keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482514/investigating-the-impact-of-polypharmacy-and-anticholinergic-medication-burden-on-objective-cognitive-performance-in-adults-with-multiple-sclerosis
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joanie Huebner, Jade Robichaud, Julia S Cozart, Crystal Burkhardt, Sharon G Lynch, Jared M Bruce
BACKGROUND: Polypharmacy, or the use of 5 or more daily medications, is common in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS), and is often due to various physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. However, research regarding the association between polypharmacy and cognitive outcomes in MS is sparse. Furthermore, individuals with MS often use medications with anticholinergic properties, which are commonly associated with cognitive impairment and other central nervous system adverse effects...
2024: International Journal of MS Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481929/effectiveness-of-healthcare-interventions-on-smoking-cessation-in-adolescents-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-narrative-review
#22
REVIEW
Janhvi Thakur, Sonali G Choudhari
The smoking epidemic is the greatest threat to global public health that has ever existed. Teenagers constantly perceive smoking as a way to communicate with friends and express their emotions. Adolescent smokers should be noticed immediately before the extended period of tobacco addiction and being resistant to the interventions. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of healthcare interventions targeting smoking cessation in adolescents within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and to summarize the options, benefits, and affordability of interventions for quitting smoking that may be implemented in LMICs...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481583/academic-burnout-stress-and-the-role-of-resilience-in-a-sample-of-saudi-arabian-medical-students
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Feras A Al-Awad
BACKGROUND: Medical school can be difficult and stressful. Academic burnout is described as exhaustion from curricular activities. Medical students are more likely to experience anxiety. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the level of academic burnout and stress as well as their level of resilience. METHODS: Saudi medical students were surveyed in a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. We used the following scales: Perceived Stress Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, and the Connor-Davidson Brief Resilience Scale to assess stress, academic burnout, and resilience respectively...
2024: Medical Archives
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481289/the-clinical-effectiveness-of-a-self-management-intervention-for-patients-with-persistent-depressive-disorder-and-their-partners-caregivers-results-from-a-multicenter-pragmatic-randomized-controlled-trial
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ericka C Solis, Ingrid V E Carlier, Noëlle G A Kamminga, Erik J Giltay, Albert M van Hemert
BACKGROUND: Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is prevalent and debilitating. For patients with PDD, psychiatric rehabilitation using self-management interventions is advised as the next therapeutic step after multiple unsuccessful treatment attempts. The "Patient and Partner Education Program for All Chronic Diseases" (PPEP4All) is a brief, structured self-management program that focuses on functional recovery for patients and their partners/caregivers. In chronic somatic disorder populations, PPEP4All has already been shown to be clinically effective...
March 13, 2024: Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480857/logistic-analysis-of-delayed-reporting-of-emergency-blood-potassium-and-comparison-of-improved-outcomes
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jian Zhang, Shuangshuang Lv, Tingting Jin, Xiaxuan Hu
Potassium testing is an essential test in emergency medicine. Turnaround time (TAT) is the time between specimen receipt by the laboratory and the release of the test report. A brief in-laboratory TAT increases emergency department effectiveness. Optimizing processes to shorten TAT using other tools requires extensive time, resources, training, and support. Therefore, we aimed to find a convenient way to shorten TAT, identify risk factors affecting the timeliness of emergency potassium test reporting, and verify the intervention's effects...
March 13, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479536/empower-a-multi-site-pilot-trial-to-reduce-distress-in-surrogate-decision-makers-in-the-icu
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wendy G Lichtenthal, Lindsay Lief, Madeline Rogers, David Russell, Martin Viola, Hillary Winoker, Sophia Kakarala, Chani Traube, Taylor Coats, Carol Fadalla, Kailey E Roberts, Madison Pavao, Francesco Osso, Chris R Brewin, Cynthia X Pan, Paul K Maciejewski, David Berlin, Stephen Pastores, Neil Halpern, Susan C Vaughan, Christopher E Cox, Holly G Prigerson
CONTEXT: Efforts to reduce the psychological distress of surrogate decision-makers of critically ill patients have had limited success, and some have even exacerbated distress. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of EMPOWER (Enhancing and Mobilizing the POtential for Wellness and Resilience), an ultra-brief (∼2-hour), 6-module manualized psychological intervention for surrogates. METHODS: Surrogates who reported significant anxiety and/or an emotionally close relationship with the patient (n=60) were randomized to receive EMPOWER or enhanced usual care (EUC) at one of three metropolitan hospitals...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479239/tdcs-for-parkinson-s-disease-disease-related-pain-a-randomized-trial
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yeray González-Zamorano, Francisco José Sánchez-Cuesta, Marcos Moreno-Verdú, Aida Arroyo-Ferrer, Josué Fernández-Carnero, K Ray Chaudhuri, Anna Fieldwalker, Juan Pablo Romero
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on Parkinson's disease (PD)-related pain. METHODS: This triple-blind randomized controlled trial included twenty-two patients (age range 38-85, 10 male) with PD-related pain. Eleven subjects received ten sessions of 20 minutes tDCS over the primary motor cortex contralateral to pain at 2 mA intensity. Eleven subjects received sham stimulation. Outcome measures included changes in the Kinǵs Parkinsońs Pain Scale (KPPS), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), widespread mechanical hyperalgesia (WMH), temporal summation of pain (TS), and conditioned pain modulation (CPM)...
February 28, 2024: Clinical Neurophysiology: Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479217/strategies-for-case-based-training-with-virtual-patients-an-experimental-study-of-the-impact-of-integrating-mental-model-articulation-and-self-reflection
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olivia K Hernandez, Christen Sushereba, Laura Militello, Christopher San Miguel, Steve Wolf, Theodore T Allen, Emily S Patterson
Resilient system performance in high-stakes settings, which includes the ability to monitor, respond, anticipate, and learn, can be enhanced for trainees through simulation of realistic scenarios enhanced by augmented reality. Active learning strategies can enhance simulation-based training, particularly the mental model articulation principle where students are prompted to anticipate what will happen next and the reflection principle where students self-assess their performance compared to a gold standard expert model...
March 12, 2024: Applied Ergonomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478876/smallest-clinically-meaningful-improvement-in-amputation-related-pain-and-brief-pain-inventory-scores-as-defined-by-patient-reports-of-global-improvement-after-cryoneurolysis-a-retrospective-analysis-of-a-randomized-controlled-clinical-trial
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brian M Ilfeld, Cameron R Smith, Alparslan Turan, Edward R Mariano, Matthew E Miller, Rick L Fisher, Andrea M Trescot, Steven P Cohen, James C Eisenach, Daniel I Sessler, J David Prologo, Edward J Mascha, Liu Liu, Rodney A Gabriel
BACKGROUND: The smallest meaningful improvement in pain scores (minimal clinically important difference [MCID]) after an analgesic intervention is essential information when both interpreting published data and designing a clinical trial. However, limited information is available for patients with chronic pain conditions, and what is published is derived from studies involving pharmacologic and psychological interventions. We here calculate these values based on data collected from 144 participants of a previously published multicenter clinical trial investigating the effects of a single treatment with percutaneous cryoneurolysis...
March 14, 2024: Anesthesia and Analgesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478322/healthcall-smartphone-enhancement-of-brief-interventions-to-improve-hiv-medication-adherence-among-patients-in-hiv-care
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justin Knox, Efrat Aharonovich, Barry S Zingman, Malka Stohl, Claire Walsh, Jennifer C Elliott, David S Fink, Sean Durant, Raquel Menchaca, Anjali Sharma, Maggie Denning, Deborah Hasin
Heavy drinking among people living with HIV (PLWH) reduces ART adherence and worsens health outcomes. Lengthy interventions are not feasible in most HIV care settings, and patients infrequently follow referrals to outside treatment. Utilizing visual and video features of smartphone technology, we developed HealthCall as an electronic means of increasing patient involvement in a brief intervention to reduce drinking and improve ART adherence. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the efficacy of HealthCall to improve ART adherence among PLWH who drink heavily when paired with two brief interventions: the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) Clinician's Guide (CG) or Motivational Interviewing (MI)...
March 13, 2024: AIDS and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478293/enhancing-diabetes-management-through-personality-assessment-a-pilot-study
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven K Huprich, Brandi C Roelk, Theresa Poppe
The aims of this study were to evaluate the utility of therapeutic assessment (therapeutic assessment) as a brief intervention to target reduction in A1C levels and to assess the levels of personality functioning and broad trait domains described in the DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders in a sample of patients with Type 2 diabetes and their relationship to A1C levels at baseline and follow-up. Participants (n = 99) were recruited from a primary care office and provided feedback on how their personality functioning and pathological personality traits might influence their diabetes management...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477033/integration-of-a-tobacco-cessation-program-into-a-rural-community-based-maternal-and-child-health-program-in-india-a-stakeholders-perspective-on-task-shifting
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Himanshu A Gupte, Marina D'Costa, Shilpi Gupta, Vinayak Sonawane
INTRODUCTION: According to the Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2, India, 7.5% of pregnant women are tobacco users with a high prevalence of smokeless tobacco use in rural India. Although pregnant women may receive advice to quit tobacco, lack of knowledge on providing cessation support among healthcare workers results in missed opportunities. Community Health Workers (CHWs) play a significant role in maternal and child health (MCH) programs. Thus, task-shifting for providing cessation support by CHWs was planned and the perceptions and attitudes of concerned stakeholders were explored...
March 13, 2024: Nicotine & Tobacco Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476926/national-influenza-annual-report-canada-2022-2023-canada-s-first-fall-epidemic-since-the-2019-2020-season
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kara Schmidt, Myriam Ben Moussa, Steven Buckrell, Abbas Rahal, Taeyo Chestley, Nathalie Bastien, Liza Lee
Coinciding with the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in March 2020, Canadian seasonal influenza circulation was suppressed, which was a trend reported globally. Canada saw a brief and delayed return of community influenza circulation during the spring of the 2021-2022 influenza season. Surveillance for Canada's 2022-2023 seasonal influenza epidemic began in epidemiological week 35 (week starting August 28, 2022) and ended in epidemiological week 34 (week ending August 26, 2023)...
October 1, 2023: Canada Communicable Disease Report
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476409/a-randomized-controlled-trial-of-nurse-led-brief-focused-intervention-for-patients-with-alcohol-use-related-mild-traumatic-brain-injury-in-the-emergency-and-casualty-services-of-a-tertiary-hospital
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rajitha Pavalur, Prasanthi Nattala, Arun Kandasamy, Dhaval P Shukla
OBJECTIVES: Driving under the influence of alcohol is one of the leading causes of road traffic accidents in India. Individuals with acute injuries often present to emergency hospital services. Carrying out brief interventions in the emergency can prevent further injury and even progression to severe patterns of drinking. However, there are no known studies from India examining the effectiveness of such interventions in emergency settings. Against this background, the objective of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led Brief Focused Intervention (BFI) in comparison with the minimal intervention for patients with mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) reporting to the emergency and casualty services of a tertiary hospital in Bengaluru, South India, who screened positive for alcohol use...
2024: Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475796/cross-model-validation-of-public-health-microsimulation-models-comparing-two-models-on-estimated-effects-of-a-weight-management-intervention
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Bates, Penny Breeze, Chloe Thomas, Christopher Jackson, Oliver Church, Alan Brennan
BACKGROUND: Health economic modelling indicates that referral to a behavioural weight management programme is cost saving and generates QALY gains compared with a brief intervention. The aim of this study was to conduct a cross-model validation comparing outcomes from this cost-effectiveness analysis to those of a comparator model, to understand how differences in model structure contribute to outcomes. METHODS: The outcomes produced by two models, the School for Public Health Research diabetes prevention (SPHR) and Health Checks (HC) models, were compared for three weight-management programme strategies; Weight Watchers (WW) for 12 weeks, WW for 52 weeks, and a brief intervention, and a simulated no intervention scenario...
March 12, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475768/the-short-and-longer-term-effects-of-brief-behavioral-parent-training-versus-care-as-usual-in-children-with-behavioral-difficulties-study-protocol-for-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roos S van Doornik, Saskia van der Oord, Joli Luijckx, Annabeth P Groenman, Patty Leijten, Marjolein Luman, Pieter J Hoekstra, Barbara J van den Hoofdakker, Tycho J Dekkers
BACKGROUND: The access to and uptake of evidence-based behavioral parent training for children with behavioral difficulties (i.e., oppositional, defiant, aggressive, hyperactive, impulsive, and inattentive behavior) are currently limited because of a scarcity of certified therapists and long waiting lists. These problems are in part due to the long and sometimes perceived as rigid nature of most evidence-based programs and result in few families starting behavioral parent training and high dropout rates...
March 12, 2024: BMC Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474400/cutting-edge-therapies-for-lung-cancer
#37
REVIEW
Anita Silas La'ah, Shih-Hwa Chiou
Lung cancer remains a formidable global health challenge that necessitates inventive strategies to improve its therapeutic outcomes. The conventional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, have demonstrated limitations in achieving sustained responses. Therefore, exploring novel approaches encompasses a range of interventions that show promise in enhancing the outcomes for patients with advanced or refractory cases of lung cancer. These groundbreaking interventions can potentially overcome cancer resistance and offer personalized solutions...
March 1, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473270/fear-of-recurrence-in-advanced-cancer-patients-sociodemographic-clinical-and-psychological-correlates
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caterina Calderon, Marina Gustems, Rocio Galán-Moral, Maria M Muñoz-Sánchez, Lorena Ostios-García, Paula Jiménez-Fonseca
Fear of cancer recurrence significantly impacts advanced cancer patients, prompting emotional distress and increased healthcare utilization. This present study aims to analyze the fear of recurrence among patients with advanced cancer undergoing systemic treatment and its relationship with sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors. A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 oncology departments across Spain, involving patients with locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic cancer eligible for systemic treatment...
February 23, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471007/double-bubble-technique-assisted-by-holding-forceps-a-modified-technique-in-descemet-membrane-endothelial-keratoplasty-for-vitrectomized-eyes-with-scleral-fixated-intraocular-lens
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ami Igarashi, Hideaki Yokogawa, Toshiki Shimizu, Akira Kobayashi, Satoru Yamagami, Takahiko Hayashi
PURPOSE: Several techniques have been developed for graft unfolding approaches in Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). However, despite these techniques, graft deployment and configuration in eyes with deep anterior chambers remain challenging in some cases. Therefore, in this study, we described a modified technique for DMEK, known as the "double-bubble technique assisted by holding forceps." METHODS: This was a retrospective interventional case series...
March 12, 2024: Cornea
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38469686/protocol-of-a-randomised-controlled-trial-comparing-immediate-curative-therapy-with-conservative-treatment-in-men-aged-%C3%A2-75%C3%A2-years-with-non-metastatic-high-risk-prostate-cancer-spcg-19-grand-p
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sven Löffeler, Helena Bertilsson, Christoph Müller, Kirsti Aas, Hege Sagstuen Haugnes, Bjørg Aksnessaether, Maiju Pesonen, Kristian Thon, Torgrim Tandstad, Teemu Murtola, Mads Hvid Poulsen, Tobias Nordstrøm, Maria Nyre Vigmostad, Fredrik Ottosson, Karin Holmsten, Ola Christiansen, Marit Slaaen, Erik Skaaheim Haug, Anne Holck Storås, Lars Asphaug, Antti Rannikko, Klaus Brasso
BACKGROUND: Older men (aged ≥75 years) with high risk, non-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) are increasingly treated with curative therapy (surgery or radiotherapy). However, it is unclear if curative therapy prolongs life and improves health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in this age group compared to conservative therapy, which has evolved considerably during the last decade. STUDY DESIGN: The Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group (SPCG) 19/Norwegian Get-Randomized Research Group-Prostate (GRand-P) is a randomised, two-armed, controlled, multicentre, phase III trial carried out at study centres in Norway, Denmark, Finland, and Sweden...
March 12, 2024: BJU International
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