symptom magnification

INTRODUCTION: Peripheral nerve tumors are a group of rare soft tissue tumors of neuro-ectodermal origin. Although the majority of them are benign in nature, up to 10% can be malignant. The symptoms depend on the site, size, and structures compressed by the tumor. AIM: To highlight the heterogeneity of signs and symptoms and their presentations, which has often made it difficult for the attending physician to accurately diagnose and direct the patient toward appropriate treatment...

With its firm establishment as a neuropsychology subspecialty, forensic neuropsychological assessment is integral to many criminal and civil forensic evaluations. In addition to evaluating cognitive deficits, forensic neuropsychologists can provide reliable information regarding symptom magnification, malingering, and other neurocognitive and psychological issues that may impact the outcome of a particular legal case. This article is an overview and introduction to neuropsychological assessment in the forensic mental health context...

Endodontic management of teeth afflicted with pulp canal obliteration faces a challenge due to the heightened risk of complications including excessive wear, perforation, and suboptimal chemomechanical preparation. This report aims to elucidate the clinical endodontic strategy employed in addressing pulp canal obliteration after a history of dental trauma and an associated periradicular lesion in an upper lateral incisor. A patient visited the dental emergency department with symptoms of apical swelling, acute persistent pain, and discoloration of tooth 22...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Several studies are currently exploring the anatomical origins of superior longitudinal fascicule 2 (SLF-2) and SLF-3, which are components of the frontoparietal network. This study aimed to achieve optimum visualization of the anatomical corridors of these fibers using Photoshop® filters. METHODS: Four postmortem brain hemispheres were dissected in accordance with the method proposed by Klingler and Ludwig. Dissections were performed under a surgical microscope (Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen Germany) at 4× and 40× magnification...

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare tumor of histiocytic origin, characterized by foamy or lipid-laden histiocytes mixed or surrounded by fibrosis that infiltrate multiple organs. Misdiagnosis is common due to the diversity of clinical presentations. The present study reported a case of ECD with the involvements of bone, cardiac, aorta and retroperitoneum. The patient had no obvious clinical symptoms and no noteworthy foamy histiocytes or Touton giant cells were found on pathological examination, delaying the diagnosis...

BACKGROUND: Epstein-Barr virus-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (EBV+IFDCS) is a rare disease characterized by mild clinical symptoms and non-specific imaging findings. The diagnosis of the disease depends on pathological diagnosis. However, EBV+IFDCS has a very broad spectrum of histological morphology and immune phenotypes, and its histopathological features have not been fully described by pathologists. CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old female, with no significant discomfort, was found to have a splenic mass during a routine physical examination...

INTRODUCTION: Neurologic complications after limb schwannoma resection are not unusual, but there is no consensus on risk factors for neurologic deficit or poor functional results. We therefore conducted a retrospective study, to screen for factors predicting 1) postoperative neurologic deficit and 2) poor functional results. HYPOTHESIS: Certain pre- and intra-operative features predict risk of failure, poor results or aggravation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A single-center retrospective study was conducted in the University Hospital of Lille, France, for the period January 2004 to March 2020, including 71 patients...

Maxillary molar with three roots and 3 to 4 canals is a common occurrence. However, in addition to common root canal anatomy, there may be significant differences in the number, distribution, and morphological structure of root canals. The success of root canal treatment is dependent on ensuring that all the intricate details associated with it are meticulously followed. Failure to locate all canals could have a negative effect on the treatment as it may lead to initiation or continuation of periapical pathology...

Mandibular molars display a wide spectrum of intricate anatomical variations among the Indian population. This case report details the diagnosis and successful endodontic management of a mid-mesial canal in the mandibular first molar tooth, emphasizing the importance of radiographic imaging and meticulous instrumentation. The patient presented with symptoms of irreversible pulpitis that led to accurate relief of symptoms after shaping and cleaning protocols were followed. This case series discusses the challenges encountered during canal negotiation, cleaning, shaping, and obturation, providing insights into the complexities associated with mid-mesial canals...

INTRODUCTION: This study was intended to evaluate the expression of inflammatory cytokines commonly secreted by CD4+ T cells (IL-2, IL-5, IL-17, TGF-β, TNF-α and IFN-γ) in apical granulomas and correlate with the clinical conditions and time elapsed since root canal treatment. METHODS: Eighteen biopsy specimens obtained by periradicular surgery of teeth with post-treatment apical periodontitis and diagnosed as apical granuloma were available from the oral pathology laboratory...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical-pathological characteristics of 3 cases of bronchiolar adenoma/pulmonary ciliary mucinous nodular papillary tumors, and to improve the understanding of bronchiolar adenoma (BA)/ciliated muconodular papillary tumors (CMPT) (bronchiolar adenoma/ciliated muconodular papillary tumor). METHODS: Retrospective analysis was done on the clinical information, diagnosis, and treatment of 3 instances of BA/CMPT at the Second People's Hospital of Weifang City...

While corrective spectacles have been worn for centuries, relatively little is known about the physical and perceptual effects associated with their optical distortions. Retinal image minification, for example, is caused by myopic spectacle correction and may also occur in near-eye displays. Previous work suggests that different amounts of minification (or magnification) between the eyes can produce perceptual distortions and oculomotor discomfort, but the extent to which these effects are problematic is unknown...

BACKGROUND: It is difficult to diagnose the underlying cause of erythroderma on mere clinical presentation. The role of dermoscopy in diagnosing erythroderma secondary to various etiologies is evolving. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to observe the dermoscopic features of erythroderma secondary to different cutaneous disorders and compare them with clinical features and histopathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine consecutive patients of erythroderma were enrolled in the study...

Spindle cell soft tissue sarcomas are rare and challenging malignancies that tend to masquerade as benign conditions. This case report presents a 70-year-old female who sought medical attention due to persistent right lower limb pain and swelling over one year. Despite prior consultations at private clinics, her symptoms continued to progress. A tender, palpable swelling was noted upon examination, prompting further diagnostic investigations. Initial X-ray results yielded inconclusive findings, necessitating an MRI study with contrast...

BACKGROUND: Grossly bloody colostrum is defined as the presence of brownish or bloody-colored colostrum. The frequency is determined to be 0.1% of all births, and no predisposing factor for its occurrence was determined. The purpose of this study was to find factors that increase the probability of the syndrome and the possible influence of the presence of erythrocytes (red blood cells-RBCs) in breast milk on the symptoms of maternal milk intolerance in newborns. METHODS: Here, 2 mL of colostrum was collected from 137 participants on postpartum days 1-3, separately from each breast, and transferred to the laboratory...

UNLABELLED: Demodex blepharitis does not have agreed standardized guidelines. The aim of this study was to classify signs and symptoms and to develop appropriate management strategies for Demodex blepharitis from a consensus of expert advice. METHODS: A total of 11 anterior segment experts (ophthalmologists, optometrists and a contact lens optician) working in the United Kingdom participated in a modified 2-round Delphi panel. A mixed-methods approach was adopted and a survey questionnaire for round 1 was formulated, constructed from information in the available literature...

Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic musculoskeletal pain, muscle tension, joint mobility loss, and several psychological symptoms severely affecting patient well-being. Histamine is naturally degraded in the small intestine by diamine oxidase (DAO). Hereditary or acquired DAO deficiency causes extracellular histamine accumulation, leading to symptoms similar to those of individuals diagnosed with FM. Thus, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of adding DAO supplementation for 8 weeks to their standard therapy...

BACKGROUND: The giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) is the second most frequent soft tissue tumour affecting the hand. No consensus exists on the etiology, prognostic factors, or recurrence rate of GCTTS. This article presents a series of 18 cases supplemented by a literature review that examines the epidemiology, presentation, gross and microscopic characteristics, and recurrence rate of GCTTS. METHODS: A total of 18 patients with a histo-pathological diagnosis of a GCTTS of the hand or finger were reviewed...

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease characterized by chronic widespread pain concomitant with psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and depression. It has been reported that FM patients engage in pain catastrophizing. In this study, we investigated characteristics of the brain volume of female FM patients and the association between psychological indices and brain volume. Thirty-nine female FM patients and 25 female healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for the study, and five FM patients were excluded due to white matter lesions...

BACKGROUND: People with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) commonly report a fear of movement that can worsen symptoms and increase disability. The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) is used to evaluate fear of movement and (re)injury, but findings have been inconsistent in different populations. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of TSK-11 in individuals with upper limb CRPS. Specifically, to determine if the factor structure aligns with the original two-factor model, consisting of "activity avoidance" and "somatic focus...