Bioresorbable scaffolds

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INTRODUCTION: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a well-known risk factor for adverse clinical outcomes in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, evaluation of coronary stents in this challenging clinical scenario can provide unique information on device safety and efficacy. Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) were designed to overcome long-term complications related to permanent vessel caging with a permanent metallic drug-eluting stent (DES). AIM: We designed this study to evaluate the mid-term safety and efficiency of the Magmaris BRS in comparison to the leading new-generation ultrathin DES Ultimaster in the ACS population...

This study involved creating oligomeric conjugates of 3-hydroxy fatty acids and diclofenac, named Dic-oligo(3HAs). Advanced NMR techniques confirmed no free diclofenac in the mix. We tested diclofenac release under conditions resembling healthy and chronic wound skin. These oligomers were used to make P(3HO) blends, forming patches for drug delivery. Their preparation used the solvent casting/porogen leaching (SCPL) method. The patches' properties like porosity, roughness, and wettability were thoroughly analysed...

Implantable hydrogels should ideally possess mechanical properties matched to the surrounding tissues to enable adequate mechanical function while regeneration occurs. This can be challenging, especially when degradable systems with a high water content and hydrolysable chemical bonds are required in anatomical sites under constant mechanical stimulation, e.g., a foot ulcer cavity. In these circumstances, the design of hydrogel composites is a promising strategy for providing controlled structural features and macroscopic properties over time...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), exemplified by coronary artery disease (CAD), is a global health concern, escalating in prevalence and burden. The etiology of CAD is intricate, involving different risk factors. CVD remains a significant cause of mortality, driving the need for innovative interventions like percutaneous coronary intervention and vascular stents. These stents aim to minimize restenosis, thrombosis, and neointimal hyperplasia while providing mechanical support. Notably, the challenges of achieving ideal stent characteristics persist...

In recent years, there has been a notable surge of interest in hybrid materials within the biomedical field, particularly for applications in bone repair and regeneration. Ceramic-polymeric hybrid scaffolds have shown promising outcomes. This study aimed to synthesize bioactive glass (BG-58S) for integration into a bioresorbable polymeric matrix based on PDLLA, aiming to create a bioactive scaffold featuring stable pH levels. The synthesis involved a thermally induced phase separation process followed by lyophilization to ensure an appropriate porous structure...

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Background: Chronic limb-threatening ischaemia can be a debilitating disease and may result in limb amputation if untreated. Atherosclerotic disease of the infra-popliteal arteries is particularly challenging to treat due to the small caliber of the vessels and the heavy burden of atherosclerotic plaque. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is the conventional first-line approach and is advantageous due to its minimal invasiveness, repeatability, and cost-effectiveness but is limited by high rates of elastic recoil, dissection, and short- to mid-term re-stenosis...

A novel bioresorbable drug-eluting polycaprolactone (PCL) mesh scaffold was developed, utilizing a solvent-cast additive manufacturing technique, to promote therapy of muscle injury. The degradation rate and mechanical properties strength of the PCL mesh were characterized after immersion in a buffer solution for different times. The in vitro release characteristics of vancomycin, ceftazidime, and lidocaine from the prepared mesh were evaluated using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay. In addition, the in vivo efficacy of PCL meshes for the repair of muscle injury was investigated on a rat model with histological examinations...

BACKGROUND: The 1-year clinical outcomes of the Absorb GT1 Japan post-market surveillance (PMS) suggested that an appropriate intracoronary imaging-guided bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation technique may reduce the risk of target lesion failure (TLF) and scaffold thrombosis (ST) associated with the Absorb GT1 BVS. The long-term outcomes through 5 years are now available.Methods and Results: This study enrolled 135 consecutive patients (n=139 lesions) with ischemic heart disease in whom percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the Absorb GT1 BVS was attempted...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this multicentre study was to analyse the outcomes of biosynthetic absorbable poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) prosthesis implantation in patients undergoing ventral hernia repair (VHR) in the context of different degrees of contamination. METHODS: From May 2016 to December 2021, a multicentre retrospective analysis of patients who underwent elective or urgent hernia repair with P4HB prosthesis was performed in seven hospitals in Spain and Portugal...

INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous coronary intervention with implantation of a bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) provide the vessel support for a limited period allowing the vessel to restore normal vasomotion after degradation of the BRS, opposed to treatment with drug-eluting stents where the metal persist in the vessel wall. Late lumen loss and reduction in lumen area after implantation have been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether intense pre-dilatation before BRS implantation resulted in less reduction of minimal lumen area at 6- and 12-month follow-up after implantation of a Magmaris BRS (MgBRS)...

Endovascular repair of aortic dissection still presents significant limitations. Preserving the mechanical and biological properties set by the aortic microstructure is critical to the success of implantable grafts. In this paper, we present the performance of an adhesive bioresorbable patch designed to cover the entry tear of aortic dissections. We demonstrate the power of using a biomimetic scaffold in a vascular environment.

Four-dimensional (4D) printing unlocks new potentials for personalized biomedical implantation, but still with hurdles of lacking suitable materials. Herein, we demonstrate a bioresorbable shape memory elastomer (SME) with high elasticity at both below and above its phase transition temperature (Ttrans ). This SME can be digital light 3D printed by co-polymerizing glycerol dodecanoate acrylate prepolymer (pre-PGDA) with acrylic acid monomer to form crosslinked Poly(glycerol dodecanoate acrylate) (PGDA)-Polyacrylic acid (PAA), or PGDA-PAA network...

BACKGROUND: Although the technology of bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) aroused the peak of interest a few years ago and currently remains available only as part of experimental research, patients who have had BVS implanted should be still carefully monitored to detect possible long-term complications. CASE SUMMARY: We present the case of a 47-year-old man who had received BVS implantation for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Six years later, computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) demonstrated in-segment restenosis in between two newly formed coronary aneurysms at the site of the implanted BVS...

Simulation of bioresorbable medical devices is hindered by the limitations of current material models. Useful simulations require that both the short- and long-term response must be considered; existing models are not physically-based and provide limited insight to guide performance improvements. This study presents an integrated degradation framework which couples a physically-based degradation model, which predicts changes in both crystallinity (Xc ) and molecular weight (Mn ), with the results of a micromechanical model, which predicts the effective properties of the semicrystalline polymer...

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A pair of alkyne- and thiol-functionalized polyesters are designed to engineer elastomeric scaffolds with a wide range of tunable material properties (e.g., thermal, degradation, and mechanical properties) for different tissues, given their different host responses, mechanics, and regenerative capacities. The two prepolymers are quickly photo-cross-linkable through thiol-yne click chemistry to form robust elastomers with small permanent deformations. The elastic moduli can be easily tuned between 0.96 ± 0...

Osteochondral grafts are used for repair of focal osteochondral lesions. Autologous grafts are the gold standard treatment; however, limited graft availability and donor site morbidity restrict use. Therefore, there is a clinical need for different graft sources/materials which replicate natural cartilage function. Chitosan has been proposed for this application. The aim of this study was to assess the biomechanics and biotribology of a bioresorbable chitosan/chitosan-nano-hydroxyapatite osteochondral construct (OCC), implanted in an in vitro porcine knee experimental simulation model...

BACKGROUND: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is still the main drawback of heart transplantation (HTx) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a palliative measure because of the high incidence of failure. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of bioresorbable scaffolds (BRSs) as potential novel therapeutic tool for the treatment of coronary stenoses in CAV. METHODS: This is a multicenter, single-arm, prospective, open-label study (CART, NCT02377648), that included patients affected by advanced CAV treated with PCI and second-generation ABSORB BRS (Abbott Vascular)...