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Individuals with unilateral transtibial amputation (TTA) using socket prostheses demonstrate asymmetric joint biomechanics during walking, which increases the risk of secondary comorbidities (e.g., low back pain (LBP), osteoarthritis (OA)). Bone-anchored limbs are an alternative to socket prostheses, yet it remains unknown how they influence multi-joint loading. Our objective was to determine the influence of bone-anchored limb use on multi-joint biomechanics during walking. Motion capture data (kinematics, ground reaction forces) were collected during overground walking from ten participants with unilateral TTA prior to (using socket prostheses) and 12-months after bone-anchored limb implantation...

OBJECTIVES: In recent years, adjunctive therapies for epilepsy management are being explored due to considerable side effects carried by antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and widespread reports of drug-resistant epilepsy. One such approach is non-invasive musical neurostimulation. Within this context, Mozart's sonata K448 has received particular attention following reports of reduced seizure frequency and a decrease in epileptiform discharges during and after music exposure; often described as the 'Mozart effect'...

CONTEXT: The enterohepatic circulation of bile acids depends on intestinal absorption by bile acid transporters and activation of bile acid receptors, which stimulates secretion of hormones regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and appetite. Distribution of bile acid transporters and receptors in the human gut and their potential involvement in type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathophysiology remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: We explored the expression of genes involved in bile acid metabolism throughout the intestines of patients with T2D and matched healthy controls...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical outcomes and risk factors of death related to mental disorders in a cohort of Brazilian hospitalized patients with COVID-19. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized the Brazilian database SIVEP-Gripe to analyze patients aged ≥18 years who had been hospitalized with COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022. The exposure of interest were mental disorders (anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder), identified through self-reported fields...

PURPOSE: To understand the mutational landscape of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tumor tissue of patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treated with abemaciclib + endocrine therapy (ET). METHODS: Blood samples for ctDNA and/or tissue samples were collected from abemaciclib-treated patients with HR+/HER2- MBC enrolled in the SCRUM-Japan MONSTAR-SCREEN project. Blood samples were collected before abemaciclib initiation (baseline) and at disease progression/abemaciclib discontinuation (post abemaciclib treatment)...

BACKGROUND: Myoelectric prostheses have become the accepted standard of care for pediatric upper-limb amputees. OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical characteristics and patterns of prosthesis use and to analyze the changes that occur during the growth process of these patients. STUDY DESIGN: This is a longitudinal retrospective study comparing the results of surveys carried out in 2015 and 2022. METHODS: The variables measured included clinical and demographic characteristics, patterns of use, and satisfaction with the prosthesis...

Tokyo Type 1 open-ended evolution (OEE) is a category of OEE that includes systems exhibiting the ongoing generation of adaptive novelty and ongoing growth in complexity. It can be considered as a necessary foundation for Tokyo Type 2 OEE (ongoing evolution of evolvability) and Tokyo Type 3 OEE (ongoing generation of major transitions). This article brings together five methods of analysis to form a procedure for testing for Tokyo Type 1 OEE. The procedure is presented as simply as possible, isolated from the complexities of any particular evolutionary system, and with a clear rationale for each step...

The primary objectives of any high-volume surgery department should be patient safety, block time utilization and operating room efficiency. Reducing preparation time in the OR prior to actual surgery can improve operating room efficiency and utilization, but only if patient safety can be maintained. With this goal, this study evaluated a novel skin preparation technique using a device named ULTRAPREP™, a sterile, medical-grade plastic bag that is applied to the upper or lower extremity in the pre-operative holding area which allows for skin disinfection outside the OR (referred to as "disinfection bag")...

BACKGROUND: One of the common concerns of healthcare systems is the potential for re-admission of COVID-19 patients. In addition to adding costs to the healthcare system, re-admissions also endanger patient safety. Recognizing the factors that influence re-admission, can help provide appropriate and optimal health care. The aim of this study was to assess comorbidities that affect re-admission and survival in COVID-19 patients using a joint frailty model. METHODS: This historical cohort study was done using data of patients with COVID-19 who were re-hospitalized more than twice in a referral hospital in North of Iran...

In recent years, researchers have successfully recognised human activities using commercially available WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) devices. The channel state information (CSI) can be gathered at the access point with the help of a network interface controller (NIC card). These CSI streams are sensitive to human body motions and produce abrupt changes (fluctuations) in their magnitude and phase values when a moving object interacts with a transmitter and receiver pair. This sensing methodology is gaining popularity compared to traditional approaches involving wearable technology, as it is a contactless sensing strategy with no cumbersome sensing equipments fitted on the target with preserved privacy since no personal information of the subject is collected...

Hippocampal interneurons are a very diverse population of cells. Using single-cell quantitative PCR to analyze rat CA1 hippocampal interneurons, we quantified neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) mRNA subunit expression and detailed possible nAChR subtype combinations for the α2, α3, α4, α5, α7, β2, β3, and β4 subunits. We also compared the expression detected in the stratum oriens and the stratum radiatum hippocampal layers. We show that the majority of interneurons in the CA1 of the rat hippocampus contain detectable levels of nAChR subunit mRNA...

BACKGROUND: Health communication in the COVID-19 pandemic can be effectively implemented if all members of the populations, including marginalized population such as migrant domestic workers (MDWs), have good eHealth literacy. Lessons learned during this critical period may help improve planning and mitigation of the impacts of future health crises. METHODS: This study aimed to examine and explore the eHealth literacy levels of the MDWs in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic by using a convergent mixed methods research design...

AIMS: This study aims to assess the dynamics of in-school adolescents' mental health problems in Harari regional state, eastern Ethiopia for a year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using multistage sampling technique, we conducted a year-long longitudinal study at three public high schools between March 2020 and 2021. Three hundred fifty-eight in-school adolescents were chosen by systematic random sampling for the baseline assessment, and 328 completed the follow-up assessment...

The pathogenesis and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Findings on the relationship of polymorphisms in various genes encoding the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with coronary artery lesions and mortality in AMI patients are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to determine whether the AGTR1 A1166C genetic polymorphism affects coronary artery lesions and 1-year mortality in post-AMI patients. Patients with their first AMI admitted to Cho Ray Hospital, Vietnam, from January 2020 to August 2021 were enrolled in this prospective clinical study...

OBJECTIVES: Preventative services are required to address the risk factors for chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease. The National Health Service Health Checks in England were introduced to provide such services. One School of Pharmacy established a student-led clinic to provide this service to the local community. The clinic was provided by undergraduate pharmacy students and delivered free of charge within a central city locality. The aim was to explore the impact of the clinic on user thoughts and motivations around healthy living and investigate user experience...

Self-reported weight and height serve as important metrics in estimating overweight and obesity prevalence within epidemiological studies, primarily due to their cost and time efficiency. However, the accuracy and reliability of these self-reported measures remain controversial, with conflicting reports emerging from different regions. This study aims to compare self-reported weight and height with measured values among young female adults in the United Arab Emirates. A cross-sectional study of 131 female university students aged 17-27 reported their weight and height on a self-administered questionnaire and on the same day had their height and weight measured...

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex cardiac condition characterized by hypercontractility of cardiac muscle leading to a dynamic obstruction of left ventricular outlet tract (LVOT). Mavacamten, a first-in-class cardiac myosin inhibitor, is increasingly being studied in randomized controlled trials. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to analyse the efficacy and safety profile of Mavacamten compared to placebo in patients of HCM. METHOD: We carried out a comprehensive search in PubMed, Cochrane, and clinicaltrials...

BACKGROUND: We are obliged to give babies the chance to profit from a nationwide screening of developmental dysplasia of the hip in very rural areas of Mongolia, where trained physicians are scarce. This study aimed to compare the quality and interpretation of hip ultrasound screening examinations performed by nurses and junior physicians. METHODS: A group of 6 nurses and 6 junior physician volunteers with no previous ultrasound experience underwent Graf's standard training in hands-on practice...

INTRODUCTION: Ethiopia is experiencing high prevalence of occupational morbidity and disability. One of the main contributing reasons is a low utilization of personal protective equipment (PPE). Previous studies on PPE utilization and association with educational status among industry workers were largely inconsistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis is aimed to pool the magnitude of PPE utilization and its association with educational status among industry workers in Ethiopia. METHOD: A compressive search of international databases and libraries including Scopus, PubMed, MedNar, Embase, MEDLINE, the web of science, Google Scholar, the JBI Library, African Journals Online, and Science direct will be carried out to locate published reports...

BACKGROUND: Juvenile antisocial behavior can have long-lasting and devastating effects for juveniles themselves, victims, and society. Evidence-based treatment is vital. Forensic Outpatient Systemic Therapy (Forensische Ambulante Systeem Therapie; FAST) is a promising treatment for juveniles showing severe antisocial behavior including aggression, (domestic) violence, and delinquent behavior. FAST has a flexible intensity and length, addresses individual and systemic risk and protective factors, and is responsive to the abilities of the client (system), intervention characteristics all considered crucial for effective treatment...