"Kidney measure"

BACKGROUND: Renal artery variations are clinically significant due to their implications for surgical procedures and renal function. However, data on these variations in Sudanese populations are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of renal artery variations in a Sudanese population. METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in Khartoum state from October 2017 to October 2020. A total of 400 Sudanese participants who underwent abdominal CT scans were included...

BACKGROUND: Metabolomics, the study of small molecules in biological systems, can provide valuable insights into kidney dysfunction in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but prospective studies are scarce. We investigated the association between metabolites and kidney function decline in people with T2DM. METHODS: The Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study, a population-based cohort of 1066 men and women aged 60 to 75 years with T2DM. We measured 149 serum metabolites at baseline and investigated individual associations with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), incident chronic kidney disease [CKD; eGFR <60 mL/min/(1...

BACKGROUND: Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at a substantially higher risk for stroke, which may predispose individuals to cognitive impairment. However, the association of low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria with poorer cognitive performance in patients with stroke is not fully understood, and the current evidence for this association is contradictory. Our aim was to retrospectively investigate whether low eGFR and albuminuria, as indicated by the urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR), are independently or jointly associated with worse cognitive performance in patients with ischemic stroke...

PURPOSE: To clarify the changes in the total renal volume over time with changes of the renal function using automated 3D volumetric CT of the whole kidney and to evaluate the usefulness of the total renal volume CT measurement in predicting chronic kidney disease (CKD) grade progression. METHODS: A total of 961 patients who underwent abdominal CT at least twice (an interval of more than 4 years) were included. The automated 3D volumetric CT measurement of the whole kidney was performed at the initial and latest CT examination...

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: In the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) trial, a structured exercise intervention slowed kidney function decline in sedentary older adults. Biomarkers of kidney health could distinguish potential mechanisms for this beneficial effect. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING & POPULATION: A total of 1,381 sedentary adults aged 70-89 years enrolled in the LIFE trial. INTERVENTION: Structured, 2-year, moderate-intensity exercise intervention versus health education...

Despite multiple intracranial and extracranial relapses associated with a widely metastatic meningeal solitary fibrous tumor (formerly classified as hemangiopericytoma), a 66-year-old type 2 diabetic man was first diagnosed with paraneoplastic hypoglycemia 23 years after the original diagnosis and 12 years after the onset of extracranial metastatic disease. An enlarging mass entirely replacing the left kidney measuring 11.6 × 10 × 28 cm, which had not been locally treated before, was considered to be the putative source of IGF-2 excess...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to examine the kidney morphology and somatotype components of adult patients with early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: The sample consisted of 46 individuals with early-stage CKD (26 men and 20 women, mean age=45.92±16.53 years). The pathological subjects were compared with a control group consisting of 46 healthy subjects (28 men and 18 women, mean age=41.96±11.48 years). The Heath-Carter method was used to determine somatotype components...

BACKGROUND: A well-established definition of obstruction in the setting of congenital hydronephrosis is lacking. Multiple imaging modalities and radiographic characteristics or parameters have been described to help confirm the diagnosis of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). We sought to evaluate the change in anterior-posterior renal pelvic diameter (APRPD) following furosemide administration in patients with unilateral hydronephrosis and confirmed UPJO on functional magnetic resonance urography (fMRU) who underwent pyeloplasty...

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of pulmonary hypertension, which may lead to right ventricular (RV) pressure overload and RV dysfunction. However, the presence of subclinical changes in RV structure or function in early CKD and the influence of these changes on mortality are not well studied. We hypothesized that early CKD, as indicated by elevated albuminuria or mild reductions in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), is associated with greater RV dilation and RV mass...

Background: Renal size can be affected by various causal elements such as age, sex, and demographic characteristics. It is crucial for medical professionals to consider these factors when making clinical decisions. The purpose of this investigation was to establish normograms for renal measurements and explore their association with the anthropometric variables in the natives of Northern India. Methods: A total of 105 individuals with presumed healthy kidneys were enrolled in the present study. Kidney length, width and parenchymal thickness were measured, and data were analysed to identify potential differences related to age, gender and side...

Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is a novel non-invasive method to assess tissue metabolism and organ (patho)physiology in vivo using deuterated substrates, such as [6,6'-2 H2 ]-glucose. The liver and kidneys play a central role in whole-body glucose homeostasis, and in type 2 diabetes, both hepatic and renal glucose metabolism are dysregulated. Diabetes is also associated with gastric emptying abnormalities. In this study, we developed a 4-channel 2 H transmit/receive body array coil for DMI in the human abdomen at 7 T and assessed its performance...

BACKGROUND: The use of lithium during breast-feeding has not been comprehensively investigated in humans due to concerns about lithium toxicity. PROCEDURE: We analyzed lithium in the kidneys of nursed pups of lithium medicated mothers, using analytical spectroscopy in a novel rat model. The mothers were healthy rats administered lithium via gavage (1000 mg/day Li2 CO3 per 50 kg body weight). RESULTS: Lithium was detected in the breast milk, and in the blood of pups (0...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: A decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with frailty, but the association between kidney function and frailty using multidimensional assessments has not been entirely examined. We aimed to investigate whether albuminuria and the eGFR using different biomarkers were associated with frailty. METHODS: A total of 1830 older adults were included. Kidney function was assessed by the eGFR (based on combined creatinine-cystatin C [eGFRcr-cys ]) and β2 -microglobulin [eGFRB2M ]) and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR)...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anatomical aspects of the kidney surface in human fetuses during the second gestational trimester. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 108 kidneys obtained from 54 human fetuses (29 males and 25 females). The kidney was dissected and the number of clefts was counted. The renal volume was also assessed. To compare the quantitative data in both sexes, the Students-t-test was used (p < 0.05). Simple linear correlations were calculated for all kidney measurements, according to fetal age...

The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is a heterotrimeric protein whose assembly, trafficking, and function are highly regulated. To better understand the biogenesis and activation of the channel, we quantified the expression of individual subunits of ENaC in rat kidneys and colon using calibrated Western blots. The estimated abundance for the three subunits differed by an order of magnitude with the order γENaC ∼ βENaC ≫ αENaC in both organs. Transcript abundance in the kidney, measured with digital-drop PCR and RNAseq, was similar for the three subunits...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the enhancement accuracy of a triple-phase abdominal CT angiography (CTA) protocol in dogs and explore the patient, scan, and contrast parameters associated with accuracy of enhancement. ANIMALS: 233 client-owned dogs that underwent routine abdominal CTA. PROCEDURES: During each CTA study, the subjective timing accuracy (early, ideal, late) of the 3 obtained vascular phases (arterial, venous, delayed) was scored by consensus (2 reviewers) at 4 target organs (liver, pancreas, left kidney, and spleen)...

OBJECTIVES: Ultrasound examination - recommended in the prenatal period - allows for an assessment of fetal anatomy and well-being and for monitoring its growth trend. Determining gestational age is important in monitoring the developing fetus. Research is increasingly being conducted in search of further biometric components that may improve ultrasound techniques in terms of predicting the gestational age. It should be noted that a fairly large number of publications focus on the accessibility of fetal kidneys to diagnostic imaging during routine ultrasound examination...

PURPOSE: Prior case reports have noted an increase in renal size and perinephric stranding accompanying immunotherapy-related renal toxicity due to checkpoint-inhibitor therapy. The purpose of this investigation was to systematically evaluate if immunotherapy-related renal toxicity affects renal size and possible associated imaging findings. METHODS: This retrospective multi-hospital study included 25 patients (13 men), mean age 67 years (range 46-83) who received immune-checkpoint inhibitors for cancer treatment, developed biopsy-proven immunotherapy-related nephritis, and who also had abdominal imaging before, during, and after nephritis was diagnosed...

A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room with febrile right flank pain. The computed tomography scan and the magnetic resonance imaging had objectified lesion image occupying the upper half of the right kidney, measuring 82 mm, suggesting an infectious origin without excluding the infected tumor. He was put under antibiotics. A percutaneous biopsy revealed renal cell carcinoma with suppurative tumor necrosis. He underwent a right radical nephrectomy. The histopathological study revealed a collision tumor of papillary, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid dedifferentiation...

BACKGROUND: Metanephric adenoma (MA) is a rare benign renal tumor that resembles renal cell carcinoma and Wilms' tumor in radiological as well as pathological appearance. It can present at any age or gender, and it is extremely rare in the pediatric age group with less than 50 reported cases. Fanconi-Bickel syndrome (FBS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of carbohydrate metabolism. Herein, we report a rare incidence of MA in a boy with a genetically confirmed FBS who underwent a nephron-sparing surgery...