Down syndrome AND swimming

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion of the combined "Biao-Ben" acupoints on autonomic nervous function and related factors in rats with irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea (IBS-D). METHODS: Female SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, IBS-D model, "Biao-Ben" acupoint combination, and conventional acupoint combination groups, with 10 rats in each group. The IBS-D model was established by repeated chronic stress stimulation (water or food deprivation, painful tail pinching, exposure to a 43 ℃ environment, forced swimming in 4 ℃ water, day-night inversion and horizontal vibration) for 28 d, and followed by acute restraint stress (wrapping of shoulders, forelimbs and trunk) for 1 h and gavage of senna fluid, once daily for 28 d...

Background: There is a need for promoting exercise practice among people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Aquatic exercise (AE) could be a viable option in this regard. Objective: To identify and critically analyze the best available evidence concerning the effects of AE in the physical and mental health of people with ID. Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative studies was performed after searching within several databases up to March 2021. Results: A total of 4 RCTs and 3 comparative studies were found...

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis transmitted through human contact with the urine or fecal material of infected animals. Here, we report the case of a young male who presented with hyperbilirubinemia and rhabdomyolysis after returning from Puerto Rico which was confirmed to be severe leptospirosis. An 18-year-old Caucasian male was admitted due to a four-day history of jaundice, fever, headache, abdominal pain, vomiting, dark urine, and pain in his calves. Two weeks before, in Puerto Rico, he swam in caves and at the shoreline in an area recently impacted by a hurricane...

While there are positive benefits from physical activity participation for individuals with Down syndrome, little is known about the effects of swimming training. The aim of this study was to compare the body composition and physical fitness profile of competitive swimmers and moderately active (untrained) individuals with Down syndrome. The Eurofit Special test was applied to a group of competitive swimmers ( n = 18) and a group of untrained individuals ( n = 19), all with Down syndrome. In addition, measurements were taken to determine body composition characteristics...

Aeromonas veronii is a widespread pathogenic microorganism that can infect humans, animals, and a variety of aquatilia, at the same time, can cause diseases, mainly sepsis and ulcer syndrome. In this research, we first deleted the gene of lsrB's nucleotide sequences by homologous recombination. The results showed that the median lethal dose (LD50 ) of the mutant strain (ΔlsrB) for zebrafish was 1.28-times higher than that of the TH0426 strain. The toxicity of TH0426 to epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells was 1...

Molting is one of the most important biological processes of crustacean species, and a number of molecular mechanisms facilitate this complex procedure. However, the understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying crustacean molting cycle remains very limited. This study performed transcriptome sequencing in hemolymph and hepatopancreas of the swimming crab ( Portunus trituberculatus ) during the four molting stages: post-molt (AB), inter-molt (C), pre-molt (D), and ecdysis (E). The results showed that there were 78,572 unigenes that were obtained in the hemolymph and hepatopancreas of P...

CTR9 is one of five genes that form the PAF1 complex, which binds to RNA polymerase II and plays critical roles in transcriptional elongation and transcription-coupled histone modifications including histone H3K4me3 and H3K36me3. In this study, de novo CTR9 non-synonymous variants (p.(Glu15Asp) and p.(Pro25Arg)) were detected in two unrelated patients with macrocephaly, motor delay, and intellectual disability. A pull-down assay showed that the mutant CTR9 proteins had stronger affinities to the PAF1 protein than the wild-type protein...

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has a high incidence due to the increased pressure of daily life and work in modern society. Our previous clinical studies have found the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on CFS patients, however, the mechanism of EA on CFS is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of EA on cardiac function in a CFS mouse model to explore its underlying mechanism. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, CFS, and CFS mice receiving EA (CFS + EA). After behavioral assessments and echocardiographic measurement, blood and heart tissue of the mice were collected for biochemical tests, and then we evaluated the effects of EA on the CFS mouse model when nitric oxide (NO) levels were enhanced by l-arginine...

The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of a 33-week swimming program on aerobic capacity, muscle strength, balance, flexibility, and body composition of adolescents with Down syndrome (DS). Twenty-two adolescents diagnosed with DS were randomly allocated into the training group (T) and the control group (C). The T group participated in 33 weeks of water-based exercise and a swimming program while the control group maintained their normal daily activity. Following thirty-three weeks of swimming program, body mass, body fat, and BMI of the T group decreased significantly (from 56...

AIM: Indole is a signaling molecule secreted by over 85 species of bacteria, including several Vibrio species, and it has been reported to affect different bacterial phenotypes such as biofilm formation, motility, and virulence. In this study, we aimed at investigating the inter-strain variability of the effect of indole in 12 different strains belonging to the Harveyi clade of vibrios. METHODS AND RESULTS: Indole reduced the virulence of all strains towards gnotobiotic brine shrimp larvae...

The highly conserved dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A) plays crucial roles during central nervous system development and homeostasis. Furthermore, its hyperactivity is considered responsible for some neurological defects in individuals with Down syndrome. We set out to establish a zebrafish model expressing human Dyrk1A that could be further used to characterize the interaction between Dyrk1A and neurological phenotypes. First, we revealed the prominent expression of dyrk1a homologs in cerebellar neurons in the zebrafish larval and adult brains...

Non-Syndromic Hereditary Hearing Loss (NSHHL) is a genetically heterogeneous sensory disorder with about 120 genes already associated. Through exome sequencing (ES) and data aggregation, we identified a family with six affected individuals and one unrelated NSHHL patient with predicted-to-be deleterious missense variants in USP48. We also uncovered an eighth patient presenting unilateral cochlear nerve aplasia and a de novo splice variant in the same gene. USP48 encodes a ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase under evolutionary constraint...

The purpose of this study was to understand the pharmacodynamic effect of Valeriana jatamansi extract in diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D) rat model induced by maternal separation combined with three kinds of stress, and observe the changes of endogenous metabolites in feces after intervention to find potential biomarkers and related metabolic pathways. The animal model of IBS-D was established by maternal separation combined with restraint, ice swimming and tail clamping. The therapeutic effect of each dose group of V...

High levels of testosterone cause clinical symptoms in female reproduction and possibly, alterations in sexuality. Yet, the underlying mechanisms remain to be examined. Here, we report a study that investigates the effects of testosterone in follicle development and sexual mating using zebrafish models. We developed an acute zebrafish model with high testosterone levels by exposing young female zebrafish to testosterone dissolved in swimming water. After given a high concentration of testosterone treatment (e...

Swimming training programs may help to limit declines in cardiovascular conditioning, muscle strength, mobility and social functioning in individuals with Down's Syndrome (DS): (1) Background: This study aims to analyze the effects of a periodized swimming training program on swimming speed, lower body force and power and body composition in a group of swimmers with DS; (2) Methods: Nine swimmers with DS (2 men and 7 women; aged 21-30 years-old) completed an 18-week periodized swimming program. The swimmers were assessed, pre and post-training, for 25 m, 50 m and 100 m freestyle swim performance, countermovement jump performance and body composition; (3) Results: Significant and large improvements in 25 m (mean -6...

BACKGROUND: Studies conducted on adults with Down syndrome have demonstrated the improvement of functional fitness (aerobic capacity, muscular strength, balance, flexibility, functional ability, body mass or body mass index) with varying exercise modalities but often with one or two components in isolation. Such modalities included walking, running, cycling, rowing or resistance training. Freestyle swim training has shown significant improvements of all parameters associated with functional fitness in the general population...

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a candidate therapeutic for Down syndrome (DS) phenotypes based on in vitro inhibition of DYRK1A, a triplicated gene product of Trisomy 21 (Ts21). Consumption of green tea extracts containing EGCG improved some cognitive and behavioral outcomes in DS mouse models and in humans with Ts21. In contrast, treatment with pure EGCG in DS mouse models did not improve neurobehavioral phenotypes. This study tested the hypothesis that 200 mg/kg/day of pure EGCG, given via oral gavage, would improve neurobehavioral and skeletal phenotypes in the Ts65Dn DS mouse model...

Patients suffering with functional somatic pain syndromes such as temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) have some similar symptoms, but the underlying cause is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in the spinal cord contribute to somatic hyperalgesia induced by orofacial inflammation combined with different modes of stress. Ovariectomized rats were injected subcutaneously with estradiol and bilateral masseter muscles were injected with complete Freund's adjuvant followed by stress...

BACKGROUND: Down syndrome has been associated with more than 80 clinical characteristics such as diabetes, cardiovascular problems or obesity. AIMS: The current study determined the effect of a 36 weeks swimming program on different indicators of body composition in adolescents with Down syndrome. METHODS AND PROCEDURES OUTCOMES: 45 adolescents with Down syndrome were recruited and randomized to two groups (control group vs. exercise group)...

People with Down syndrome, which is a trisomy of chromosome 21, exhibit intellectual disability from infancy and neuropathology similar to Alzheimer's disease, such as amyloid plaques, from an early age. Recently, we showed that cilostazol, a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3, promotes the clearance of amyloid β and rescues cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. The objective of the present study was to examine whether cilostazol improves behaviors in the most widely used animal model of Down syndrome, i...