keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38105449/first-report-of%C3%A2-epicoccum-nigrum-%C3%A2-causing-brown-leaf-spot-of-sweet-cherry-prunus-avium-in-china
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianqiang Zhang, Dong Wang, Tao Wei, Xin Lai, Gong Tang, Lihua Wang, Hongwen Li, Jian Liang
Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) has become an important economic fruit in China, mainly produced in Shandong Province. In recent years, the planting area of Aba Prefecture in Sichuan Province has increased. In June 2022, sweet cherry brown leaf spot was found in a cherry plantation (100ha) in Wenchuan County (30°54'50.21″N, 103°24'49.10″E), with an incidence of 50 - 70%. The symptoms appeared as brown circular spots on the leaf, gradually expanding until multiple lesions coalesced to form large irregular brown spots; eventually entire leaves were killed...
December 17, 2023: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38100672/first-report-of-wilt-disease-of-ginger-caused-by-achromobacter-xylosoxidans-in-china
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Hua, Zhijie Zheng, Jianfei Wang, Lin Zhu, Cheng Zhou
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is an important commercial crop that has been widely cultivated in China for more than 2500 years. One variety, Tongling white ginger, has been grown in the Yi'an District of Tongling city, Anhui province (30°45 N, 117°43 E), China. In August 2022, symptoms of yellowing and wilting were observed on ginger plants, with a disease incidence rate exceeding 20% in the field. The stem base of the diseased plants became soft, brown and water-soaked. Additionally, the rhizomes displayed symptoms of browning and water-soaked rot, resembling those caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and Enterobacter cloacae (Yu et al...
December 15, 2023: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38098449/combining-the-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor-cabozantinib-and-the-mtorc1-2-inhibitor-sapanisertib-blocks-erk-pathway-activity-and-suppresses-tumor-growth-in-renal-cell-carcinoma
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yige Wu, Siqi Chen, Xiaolu Yang, Kazuhito Sato, Preet Lal, Yuefan Wang, Andrew T Shinkle, Michael C Wendl, Tina M Primeau, Yanyan Zhao, Alanna Gould, Hua Sun, Jacqueline L Mudd, Jeremy Hoog, R Jay Mashl, Matthew A Wyczalkowski, Chia-Kuei Mo, Ruiyang Liu, John M Herndon, Sherri R Davies, Di Liu, Xi Ding, Yvonne A Evrard, Bryan E Welm, David Lum, Mei Yee Koh, Alana L Welm, Jeffrey H Chuang, Jeffrey A Moscow, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Ramaswamy Govindan, Shunqiang Li, James Hsieh, Ryan C Fields, Kian-Huat Lim, Cynthia X Ma, Hui Zhang, Li Ding, Feng Chen
UNLABELLED: Current treatment approaches for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) face challenges in achieving durable tumor responses due to tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance. Combination therapies that leverage tumor molecular profiles could offer an avenue for enhancing treatment efficacy and addressing the limitations of current therapies. To identify effective strategies for treating RCC, we selected ten drugs guided by tumor biology to test in six RCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models...
December 15, 2023: Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38088554/transcriptional-profiling-of-human-peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells-in-household-contacts-of-pulmonary-tuberculosis-patients-provides-insights-into-mechanisms-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-control-and-elimination
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Qi, Qingluan Yang, Jianpeng Cai, Jing Wu, Yan Gao, Qiaoling Ruan, Lingyun Shao, Jun Liu, Xueshi Zhou, Wenhong Zhang, Ning Jiang, Sen Wang
Abstract Household contacts (HHCs) of patients with active tuberculosis (ATB) are at higher risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M. tuberculosis ) infection. However, the immune factors responsible for different defense responses in HHCs are unknown. Hence, we aimed to evaluate transcriptome signatures in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HHCs to aid risk stratification. We recruited 112 HHCs of ATB patients and followed them for 6 years. Among the HHCs, only 2 developed ATB, while the remaining HHCs were classified into three groups: 1) HHC-1 group (n = 23): HHCs with consistently positive T-SPOT...
December 13, 2023: Emerging Microbes & Infections
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38085980/first-report-of-pseudocercospora-oenotherae-causing-leaf-spot-in-rhinacanthus-nasutus-in-china
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chao Zheng, Yue Lian Liu, Lei Ren
Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz is a traditional Chinese medicine in China. In August 2022, leaf spots were observed on R. nasutus in a Chinese herbal garden in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China (21°17'30″N, 110°18'25″E). Disease incidence was 90% (n = 100 investigated plants from about 800 plants). The yellow spots were round, gray in the center and scattered on the leaves. The coalescence of the individual spot eventually led to leaf wilt. Ten symptomatic leaves from 10 plants were sampled...
November 1, 2023: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38035784/first-report-of-branch-dieback-caused-by-neoscytalidium-dimidiatum-on-styphnolobium-japonicum-l-schott-in-china
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhihan Luo, Pengfei Liu, He Qi, Xiaoguang Chen, Jin Zhang, Chao Sun, Binggan Lou
Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott (family Fabaceae Juss.) also called pagoda tree, is widely planted in northern China in landscape plantings, for erosion control and forestry. In recent years, symptoms of branch dieback were observed on S. japonicum in the southern part of Xinjiang province, China. From 2019 to 2022, in total ca. 1000 ha area was surveyed in Korla (41.68°N, 86.06°E), Bohu (41.95°N, 86.53°E) and Alaer (41.15°N, 80.29°E). Typical symptoms were observed in 70% of the surveyed branches...
November 30, 2023: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37966367/association-of-molecular-subtypes-with-pathologic-response-pfs-and-os-in-a-phase-ii-study-of-coxen-with-neoadjuvant-chemotherapy-for-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer
#27
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Seth P Lerner, David J McConkey, Catherine M Tangen, Joshua J Meeks, Thomas W Flaig, Xing Hua, Siamak Daneshmand, Ajjai Shivaram Alva, M Scott Lucia, Dan Theodorescu, Amir Goldkorn, Matthew I Milowsky, Woonyoung Choi, Rick Bangs, Daniel L Gustafson, Melissa Plets, Ian M Thompson
PURPOSE: The Coexpression Extrapolation (COXEN) gene expression model with chemotherapy-specific scores [for methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, cisplatin (ddMVAC) and gemcitabine/cisplatin (GC)] was developed to identify responders to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We investigated RNA-based molecular subtypes as additional predictive biomarkers for NAC response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in patients treated in S1314. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A total of 237 patients were randomized between four cycles of ddMVAC (51%) and GC (49%)...
January 17, 2024: Clinical Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37964967/cdk4-phosphorylation-status-and-rational-use-for-combining-cdk4-6-and-braf-mek-inhibition-in-advanced-thyroid-carcinomas
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaime M Pita, Eric Raspé, Katia Coulonval, Myriam Decaussin-Petrucci, Maxime Tarabichi, Geneviève Dom, Frederick Libert, Ligia Craciun, Guy Andry, Laurence Wicquart, Emmanuelle Leteurtre, Christophe Trésallet, Laura A Marlow, John A Copland, Cosimo Durante, Carine Maenhaut, Branca M Cavaco, Jacques E Dumont, Giuseppe Costante, Pierre P Roger
BACKGROUND: CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have been established as standard treatment against advanced Estrogen Receptor-positive breast cancers. These drugs are being tested against several cancers, including in combinations with other therapies. We identified the T172-phosphorylation of CDK4 as the step determining its activity, retinoblastoma protein (RB) inactivation, cell cycle commitment and sensitivity to CDK4/6i. Poorly differentiated (PDTC) and anaplastic (ATC) thyroid carcinomas, the latter considered one of the most lethal human malignancies, represent major clinical challenges...
2023: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37957008/repeated-exposure-to-high-thc-cannabis-smoke-during-gestation-alters-sex-ratio-behavior-and-amygdala-gene-expression-of-sprague-dawley-rat-offspring
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thaisa M Sandini, Timothy J Onofrychuk, Andrew J Roebuck, S Austin Hammond, Daniel Udenze, Shahina Hayat, Melissa A Herdzik, Dan L McElroy, Spencer N Orvold, Quentin Greba, Robert B Laprairie, John G Howland
Due to the legalization of Cannabis in many jurisdictions and trend of increasing THC content in Cannabis products, an urgent need exists to understand the impact of Cannabis use during pregnancy on fetal neurodevelopment and behavior. To this end, we exposed female Sprague-Dawley rats to Cannabis smoke daily from gestational days 6 to 20 or room-air. Maternal reproductive parameters, offspring behavior, and gene expression in the offspring amygdala were assessed. Body temperature was decreased in dams following smoke exposure and more fecal boli were observed in the chambers before and after smoke exposure in dams exposed to smoke...
November 10, 2023: ENeuro
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37870555/cleaving-folded-rna-with-dnazyme-10-23-agents
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daria D Nedorezova, Mikhail V Dubovichenko, Arseniy J Kalnin, Moustapha A Y Nour, Ahmed A Eldeeb, Anna I Ashmarova, Gabdulla F Kurbanov, Dmitry M Kolpashchikov
Cleavage of biological mRNA by DNAzymes (Dz) has been proposed as a variation of oligonucleotide gene therapy (OGT). The design of Dz-based OGT agents includes computational prediction of two RNA-binding arms with low affinity (melting temperatures (Tm) close to the reaction temperature of 37oC) to avoid product inhibition and maintain high specificity. However, RNA cleavage might be limited by the RNA binding step especially if the RNA is folded in secondary structures. This calls for the need of two high-affinity RNA-binding arms...
October 23, 2023: Chembiochem: a European Journal of Chemical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830808/molecular-characterization-and-pathogenicity-evaluation-of-enterovirus-g-isolated-from-diarrheic-piglets
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yassein M Ibrahim, Wenli Zhang, Xinrong Wang, Gebremeskel Mamu Werid, Lizhi Fu, Haidong Yu, Yue Wang
Four enterovirus G (EV-G) strains were isolated from diarrheic piglets that were negative for common swine enteric viruses. The spherical enterovirus particles of roughly 30-nm diameter were observed under transmission electron microscopy by using plaque-purified enterovirus. The complete genome sequence analysis revealed that each of four enteroviruses contained a papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP) gene between the 2C and 3A junction regions of the viral genome. This insertion encoded a predicted protease similar to the PLCP of porcine torovirus...
October 13, 2023: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37807089/first-report-of-fusarium-tricinctum-causing-leaf-blight-on-amorphophallus-konjac-in-hunan-province-of-china
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Sun, Qian Long Xiao, TianLei Zhang, Jin Qin Fan, Li Guang Deng, Ying Fu Shen, Xin Liu
Konjac ( Amorphophallus konjac ) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Araceae family, cultivated mainly in south-western China and used extensively for weight loss (Chua et al. 2010). In June 2022, leaf blight was detected on a 2,00 ha A. konjac plantation in Chenxi County, Huaihua City, Hunan Province. It infected almost 20% of the area under cultivation and tends to occur each year during warm, humid weather from May to July, causing significant economic losses to A. konjac production. There were small brown spots on the leaves which gradually spread to form irregular brown lesions...
October 8, 2023: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37784949/the-landscape-of-genetic-alterations-associated-with-metachronous-metastasis-in-patients-with-pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma-and-its-prognostic-significance
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Kim, R Kumar, L Hathout, S K Jabbour, M P Deek
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Metachronous metastasis is one of the major pathologic processes which significantly increases the mortality of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) who completed initial curative treatment. Genetic signatures that drive the metachronous mutations are not well investigated. In this study, we aimed to identify the landscape of genetic alterations associated with metachronous metastasis in patients with PDA and its prognostic significance. MATERIALS/METHODS: We retrospectively identified patients with histologically confirmed PDA who underwent next-generation sequencing using a panel of 324 pre-specified genes...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37772833/antisense-inhibition-of-rna-polymerase-%C3%AE-subunit-of-clostridioides-difficile
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rusha Pal, Mohamed N Seleem
Clostridioides difficile, the causative agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis, has emerged as a major enteric pathogen in recent years. Antibiotic treatment perturbs the gut microbiome homeostasis, which facilitates the colonization and proliferation of the pathogen in the host intestine. Paradoxically, the clinical repertoire for C. difficile infection includes the antibiotics vancomycin and/or fidaxomicin. The current therapies do not address the perturbed gut microbiome, which supports the recurrence of infection after cessation of antibiotic therapy...
September 29, 2023: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37733800/differential-benefit-of-metronomic-chemotherapy-among-triple-negative-breast-cancer-subtypes-treated-in-the-ibcsg-trial-22-00
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Joaquin Garcia, Mattia Rediti, David Venet, Samira Majjaj, Roswitha Kammler, Elisabetta Munzone, Lorenzo Gianni, Beat Thürlimann, István Láng, Marco Colleoni, Sherene Loi, Giuseppe Viale, Meredith M Regan, Laurence Buisseret, Françoise Rothé, Christos Sotiriou
PURPOSE: To explore whether specific triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) molecular subtypes are predictive for a benefit from maintenance low-dose cyclophosphamide and methotrexate (CM) in the adjuvant IBCSG 22-00 phase III clinical trial. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: RNA sequencing was performed on a selection of 347 TNBC FFPE tumor samples following a case-cohort-like sampling. TNBC subtypes were computed on gene expression data. The association between TNBC subtypes and treatment outcome was assessed using a Cox proportional-hazard interaction test...
September 21, 2023: Clinical Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37722405/rapid-detection-of-monkeypox-virus-using-a-crispr-cas12a-mediated-assay-a-laboratory-validation-and-evaluation-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soo Jen Low, Matthew T O'Neill, William J Kerry, Marcelina Krysiak, Georgina Papadakis, Lachlan W Whitehead, Ivana Savic, Jacqueline Prestedge, Lewis Williams, James P Cooney, Thomas Tran, Chuan K Lim, Leon Caly, Janet M Towns, Catriona S Bradshaw, Christopher Fairley, Eric P F Chow, Marcus Y Chen, Marc Pellegrini, Shivani Pasricha, Deborah A Williamson
BACKGROUND: The 2022 outbreak of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) led to the spread of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in over 110 countries, demanding effective disease management and surveillance. As current diagnostics rely largely on centralised laboratory testing, our objective was to develop a simple rapid point-of-care assay to detect MPXV in clinical samples using isothermal amplification coupled with CRISPR and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) technology. METHODS: In this proof-of-concept study, we developed a portable isothermal amplification CRISPR-Cas12a-based assay for the detection of MPXV...
September 15, 2023: The Lancet. Microbe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37712639/precision-detection-of-recent-hiv-infections-using-high-throughput-genomic-incidence-assay
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gina Faraci, Sung Yong Park, Tanzy M T Love, Michael P Dubé, Ha Youn Lee
HIV incidence is a key measure for tracking disease spread and identifying populations and geographic regions where new infections are most concentrated. The HIV sequence population provides a robust signal for the stage of infection. Large-scale and high-precision HIV sequencing is crucial for effective genomic incidence surveillance. We produced 1,034 full-length envelope gene sequences from a seroconversion cohort by conducting HIV microdrop sequencing and measuring the genomic incidence assay's genome similarity index (GSI) dynamics...
September 15, 2023: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37700475/first-report-of-alternaria-burnsii-causing-leaf-spot-on-bletilla-striata-in-china
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fuqiang Yin, Wanli Ma, Yurou Dan, Zixuan Tang, Zhen Song, Qin Xu, Ming Liu
Bletilla striata (named "Bai Ji" in Chinese) is a plant from the Orchidaceae family that has been employed in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years in China. Polysaccharides extracted from B. striata have been shown to have an effect on Alzheimer's disease (Lin et al. 2021). Since 2021, leaf spots have been observed in the B. striata plantation in Chongqing, China. Out of 200 plants, the disease incidence was estimated at 56%, and the disease index was estimated at 32%. The symptoms were necrotic lesions with brown edges and yellow halos; severe infection caused the infected leaves to become blighted, dry and fall off...
September 12, 2023: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37690274/inulin-induced-differences-on-serum-extracellular-vesicles-derived-mirnas-in-dairy-cows-suffering-from-subclinical-mastitis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W Yu, X Nan, M Schroyen, Y Wang, B Xiong
MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles vary with the nutritional and pathological conditions of cattle. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of inulin supplement on miRNA profiles derived from serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). Our goal was to determine the differences in miRNA expressions and analyse the pathways in which they are involved. Based on the results of California mastitis test and milk somatic cell counts, ten lactating cows with subclinical mastitis were randomly divided into two groups: an inulin group and a control group (n = 5 in each group)...
August 9, 2023: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37682228/first-report-of-leaf-blight-of-hedychium-coronarium-caused-by-alternaria-alternata-in-china
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiaqi Zheng, Chaoran Liu, Chaowen Zhang, Yuzhu Han
Hedychium coronarium is an economically significant crop that is widely cultivated for its ornamental, aromatic, and medicinal value (Abbas et al. 2021). From 2020 to 2023, a leaf blight was observed in about 85% of H. coronarium growing in a production field (approximately 500 m2) at Southwest University, Chongqing, China (29° 150'-29° 41' N, 105° 17'-105° 44' E). Symptoms included dark brown necrotic tissue with a clear yellow border. When the disease became severe, affected leaves became dry and abscised...
September 8, 2023: Plant Disease
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