Foot tumors

Schwannomas localized in the sacrum are relatively infrequent, accounting for 1-5% of all spinal axis schwannomas; they present with vague symptoms or are symptomless, so often grow to a considerable size before detection. Sacral schwannomas occasionally present with enormous dimensions, and these tumors are termed giant sacral schwannomas. However, their surgical removal is challenging owing to an abundant vascularity. The present study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of a patient with a giant sacral schwannoma...

The majority of solid testicular tumors are treated with orchiectomy given the high risk of malignancy. We present a case of a testicular mass in an adult patient in the setting of recent hand, foot, and mouth disease that was managed conservatively with serial ultrasounds. Even though cases of viral-associated testicular masses are rare, this differential diagnosis should be considered in patients with a new testicular mass in the setting of recent viral infection and negative tumor markers. For these patients, observation may be an option instead of immediate orchiectomy...

Foam dressing (FD) and micropower vacuum dressing (MVD) have been applied in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). However, research about the mode of action on the efficacy of the two dressings is extremely rare. This study proposed to explore the mechanism involved in diabetic wound healing under FD or MVD treatment. Macroscopical study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of FD and MVD on wound healing in a rat model of DFU. Morphological analysis in the wound skin tissue was conducted by hematoxylin and eosin staining...

Schwannoma or neurilemmoma is a slow-growing tumor that develops from nerve sheaths. It is mostly benign and only rarely transforms into malignancy. The incidence of schwannoma is very low in the lower limbs. Schwannomas developing from the common peroneal nerve is unlikely. A middle-aged male presented with complaints of left knee pain, which was radiating to the left foot, and a painful swelling at the back of the knee. An intralesional excision was done, and the patient made a full recovery with no postoperative complications...

Diabetic foot ulcers are a serious complication of uncontrolled diabetes, emphasizing the need to develop wound healing strategies that are not only effective but also biocompatible, biodegradable, and safe. We aimed to create biomatrices composed of semi-interpenetrated polymer networks of collagen, polyurethane, and dextran, to enhance the wound healing process. The hydrogels were extensively characterized by various analytical techniques, including analysis of their structure, crystallinity, thermal properties, gelation process, reticulation, degradation, cell proliferation, and healing properties, among others...

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to characterize the association between the timing of MRI ordering and completion for pediatric knee injuries and Social Deprivation Index (SDI), which is a comprehensive, validated, county-level, measure of socioeconomic variation in health outcomes based upon combining geography, income, education, employment, housing, household characteristics, and access to transportation. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was completed of patients 21 years old and younger from our institution with a history of knee sports injury (ligamentous/soft tissue injury, structural abnormality, instability, inflammation) evaluated with MRI between 5/26/2017 and 12/28/2020...

The calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm (CCMN) represents a recently recognized tumor type with only 50 well-documented cases in the English-language literature. Herein we report an additional case of CCMN presenting as a large mass in the temporomandibular joint region of a 41-year-old female. A review of previously reported cases and the current case of CCMN shows the following features: 1) average age 52 years (range 14-87 years) and an approximately even sex distribution; 2) most frequently involved sites: distal extremities (including foot, hand, wrist, forearm) (n=41) and temporomandibular joint/temporal/parotid region (n=9); 3) multilobular soft tissue tumor with chondroid to cartilaginous matrix, often grungy or lace-like calcifications, and variable cytologic atypia; 4) frequently detected FN1 rearrangement (n=15), including FN1 fusion with FGFR2 (n=7) or other receptor tyrosine kinases; 5) 2 reported local recurrences (after incomplete excision); 6) no reports of malignant biologic behavior...

BACKGROUND Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a paraneoplastic syndrome caused by aberrant fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23)-producing tumors. Early surgical resection is the optimal strategy for preventing TIO progression. Thus, tumor localization is a priority for successful treatment. A simple and safe examination method to identify functional endocrine tumors is essential to achieve better outcomes in patients with TIO. CASE REPORT A 64-year-old Japanese man with recurrent fractures, hypophosphatemia, and elevated alkaline phosphatase and FGF-23 levels (109 pg/mL) was admitted to our university hospital and was diagnosed with FGF23-related hypophosphatemic osteomalacia...

CASE: A 40-year-old man was evaluated for a painful mass on his right calf, and a 36-year-old woman presented with a painless mass on her right foot. Final pathology revealed marked nuclear atypia and positivity for S100/SOX10 and AE1/AE3 confirming diagnoses of myoepithelial carcinoma. Both patients underwent surgical resection and are without evidence of local recurrence or metastatic disease at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: Soft-tissue tumors presenting in the extremities warrant careful evaluation and timely histopathologic diagnosis...

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness and safety of pyrotinib have been substantiated in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive advanced breast cancer (BC). However, the role of pyrotinib as a single HER2 blockade in neoadjuvant setting among BC patients has not been studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of pyrotinib plus taxanes as a novel neoadjuvant regimen in patients with HER2-positive early or locally advanced BC. METHODS: In this single-arm exploratory phase II trial, patients with treatment-naïve HER2-positive BC (stage IIA-IIIC) received pyrotinib 400 mg once daily and taxanes [docetaxel 75 mg/m2 or nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel 260 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, or paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 weekly] for a total of four 21-day cycles before surgery...

BACKGROUND: Tumoral calcinosis is a condition characterized by deposits of calcium phosphate crystals in extra-articular soft tissues, occurring in hemodialysis patients. Calcium phosphate crystals are mainly composed of hydroxyapatite, which is highly infiltrative to tissues, thus making complete resection difficult. An adjuvant method to remove or resolve the residual crystals during the operation is necessary. CASE SUMMARY: A bicarbonate Ringer's solution with bicarbonate ions (28 mEq/L) was used as the adjuvant...

BACKGROUND: Intradural spinal tumors are an uncommon entity with a variety of pathologies and symptom patterns. Few cases reports in the literature have described tumor migration within the spinal canal. OBSERVATIONS: A 38-year-old male presented with bilateral upper lumbar radicular symptoms of anterior thigh pain, with an enhancing tumor of the cauda equina initially located at L1-2. He declined surgery initially, and at a follow-up 3 years later, his symptoms were unchanged but the tumor was now located at T12-L1...

Angioleiomyoma is a benign soft tissue tumor originating in the smooth muscle of blood vessels. It most frequently presents as a painful, free-moving subcutaneous nodule in the lower extremities and is most common in middle-aged women. Angioleiomyoma is rare amongst benign foot neoplasms, and a preoperative diagnosis of angioleiomyoma is rare. We present a case of angioleiomyoma involving the ankle of a 28-year-old female. To prevent patient suffering, we emphasize the importance of an early and accurate diagnosis...

BACKGROUND: Neoplastic lesions affecting peripheral nerves are rare in the general population and, most often, are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. However, a minority of lesions represent high-grade malignancies associated with a poor prognosis, such as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). Very rarely, these tumors represent peripheral non-nerve sheath tumors (PNNSTs), such as hematological neoplasms that impair nerve function. These can be hard to distinguish from MPNSTs and other lesions arising from the nerve itself...

OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of inflammatory factors and autophagy-related proteins in granulation tissue of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients and analyze their relationship with infection. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study. One hundred and fifty-two patients with DFU in our hospital from July 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the DFU group, including 98 cases in infection stage group and 54 cases in infection control group. The patients were further graded as the mild (51 cases), the moderate (65 cases), and the severe infection group (36 cases) according to the Wagner grading criteria...

INTRODUCTION: Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatment for certain anatomy locations can be extremely challenging due to patient positioning and potential motion. This present study describes the treatment of a recurrent tenosynovial giant cell tumor of the plantar forefoot using the ExAblate 2100 system in combination with patient immobilization device. METHODS: Prior to the treatment, several patient immobilization devices were investigated...

BACKGROUND: Canonical α/β T-cell receptors (TCRs) bind to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) displaying antigenic peptides to elicit T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. TCR-engineered T-cell immunotherapies targeting cancer-specific peptide-HLA complexes (pHLA) are generating exciting clinical responses, but owing to HLA restriction they are only able to target a subset of antigen-positive patients. More recently, evidence has been published indicating that naturally occurring α/β TCRs can target cell surface proteins other than pHLA, which would address the challenges of HLA restriction...

IMPORTANCE: Certain patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus could benefit from surgical resection, and postoperative adjuvant therapy may lower the incidence of tumor recurrence. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of sorafenib plus transarterial chemoembolization vs sorafenib alone as postoperative adjuvant therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a phase 3, multicenter, randomized clinical trial conducted in 5 hospitals in China...

Systemic exposure to starch-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) can stimulate antitumor T cell responses, even when little IONP is retained within the tumor. Here, we demonstrate in mouse models of metastatic breast cancer that IONPs can alter the host immune landscape, leading to systemic immune-mediated disease suppression. We report that a single intravenous injection of IONPs can inhibit primary tumor growth, suppress metastases, and extend survival. Gene expression analysis revealed the activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways involving signaling via Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β (TRIF), a TLR pathway adaptor protein...

INTRODUCTION: An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is an unusual, non-cancerous bone lesion that is characterized by its lytic (causing bone loss), hemorrhagic, and expanding nature. ABCs are relatively rare, making up only 1% of all bone tumors. These cysts are typically found in long bones and the spine but are very rarely seen in the metatarsal bones, making such occurrences quite uncommon. CASE REPORT: In this case report, we present a case of ABC of the 3rd metatarsal in a 26-year-old female with complaints of long-standing foot pain and gradually increasing swelling of the dorsum of the foot...