Facial cosmetics

OBJECTIVE: Eyebrow supraorbital craniotomy is a versatile keyhole technique for treating intracranial pathologies. The eyelid supraorbital approach, an alternative approach to an eyebrow supraorbital craniotomy, has not been widely adopted among most neurosurgeons. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to perform a pooled analysis of the complications of eyebrow or eyelid approaches for the treatment of aneurysms, meningiomas, and orbital tumors. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Review databases was conducted for identifying relevant literature using keywords such as "supraorbital," "eyelid," "eyebrow," "tumor," and "aneurysm...

BACKGROUND: Facial contact dermatitis is an emerging skin disorder due to the use of a large array of materials over the face. It leads to psychological distress in patients, impacting their quality of life. Most of the allergens applied over the face vary as per cosmetic or herbal products' availability, usage, or religious practices. Identifying and discontinuing the implicated allergens will lead to a better prognosis and reduced morbidity in clinical practice. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of different allergens responsible for causing facial contact dermatitis, in an urban part of central India, using patch test with the help of Indian standard and cosmetic series...

BACKGROUND: The diverse causes of hyperpigmentation and complex nature of melanogenesis make it a challenge to manage. Current approaches either fail to deliver effective pigmentation control or have undesirable safety profiles that preclude their long-term use. AIMS: To evaluate the capacity of a cosmetic gel serum comprising tranexamic acid, niacinamide, 4-butylresorcinol, phytic acid, and a mixture of hydroxy acids that was designed to target the biological processes regulating skin melanogenesis to attenuate melanin production in vitro and reduce hyperpigmentation clinically...

Due to the prevalence of anterior maxilla dysplasia in Asian population, paranasal concavity is a common accompaniment to low nose, but its impact on facial harmonization is often underestimated. A retrospective comparative study was conducted on patients diagnosed as low nose with paranasal concavity between June 2017 to June 2021, with a total of 56 patients followed up successfully. The control and observation groups were established according to whether the paranasal augmentation was performed. Demographic data were collected...

BACKGROUND: Microdermabrasion is a cosmetic procedure that has gained popularity for skin rejuvenation by causing repetitive intraepidermal injury to stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen production. Various clinical studies have demonstrated microdermabrasion's effectiveness in skin rejuvenation; however, most of these studies rely on clinical observation and scoring by observers rather than histologic or microscopic analysis. In our single-center prospective study, we used line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT), to non-invasively visualize the early effects of one microdermabrasion treatment on the facial epidermal and dermal structure...

BACKGROUND: Tear trough-eye bag deformities may appear in young Asian patients due to the weak support of their facial skeletons. For these patients with better periorbital skin elasticity, the injection may be more suitable than surgery for treating tear trough-lower eyelid bag deformity. AIMS: Identify the clinical efficacy and safety of non-cross-linked HA in the treatment of tear trough-lower eyelid bag deformity. METHODS: In this study, we analyzed pre- and postinjection photographs of 55 patients treated with non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) for tear trough-lower eyelid bag deformity...

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatological disorders. Berberis integerrima Bunge belongs to the Berberidaceae family. Several studies on different Berberis species in addition to B. integerrima have shown antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Spearmint essential oil also has antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the topical combination of B. integerrima root extract and spearmint essential oil in the treatment of acne vulgaris...

Our team used a new kite flap preparation method to repair wounds after the removal of a benign facial tumor with satisfactory aesthetic results. Thus, this modified kite flap has significant value in facial trauma repair.

Background : Facial telangiectasias is a prevalent cosmetic disorder that can be associated with several conditions such as rosacea. IPL (intensity pulsed light) therapy is commonly used for the treatment of vascular lesions. This study tested the efficacy of an IPL system emitting selected vascular chromophore-specific wavelengths in the range of 500-1200 nm for the treatment of vascular lesions. Materials and Methods : A total of 39 patients affected by different vascular lesions on their face were enrolled...

Background : Facial hypermelanosis is a major cosmetic issue that causes severe social embarrassment and psychological pain, particularly among Asians and dark-skinned individuals. Aim : This study assesses the safety and effectiveness of Q-switched 1064/532 nm nanosecond/picosecond lasers in removing benign hypermelanosis in dark-skinned individuals, evaluating the possible associated side effects. Material and methods : A total of 30 participants (80% females and 20% males) with Fitzpatrick skin types IV-V-VI who presented superficial benign hypermelanoses on the facial and décolleté area were enrolled...

Background and Objectives: Upper eyelid blepharoplasty is a surgical procedure that addresses both aesthetic and functional concerns, offering transformative potential for patients' overall well-being. This study systematically evaluates the comprehensive impact of upper eyelid blepharoplasty on patients' quality of life, employing rigorous methodologies and standardized assessment protocols. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 348 patients aged 49 to 87 years...

A 34-year-old man presented with facial asymmetry and was diagnosed with left-sided hemimandibular hyperplasia. Orthognathic surgery and mandibular angle osteotomy combined with inferior alveolar nerve repositioning were performed with computer-aided design. The facial asymmetry was successfully corrected with acceptable cosmetic results. Inferior alveolar nerve repositioning provided sufficient space for the osteotomy of the affected side with the abnormal mandibular canal. Inferior alveolar nerve repositioning with computer-aided design can be used as an effective and reliable technique for hemimandibular hyperplasia...

BACKGROUND: The aesthetic reconstruction of disfiguring cranio-facial defects after tumour excision can be quite challenging to the neurosurgeon with limited resources. The choice of cranioplasty implant, intraoperative technicalities and the patients' postoperative appearance are critical considerations in management. There are a number of synthetic materials available for cranioplasty, however, the customised implants are not readily available in our practice setup. They are also mostly constructed and contoured after the bony defect has been created or require sophisticated software construction pre-operatively...

In the context of neuromarketing, sales, and branding, the investigation of consumer decision-making processes presents complex and intriguing challenges. Consideration of the effects of multicultural influences and societal conditions from a global perspective enriches this multifaceted field. The application of neuroscience tools and techniques to international marketing and consumer behavior is an emerging interdisciplinary field that seeks to understand the cognitive processes, reactions, and selection mechanisms of consumers within the context of branding and sales...

OBJECTIVES: During the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, masks have become mandatory for protection against the virus transmitted by breathing. This study examined the impact of surgical masks used daily on civilian facial skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Moisture, elasticity, pore, melanin, acne, wrinkle, and sensitivity parameters of 83 volunteers were measured numerically using an API-100 skin analyzer and camera recordings. Numerical values were compared following the device's algorithm calibrated according to age, gender, and race...

Primary intraosseous meningioma (PIM) is a rare subtype of extradural meningiomas, with the indication for surgical resection in most cases. With an increasing demand for efficient workflows with optimal functional and cosmetical results, techniques for bone reconstruction after resection are developing rapidly. The authors present 2 cases with one-stage cranioplasty after resection of PIM, using 3D technology for preplanned patient-specific implants. In the first case, a premanufactured patient-specific PEEK implant was used for reconstruction; in the second case, a 3-dimensional (3D)-based premanufactured silicon mold was used to produce a customized PMMA implant intraoperatively...

BACKGROUND: Tetrahexydecyl ascorbate (THDA) is a lipophilic precursor to ascorbic acid that may be stabilized by acetyl zingerone (AZ). Studies have shown that the topical application of THDA may have photoprotective effects. Similarly, AZ has been shown to mitigate oxidative and inflammatory stress, thereby improving the appearance of photoaging. AIMS: To examine the effects of THDA and AZ (THDA-AZ) on skin photoaging compared to THDA alone. PATIENTS/METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial, healthy individuals aged 30 to 65 were included and 44 participants were randomized to receive either THDA-AZ (THDA 5% + AZ 1%) or THDA only (THDA 5%) for 8 weeks...

Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a rare neurocutaneous and craniofacial disorder characterized by progressive hemifacial wasting and atrophy that predominantly affects children and young adults, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 700,000 individuals. Despite its rarity, PRS poses significant challenges for patients, their families, and healthcare providers due to its unpredictable course and potential functional and aesthetic impairments. The main aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of PRS, encompassing its clinical features, pathogenesis, and management techniques...

BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin, produced by the Gram-positive anaerobe Clostridium botulinum, is composed of seven antigenic subtypes (A, B, C, D, E, F, and G). Currently, only Botulinum toxin type A, commonly referred to as "Botox," is approved for clinical use, given its relatively safe clinical profile. Botulinum toxin type A has a wide range of therapeutic indications, including treatment for dystonia, migraine headache, neurogenic bladder, and large muscle spastic disorders. However, the toxin is most widely known for its cosmetic effects in treating wrinkles and facial lines...

BACKGROUND: Facial paralysis due to parotid sialolithiasis-induced parotitis is a unusual clinical phenomenon that has not been reported in prior literature. This scenario can present a diagnostic challenge due to its rarity and complex symptomatology, particularly if a patient has other potential contributing factors such as facial trauma or bilateral forehead botox injections as in this patient. This case report elucidates such a complex presentation, aiming to increase awareness and promote timely recognition among clinicians...