keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493367/assessment-of-dosing-strategies-for-pediatric-drug-products
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zachary L Taylor, Francis G Green, Nayeem Hossain, Gilbert J Burckart, Michael Pacanowski, Robert N Schuck
Pediatric drug dosing is challenged by the heterogeneity of developing physiology and ethical considerations surrounding a vulnerable population. Often, pediatric drug dosing leverages findings from the adult population; however, recent regulatory efforts have motivated drug sponsors to pursue pediatric-specific programs to meet an unmet medical need and improve pediatric drug labeling. This paradigm is further complicated by the pathophysiological implications of obesity on drug distribution and metabolism and the roles that body composition and body size play in drug dosing...
March 17, 2024: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493345/deep-reinforcement-learning-identifies-personalized-intermittent-androgen-deprivation-therapy-for-prostate-cancer
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yitao Lu, Qian Chu, Zhen Li, Mengdi Wang, Robert Gatenby, Qingpeng Zhang
The evolution of drug resistance leads to treatment failure and tumor progression. Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (IADT) helps responsive cancer cells compete with resistant cancer cells in intratumoral competition. However, conventional IADT is population-based, ignoring the heterogeneity of patients and cancer. Additionally, existing IADT relies on pre-determined thresholds of prostate-specific antigen to pause and resume treatment, which is not optimized for individual patients. To address these challenges, we framed a data-driven method in two steps...
January 22, 2024: Briefings in Bioinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493133/blood-based-biomarkers-in-patients-with-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-treated-with-immune-checkpoint-blockade
#3
REVIEW
Yo-Ting Tsai, Jeffrey Schlom, Renee N Donahue
The paradigm of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment has been profoundly influenced by the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), but the range of clinical responses observed among patients poses significant challenges. To date, analyses of tumor biopsies are the only parameter used to guide prognosis to ICI therapy. Tumor biopsies, however, are often difficult to obtain and tissue-based biomarkers are limited by intratumoral heterogeneity and temporal variability. In response, there has been a growing emphasis on the development of "liquid biopsy"‒ derived biomarkers, which offer a minimally invasive means to dynamically monitor the immune status of NSCLC patients either before and/or during the course of treatment...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research: CR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493007/revolutionising-healing-gene-editing-s-breakthrough-against-sickle-cell-disease
#4
REVIEW
Marija Dimitrievska, Dravie Bansal, Marta Vitale, John Strouboulis, Annarita Miccio, Kypros H Nicolaides, Sara El Hoss, Panicos Shangaris, Joanna Jacków-Malinowska
Recent advancements in gene editing illuminate new potential therapeutic approaches for Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), a debilitating monogenic disorder caused by a point mutation in the β-globin gene. Despite the availability of several FDA-approved medications for symptomatic relief, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the sole curative option, underscoring a persistent need for novel treatments. This review delves into the growing field of gene editing, particularly the extensive research focused on curing haemoglobinopathies like SCD...
March 7, 2024: Blood Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492727/stroke-prevention-in-blunt-cerebrovascular-injury-role-of-aspirin-81-mg
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sina Asaadi, Christopher B Khoury, Julia Han, Martin G Rosenthal, Allen G Murga, Justin Dye, Kaushik Mukherjee, Miguel Lopez-Gonzalez, Ian Kershisnik, Marie L Crandall, Maryam B Tabrizi
BACKGROUND: The stroke rate in blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) varies from 25% without treatment to less than 8% with antithrombotic therapy (ATT). There is no consensus on the optimal management to prevent stroke BCVI. We investigated the efficacy and safety of oral Aspirin (ASA) 81 mg to prevent BCVI-related stroke compared to historically reported stroke rates with ASA 325 mg and heparin. METHOD: A single-center retrospective study included adult trauma patients who received oral ASA 81 mg for BCVI management between 2013 and 2022...
March 14, 2024: Annals of Vascular Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492435/development-of-a-c-met-x-cd137-bispecific-antibody-for-targeted-immune-agonism-in-cancer-immunotherapy
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong Zhang, Qun Wang, Sireesha Yalavarthi, Lukas Pekar, Steven Shamnoski, Liufang Hu, Laura Helming, Stefan Zielonka, Chunxiao Xu
BACKGROUND: Targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 has shown promise as a therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy, resulting in anti-tumor efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials. However, the initial CD137 agonistic antibodies, urelumab and utomilumab, faced challenges in clinical trials due to the liver toxicity or lack of efficacy, respectively. Concurrently, c-MET has been identified as a highly expressed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in various solid and soft tumors. METHODS: In this study, we aimed to develop a bispecific antibody (BsAb) that targets both c-MET and CD137, optimizing the BsAb format and CD137 binder for efficient delivery of the CD137 agonist to the tumor microenvironment (TME)...
March 8, 2024: Cancer Treatment and Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492414/relationships-between-preterm-medical-factors-and-feeding-behaviors-at-term-equivalent-age
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolyn Ibrahim, Molly Grabill, Joan Smith, Roberta Pineda
AIM: To identify relationships between early medical factors and preterm infant feeding behaviors at term-equivalent age. METHODS: Forty-three very preterm infants born ≤32 weeks gestation had standardized feeding assessments using the Neonatal Eating Outcome Assessment at term-equivalent age (36-42 weeks postmenstrual age). Medical factors were collected and analyses were run to determine if associations between different medical factors and feeding performance exist...
February 28, 2024: Early Human Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492177/systematic-review-of-literature-citing-the-ischemia-trial
#8
REVIEW
David J King, Christian Eskander, Jacob Ricci, David Gittess, Rushi Patel, Mitchell Bourne, Jeffery Budweg, David E Winchester
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Optimal therapy for patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CCD) has long been a topic under investigation and a subject of debate. Seeking to clarify appropriate management, the International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches (ISCHEMIA) trial compared medical management versus coronary angiography for patients with stable ischemic heart disease. Its reception in the medical community has been met with both acclaim and criticism...
March 16, 2024: Current Cardiology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491943/does-combined-medical-and-surgical-treatment-improve-perianal-fistula-outcomes-in-patients-with-crohn-s-disease-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Moses Fung, Yasamin Farbod, Husain Kankouni, Siddharth Singh, Jeffrey D McCurdy
BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment of perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (PFCD) is unknown. We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to compare combined surgical intervention and anti-TNF therapy (combined therapy) vs. either therapy alone. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched systematically through December 2023. Surgical intervention was defined as an exam under anesthesia ± setons. We calculated weighted risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for our co-primary outcomes: fistula response and healing, defined clinically as a reduction in fistula drainage or number of draining fistulas and fistula closure respectively...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490491/proposals-for-the-delineation-of-neck-clinical-target-volume-for-definitive-radiation-therapy-in-patients-with-oral-oropharyngeal-squamous-cell-cancer-based-on-lymph-node-distribution
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun-Chang Liu, Xin Zhang, Hao-Nan Yang, Lu Zhang, Dan Li, Meng-Qi Yang, Nuo-Han Wang, Yong-Zhong Wu, Jiang-Dong Sui, Ying Wang
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): To establish the distribution pattern of cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) and propose optimized clinical target volume (CTV) boundaries specific to oral/ oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OSCC/OPSCC). MATERIALS/METHODS: 531 patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC/OPSCC were enrolled from January 2013 to June 2022. Patients were stratified into two groups based on the minimal distance from the lesion's edge to the body's midline: ≤1 cm or > 1 cm...
March 13, 2024: Radiotherapy and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490294/unleashing-the-potential-of-oral-deliverable-nanomedicine-in-the-treatment-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#11
REVIEW
Chunhua Yang, Kripa Sharma, Rabeya Jafrin Mow, Eunice Bolay, Anand Srinivasan, Didier Merlin
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), marked by chronic gastrointestinal tract inflammation, poses a significant global medical challenge. Current treatments for IBD, including corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics, often require frequent systemic administration through parenteral delivery, leading to non-specific drug distribution, suboptimal therapeutic outcomes, and adverse effects. There is a pressing need for a targeted drug delivery system (DDS) to enhance drug efficacy and minimize its systemic impact...
March 13, 2024: Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490031/isolated-scrotal-lymphedema-in-a-43-year-old-male-patient-a-case-report
#12
Ghazal Talal Saeed, Donia Ahmad, Montaser Nabeeh Al Smady, Gunjan Awatramani, Tariq Abdul Hamid, Farhad Janahi
INTRODUCTION: Lymphedema of the external genitalia is a rare condition characterized by swelling of the scrotal skin and subcutaneous tissue, resulting from a pathology in lymphatic drainage. Over time, the development of fibrosis leads to a considerable impairment in the patient's quality of life. While conservative management is generally the first-line approach, surgical cases may necessitate surgical intervention to achieve comprehensive and lasting improvements. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 43-year-old obese male patient who presented to the clinic with a complaint of persistent bilateral scrotal swelling for three months...
February 23, 2024: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488908/clinical-insights-into-traumatic-injury-of-the-inferior-alveolar-and-lingual-nerves-a-comprehensive-approach-from-diagnosis-to-therapeutic-interventions
#13
REVIEW
Peer W Kämmerer, Diana Heimes, Amely Hartmann, Marco Kesting, Fouad Khoury, Eik Schiegnitz, Daniel G E Thiem, Jörg Wiltfang, Bilal Al-Nawas, Wolfgang Kämmerer
OBJECTIVES: This scoping review explores the risk and management of traumatic injuries to the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves during mandibular dental procedures. Emphasizing the significance of diagnostic tools, the review amalgamates existing knowledge to offer a comprehensive overview. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library informed the analysis. RESULTS: Traumatic injuries often lead to hypo-/anesthesia and neuropathic pain, impacting individuals psychologically and socially...
March 15, 2024: Clinical Oral Investigations
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488469/optimization-strategies-and-advances-in-the-research-and-development-of-aav-based-gene-therapy-to-deliver-large-transgenes
#14
REVIEW
Valeria V Kolesnik, Ruslan F Nurtdinov, Ezekiel Sola Oloruntimehin, Alexander V Karabelsky, Alexander S Malogolovkin
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based therapies are recognized as one of the most potent next-generation treatments for inherited and genetic diseases. However, several biological and technological aspects of AAV vectors remain a critical issue for their widespread clinical application. Among them, the limited capacity of the AAV genome significantly hinders the development of AAV-based gene therapy. In this context, genetically modified transgenes compatible with AAV are opening up new opportunities for unlimited gene therapies for many genetic disorders...
March 2024: Clinical and Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488215/flexible-and-stretchable-implantable-devices-for-peripheral-neuromuscular-electrophysiology
#15
REVIEW
Hanfei Li, Hang Zhao, Kaikai Song, Fei Han, Zhiyuan Liu, Qiong Tian
The peripheral nervous and muscular system, a cornerstone of human physiology, plays a pivotal role in ensuring the seamless functioning of the human body. This intricate network, comprising nerves and muscles extending throughout the body, is essential for motor control, sensory feedback, and the regulation of autonomic bodily functions. The qualified implantable peripheral interface can accurately monitor the biopotential of the target tissue and conduct treatment with stimulation, enhancing the human-machine interaction and new achievements in disease cure...
March 15, 2024: Nanoscale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486748/the-clinical-impact-of-mrna-therapeutics-in-the-treatment-of-cancers-infections-genetic-disorders-and-autoimmune-diseases
#16
REVIEW
Roham Deyhimfar, Mehrnaz Izady, Mohammadreza Shoghi, Mohammad Hossein Kazazi, Zahra Fakhraei Ghazvini, Hojjatollah Nazari, Zahra Fekrirad, Ehsan Arefian
mRNA-based therapeutics have revolutionized medicine and the pharmaceutical industry. The recent progress in the optimization and formulation of mRNAs has led to the development of a new therapeutic platform with a broad range of applications. With a growing body of evidence supporting the use of mRNA-based drugs for precision medicine and personalized treatments, including cancer immunotherapy, genetic disorders, and autoimmune diseases, this emerging technology offers a rapidly expanding category of therapeutic options...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486733/percutaneous-coronary-intervention-versus-optimal-medical-therapy-for-stable-coronary-artery-disease-an-umbrella-review
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David R Soriano-Moreno, Daniel Fernandez-Guzman, Kimberly G Tuco, Anderson N Soriano-Moreno, Fabricio Ccami-Bernal, Abdiel H Coico-Lama, Antony G Gonzáles-Uribe, Alvaro Taype-Rondan
BACKGROUND: Invasive management of stable coronary artery disease is still a controversial topic. The purpose of this umbrella review was to synthesize systematic reviews (SRs) that evaluate the benefits and harms of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus optimal medical therapy (OMT) in patients with stable coronary artery disease. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL from 2018 to August 7, 2022. We included SRs with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the question of interest...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485677/assessment-of-monitoring-and-management-practices-of-antipsychotic-induced-hyperprolactinemia-at-a-medical-city-in-riyadh-saudi-arabia-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zahra Hussain Alshabeeb, Bashayr Alsuwayni, Omar Alshargi, Ahmed H Abdelazeem
BACKGROUND: Hyperprolactinemia is a commonly underestimated adverse effect of antipsychotic medications. There are still no consensus guidelines for the optimal monitoring and treatment strategies. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the monitoring and treatment practices of antipsychotic- induced hyperprolactinemia, in addition to the prevalence and risk factors associated with it. METHODS: A retrospective cohort observational study was conducted among patients attending the psychiatric clinics at an academic tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from May 2020 until May 2021, by reviewing each patient's medical record for up to five years...
March 12, 2024: Current Drug Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484788/overview-of-rheumatoid-arthritis-associated-interstitial-lung-disease-and-its-treatment
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janelle Vu Pugashetti, Joyce S Lee
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common pulmonary complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), causing significant morbidity and mortality. Optimal treatment for RA-ILD is not yet well defined. Reliable prognostic indicators are largely byproducts of prior ILD progression, including low or decreasing forced vital capacity and extensive or worsening fibrosis on imaging. In the absence of validated tools to predict treatment response, decisions about whether to initiate or augment treatment are instead based on clinical judgment...
March 14, 2024: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484438/yoga-nidra-for-hypertension-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#20
REVIEW
Navdeep Ahuja, Praag Bhardwaj, Monika Pathania, Dilasha Sethi, Arjun Kumar, Ashwin Parchani, Akshita Chandel, Aashish Phadke
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition that affects a substantial proportion of the world's population. Medications are commonly prescribed for hypertension management, but non-pharmacological interventions like yoga are gaining popularity. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the efficacy of Yoga Nidra (YN) for the management of hypertension. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials, i...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
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