controls)...

In the 30 years since Norwood described the palliative procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), many modifications have been described which have increased the survival rate of children born with this lesion. We describe further modifications which result in reduced cardiopulmonary bypass time, no cooling or circulatory arrest time, and decreased banked blood exposure. A 16-day-old infant with HLHS undiagnosed during pregnancy presented for stage 1 palliation incorporating the Mee modification, Sano right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit, dual arterial cannulation of the innominate artery and descending aorta, single venous cannulation of the right atrium, and a bypass prime volume of 130 mL...