tb and paraplegia

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a prevalent and serious complication among patients with spinal tuberculosis (STB) that can lead to motor and sensory impairment and potentially paraplegia. This research aims to identify factors associated with SCI in STB patients and to develop a clinically significant predictive model. Clinical data from STB patients at a single hospital were collected and divided into training and validation sets. Univariate analysis was employed to screen clinical indicators in the training set...

Spinal Tuberculosis ranks as one of the most common extrapulmonary varieties of tuberculosis. The study outlines the Extended Posterior Circumferential Decompression (EPCD) procedure for managing tuberculous spondylitis, a prevalent extrapulmonary form of tuberculosis. EPCD involves 360-degree dural decompression, anterior column debridement, and reconstruction following posterior instrumentation. This technique addresses both the infection and associated complications, particularly beneficial in cases with or without paraplegia...

BACKGROUND: Tuberculous (TB) spondylitis is a hazardous infectious disease causing significant spinal deformity. Increased toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) activity promotes more extensive infections in patients with TB spondylitis, so it has the potential to be used as a biomarker to predict the severity. This study aims to determine the relationship between TLR-4 levels and the degree of vertebral destruction in TB spondylitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2023...

Acute transverse myelitis is an inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord, characterized by acute or subacute onset of paraparesis, bilateral sensory deficit, and impaired urinary bladder and sphincter tone function. Mycobacterium tuberculosis , a very rare cause of transverse myelitis, especially tuberculous myelitis without meningitis, is extremely rare. The main etiologic mechanism consists of an abnormal activation of the immune system against the spinal cord as well as the direct invasion by the bacillus...

Acute paraplegia in pregnancy is uncommon but can result from pathology including Guillain-Barre syndrome, acute transverse myelitis, and spinal tuberculosis, also known as Pott's disease of the spine. India has a high incidence of tuberculosis (2.8 million cases annually) therefore spinal tuberculosis is a particularly important disease to consider during pregnancy. Management of spinal tuberculosis in pregnancy poses a challenge especially at term gestation as immobilization of the spine and maintaining supination is difficult, particularly at delivery...

The growing spine differs from the adult spine in several ways. Although tumors and infections cause only a small percentage of pediatric back pain incidences, delayed proper diagnosis and treatment may be disastrous. Benign lesions, such as osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and aneurysmal bone cyst in the spine, are predominant during the first two decades of life, whereas malignant bony spinal tumors are rare. In the pediatric population, malignant spine tumors include osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, lymphoma, and metastatic neuroblastoma...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: An uncommon form of CNS tuberculosis called non-osseous IDEM tuberculoma frequently results from paradoxical drug interactions. It should be considered one of the differentials when patients receiving ATT experience acute neurological impairment. ABSTRACT: Tuberculoma affecting the spinal cord is a rare condition in modern times. The occurrence of non-osseous intradural tuberculosis, specifically in the spine, is even more exceptional. In fact, it is uncommon to encounter an intradural extramedullary tuberculous granuloma that lacks radiological indications of vertebral involvement, especially within the thoracic region...

INTRODUCTION: Spinal tuberculosis (STB) accounts for 1% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases and 50% of skeletal TB. The classic presentation is a paradiscal involvement leading to the destruction of bodies, progressive kyphosis that can end with neurological weakness. The advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has made detection early but at the same time, we find multilevel involvement which can be continuous/noncontinuous. CASE REPORT: A 26-year-old male, non-alcoholic, non-smoker presented with complete paraplegia involving the bladder and bowel...

BACKGROUND: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a recently described autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). There is limited data on the association between Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and MOGAD. We report three patients with HIV infection and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies in the setting of other central nervous system infections. CASE DESCRIPTIONS: The first patient, a 44-year-old black African man, presented with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) with positive serum MOG antibodies...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Left untreated, spinal tuberculosis can lead to irreversible neurological deficit in patients, lowering quality of life. Combination of antitubercular drugs and surgical approach is important in managing spinal tuberculosis. We report a case of thoracic spinal tuberculosis treated by anterior and posterior fusion via a posterior and costotransversectomy approach. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 38 years-old woman diagnosed with paraplegia due to spinal tuberculosis of the thoracic vertebra (Th8) with Frankel A grade for spinal function...

The study aims to explore the demographic and clinical characteristics of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Bangladesh. A total of 3035 persons with SCI spanning from 2018 to 2022 were included in this cross-sectional study. Information about demographic and clinical variables was obtained from the medical records and verified through telephone calls to ensure accuracy and consistency. Approximately half (48.30%) of the study participants were located in Dhaka Division. The average age of persons with SCI was 38...

BACKGROUND: Morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis, a significant infectious illness, are expected to rise worldwide. The projected number of new cases rose from 7.5 million in 1990 to 11.9 million in 2005, a 58.6% increase in 2011. The widespread belief that TB is no longer a public health concern is unfounded; on the contrary, the link between HIV/AIDS and antibiotic resistance has further exacerbated the crisis that already existed. Similar to the nations in sub-Saharan Africa, India is now considered a Group IV country, with an annual risk of infection between 1% and 2...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: TBM has a very high rate of adverse sequelae if not treated immediately. Diagnosing can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other disease processes, and diagnostic tests are often inconclusive. ABSTRACT: A 20-year-old man experienced progressive paraplegia and urinary retention. After extensive laboratory and imaging evaluation for tuberculous meningitis and alternative diagnoses, spinal MRI showed features suggestive of arachnoiditis...

Pott's spine, commonly known as spinal tuberculosis (TB), is an extrapulmonary form of TB caused by Mycobacterium TB. Pott's paraplegia occurs when the spine is involved. Spinal TB is usually caused by the hematogenous spread of infection from a central focus, which can be in the lungs or another location. Spinal TB is distinguished by intervertebral disc involvement caused by the same segmental arterial supply, which can result in severe morbidity even after years of approved therapy. Neurological impairments and spine deformities are caused by progressive damage to the anterior vertebral body...

Mycobacterium kansasii infections predominantly manifest in immunocompromised people and are primarily responsible for lung disease and systemic disseminated infection. Osteopathy is a rare consequence of M. kansasii infection. Here, we present imaging data from a 44-year-old immunocompetent Chinese woman diagnosed with multiple bone destruction, particularly of the spine, secondary to M. kansasii pulmonary disease, which is easily misdiagnosed. The patient underwent an emergency operation after experiencing unexpected incomplete paraplegia during hospitalization, indicating an aggravation of bone destruction...

INTRODUCTION: Chondrosarcoma of rib encroaching spine and subsequently leading to paraplegia has never been reported in the literature. Association of paraplegia can often lead to misdiagnosis with a common disease like breast cancer or Potts spine causing a significant delay in treatment. CASE REPORT: We describe a case of a 45-year-old male with chondrosarcoma of rib with paraplegia who was misdiagnosed initially as Pott's spine and was started empirically on anti-tubercular treatment for paraplegia and chest wall mass...

Intramedullary dorsal dermoid cysts are rare benign tumors, arising from the nests of embryonic ectoderm, which get buried or trapped under the lines of fusion of the ectodermal folds in the developing embryo. We present a rare case of intramedullary dermoid cyst in a 30-year-old asymptomatic female, who presented with paraplegia and ataxia. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of neoplastic intramedullary mass. Intraoperatively, findings were suspicious of tuberculosis, but on final histopathological evaluation, the final and definitive diagnosis of intramedullary dermoid cyst was rendered...

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study. PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes of anterior decompression with bone grafting alone and anterior decompression with bone grafting and fixation. METHODS: 93 patients with minimum 2 year follow-up were included in the study. 50 patients had undergone anterior decompression with bone grafting without instrumentation (group 1) and 43 patients with instrumentation (group 2). Both groups were compared using their demographic data, vertebral level of involvement, neurological recovery and progression of kyphotic deformity...

A case of a 20-year-old man with multilevel non-contiguous tuberculous spondylitis (cervical, dorsal 6, dorsal 10 and lumbar) is presented. In the context of disseminated tuberculosis in an HIV-negative patient with serious compromise of his general condition and multiple locations of the disease, some of these with fistulas that secreted caseum. The acute paraplegia led, considering the sensory level at dorsal 6, to a first urgent decompression surgery via the posterior approach. A scheduled surgery was then performed, first in the cervical region via the anterior approach, with corpectomy, placement of a vertebral body replacement plus autologous graft and plate with screws...

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of 1-stage anterior focus debridement, interbody bone graft, and anterior instrumentation and fusion in the treatment of short segment thoracic tuberculosis with paraplegia or incomplete paralysis. A total of 16 adult patients with short segment thoracic spinal thoracic tuberculosis who underwent surgery were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients received anterior focus debridement, interbody bone graft and anterior instrumentation and fusion. All patients were followed up for 24 to 48 months...