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REVIEW
Zora Kikinis, Agustin Castañeyra-Perdomo, José Luis González-Mora, Richard Jarrett Rushmore, Poliana Hartung Toppa, Kayley Haggerty, George Papadimitriou, Yogesh Rathi, Marek Kubicki, Ron Kikinis, Carina Heller, Edward Yeterian, Bianca Besteher, Stefano Pallanti, Nikos Makris
Current views on immunity support the idea that immunity extends beyond defense functions and is tightly intertwined with several other fields of biology such as virology, microbiology, physiology and ecology. It is also critical for our understanding of autoimmunity and cancer, two topics of great biological relevance and for critical public health considerations such as disease prevention and treatment. Central to this review, the immune system is known to interact intimately with the nervous system and has been recently hypothesized to be involved not only in autonomic and limbic bio-behaviors but also in cognitive function...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucy Eke, Alistair Tweedie, Sophie Cutts, Emma L Wise, Gillian Elliott
The herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) virion host shutoff (vhs) protein is an endoribonuclease that regulates the translational environment of the infected cell, by inducing the degradation of host mRNA via cellular exonuclease activity. To further understand the relationship between translational shutoff and mRNA decay, we have used ectopic expression to compare HSV1 vhs (vhsH) to its homologues from four other alphaherpesviruses - varicella zoster virus (vhsV), bovine herpesvirus 1 (vhsB), equine herpesvirus 1 (vhsE) and Marek's disease virus (vhsM)...
April 2024: Journal of General Virology
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iwona Paciepnik, Agata Bąk, Katarzyna Leoszkiewicz, Adam Windak, Tomasz Madej, Oleszczyk Marek, Krzysztof Studziński, Tomasz Tomasik
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Upper respiratory tract infection (URTIs), caused by a variety of viruses and sometimes by bacteria, represents the most common acute illness in primary health care. The aim of the study was to explore the registered incidence of URTIs in Poland in the period between 2015-2019, and its burden on the health care system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out of all medical encounters in Poland registered within the national billing database of public healthcare services...
March 25, 2024: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine: AAEM
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiaoer Lin, Jun Zhou, Fan Yang, Congsen Zheng, Meiting Chen, Chuanzhe Chang, Shikai Cai, Feng Wen, Nina Wang, Yanfeng Chen, Limei Qin
Sodium butyrate (NaB) has garnered attention in recent years for its ability to impede the malignant progression of tumors. In order to explore the potential inhibitory effects of NaB on the replication of Marek's disease virus (MDV) and subsequent lymphoma formation, newly hatched chickens were infected with the vvMDV Md5 strain and administered NaB prior to (prevention group) or following (treatment group) Md5 inoculation. The results revealed that NaB played a pivotal role in diminishing both the incidence and fatality rates in chickens afflicted with Md5 infection...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruy D Chacón, Christian J Sánchez-Llatas, Sarah L Pajuelo, Andrea J Diaz Forero, Victor Jimenez-Vasquez, Jack A Médico, Luis F Soto-Ugaldi, Claudete S Astolfi-Ferreira, Antonio J Piantino Ferreira
Marek's disease virus (MDV) has become an increasingly virulent pathogen in the poultry industry despite vaccination efforts to control it. Brazil has experienced a significant rise of Marek's disease (MD) outbreaks in recent years. Our study aimed to analyze the complete meq gene sequences to understand the molecular epidemiological basis of MD outbreaks in Brazilian vaccinated layer farms. We detected a high incidence rate of visceral MD (67.74%) and multiple circulating MDV strains. The most prevalent and geographically widespread genotype presented several clinical and molecular characteristics of a highly virulent strain and evolving under positive selective pressure...
December 2024: Veterinary Quarterly
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nik M Faiz, Aneg L Cortes, Yuen-Fun Phang, Isabel M Gimeno
Abstract Monitoring Marek's disease (MD) vaccination is routinely done by evaluating load of MD vaccine in the feather pulp (FP) between 7-10 days of age. However, attempts in our laboratory to detect a novel CVI-LTR vaccine in the FP samples from commercial flocks failed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the most suitable tissue and age to monitor CVI-LTR vaccination. We used two different commercial CVI988 as controls. One hundred sixty one-day old commercial brown layers were vaccinated with either CVI-LTR, CVI988-A, CVI988-B, or remained unvaccinated...
February 27, 2024: Avian Pathology: Journal of the W.V.P.A
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adeyinka J Adedeji, Ismail Shittu, Olatunde B Akanbi, Olayinka O Asala, Jolly A Adole, Philip A Okewole, Gabriel O Ijale, Dennis Kabantiyok, Felix Idoko, Johnson J Shallmizhili, Paul A Abdu, Shedrach B Pewan
Marek's disease (MD) and chicken infectious anaemia (CIA) are viral immunosuppressive diseases of poultry caused by the MD virus (MDV) and CIA virus (CIAV) respectively. Despite vaccination against MD, the incidence of the disease in vaccinated poultry flocks in Nigeria persists. However, underlying factors like co-infection with CIAV have not been investigated in the country. This study was designed to investigate possible co-infections of MDV and CIAV in poultry flocks in Nigeria. In 2016, tumorous tissue samples were collected from suspected cases of MD at necropsy in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria...
March 2024: Veterinary and Animal Science
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuo Han, Shuang Zhao, Haile Ren, Qianqian Jiao, Xianjia Wu, Xinrui Hao, Mingchun Liu, Liping Han, Limei Han
Abstract Marek's disease (MD) is a neoplastic disease that significantly affects the poultry industry. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial regulatory factors in various biological processes, including tumourigenesis. However, the involvement of novel lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of MD virus (MDV) is still underexplored. Here, we present the first comprehensive characterisation of differentially expressed lncRNAs in chicken spleen at different stages of MDV infection. A series of differentially expressed lncRNAs was identified at each stage of MDV infection through screening...
February 7, 2024: Avian Pathology: Journal of the W.V.P.A
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kannan Ganapathy, Sivamurthy Parthiban
The poultry industry is the largest source of meat and eggs for the growing human population worldwide. Key concerns in poultry farming are nutrition, management, flock health, and biosecurity measures. As part of the flock health, use of live viral vaccines plays a vital role in the prevention of economically important and common viral diseases. This includes diseases and production losses caused by Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, infectious bursal disease virus, Marek's disease virus, chicken infectious anemia virus, avian encephalomyelitis virus, fowlpox virus, and avian metapneumovirus...
January 2024: Avian Diseases
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoshinosuke Motai, Shiro Murata, Jumpei Sato, Akihito Nishi, Naoya Maekawa, Tomohiro Okagawa, Satoru Konnai, Kazuhiko Ohashi
Marek's disease virus (MDV) causes malignant lymphoma (Marek's disease; MD) in chickens. The Meq protein is essential for tumorigenesis since it regulates the expression of host and viral genes. Previously, we reported that the deletion of the short isoform of Meq (S-Meq) decreases the pathogenicity of MDV. Recently, we identified a further short isoform of Meq (very short isoform of Meq, VS-Meq) in chickens with MD in Japan. A 64-amino-acid deletion was confirmed at the C-terminus of VS-Meq. We measured the transcriptional regulation by VS-Meq in three gene promoters to investigate the effect of VS-Meq on protein function...
January 20, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marek Adam Harhala, Katarzyna Gembara, Krzysztof Baniecki, Aleksandra Pikies, Artur Nahorecki, Natalia Jędruchniewicz, Zuzanna Kaźmierczak, Izabela Rybicka, Tomasz Klimek, Wojciech Witkiewicz, Kamil Barczyk, Marlena Kłak, Krystyna Dąbrowska
Multiple pathogens are competing against the human immune response, leading to outbreaks that are increasingly difficult to control. For example, the SARS-CoV-2 virus continually evolves, giving rise to new variants. The ability to evade the immune system is a crucial factor contributing to the spread of these variants within the human population. With the continuous emergence of new variants, it is challenging to comprehend all the possible combinations of previous infections, various vaccination types, and potential exposure to new variants in an individual patient...
December 29, 2023: Viruses
#12
Zoran Žlabravec, Brigita Slavec, Ema Rožmanec, Saša Koprivec, Alenka Dovč, Olga Zorman Rojs
Marek's disease (MD), caused by Mardivirus gallidalpha 2 (GaAHV-2), also known as MD virus (MDV), is a lymphoproliferative disease that primarily affects chickens. Recently, MDV has been detected in lymphomatous tumors in turkeys in various countries. Between 2021 and 2023, three cases ranging from no to severe clinical disorders (depression, lameness, and increased mortality) occurred in commercial turkey flocks in Slovenia. In all cases, MDV was detected by PCR in DNA samples extracted from organs developing tumor infiltrations...
January 12, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justin K Sheen, Fidisoa Rasambainarivo, Chadi M Saad-Roy, Bryan T Grenfell, C Jessica E Metcalf
Theoretical models have successfully predicted the evolution of poultry pathogen virulence in industrialized farm contexts of broiler chicken populations. Whether there are ecological factors specific to more traditional rural farming that affect virulence is an open question. Within non-industrialized farming networks, live bird markets are known to be hotspots of transmission, but whether they could shift selection pressures on the evolution of poultry pathogen virulence has not been addressed. Here, we revisit predictions for the evolution of virulence for viral poultry pathogens, such as Newcastle's disease virus, Marek's disease virus, and influenza virus, H5N1, using a compartmental model that represents transmission in rural markets...
January 19, 2024: Nature Communications
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christos Thomadakis, Ilias Gountas, Erika Duffell, Konstantinos Gountas, Benjamin Bluemel, Thomas Seyler, Filippo Maria Pericoli, Irene Kászoni-Rückerl, Ziad El-Khatib, Martin Busch, Irene Schmutterer, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Sofieke Klamer, Els Plettinckx, Laure Mortgat, Dominique Van Beckhoven, Tonka Varleva, Mirjana Lana Kosanovic Licina, Tatjana Nemeth Blazic, Diana Nonković, Fanitsa Theophanous, Vratislav Nemecek, Marek Maly, Peer Brehm Christensen, Susan Cowan, Kristi Rüütel, Henrikki Brummer-Korvenkontio, Cécile Brouard, Gyde Steffen, Amrei Krings, Sandra Dudareva, Ruth Zimmermann, Georgia Nikolopoulou, Zsuzsanna Molnár, Emese Kozma, Magnús Gottfredsson, Niamh Murphy, Loreta A Kondili, Maria Elena Tosti, Anna Rita Ciccaglione, Barbara Suligoi, Raina Nikiforova, Renate Putnina, Ligita Jancoriene, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Tanya Melillo, Anders Boyd, Marc van der Valk, Eline Op de Coul, Robert Whittaker, Hilde Kløvstad, Małgorzata Stępień, Magdalena Rosińska, Cristina Valente, Rui Tato Marinho, Odette Popovici, Mária Avdičová, Jana Kerlik, Irena Klavs, Mojca Maticic, Asuncion Diaz, Julia Del Amo, Josefine Lundberg Ederth, Maria Axelsson, Georgios Nikolopoulos
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological data are crucial to monitoring progress towards the 2030 Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) elimination targets. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of chronic HCV infection (cHCV) in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) countries in 2019. METHODS: Multi-parameter evidence synthesis (MPES) was used to produce national estimates of cHCV defined as: π = πrec ρrec + πex ρex + πnon ρnon ; πrec , πex , and πnon represent cHCV prevalence among recent people who inject drugs (PWID), ex-PWID, and non-PWID, respectively, while ρrec , ρex , and ρnon represent the proportions of these groups in the population...
January 2024: The Lancet regional health. Europe
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irit Davidson, Caterina Lupini, Elena Catelli, Giulia Quaglia, Luca Maddaloni, Giulia Mescolini
Fifty-seven Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2) isolates, collected during a 30-year period (1990-2019) from commercial poultry flocks affected by Marek's disease (MD), were molecularly characterised. The GaHV-2 meq gene was amplified and sequenced to evaluate the virus virulence, based on the number of PPPPs within the proline-rich repeats (PRRs) of its transactivation domain. The present illustration of virus virulence evaluation on a large scale of field virus isolates by molecular analysis exemplifies the practical benefit and usefulness of the molecular marker in commercial GaVH-2 isolates...
January 6, 2024: Virus Genes
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chuan Wang, Yuanzi Liu, Yuze Yang, Man Teng, Xuerui Wan, Zixiang Wu, Zhao Zhang
Marek's disease virus (MDV) strain GX0101 was the first reported field strain of recombinant gallid herpesvirus type 2 (GaHV-2). However, the splenic proteome of MDV-infected chickens remains unclear. In this study, a total of 28 1-day-old SPF chickens were intraperitoneally injected with chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) containing 2000 PFU GX0101. Additionally, a control group, consisting of four one-day-old SPF chickens, received intraperitoneal equal doses of CEF. Blood and various tissue samples were collected at different intervals (7, 14, 21, 30, 45, 60, and 90 days post-infection; dpi) for histopathological, real-time PCR, and label-free quantitative analyses...
January 5, 2024: BMC Veterinary Research
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Learta Pervizaj-Oruqaj, Balachandar Selvakumar, Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero, Monika Heiner, Christina Malainou, Rolf David Glaser, Jochen Wilhelm, Marek Bartkuhn, Astrid Weiss, Ioannis Alexopoulos, Biruta Witte, Stefan Gattenlöhner, István Vadász, Rory Edward Morty, Werner Seeger, Ralph Theo Schermuly, Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz, Susanne Herold
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection mobilizes bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) that gradually undergo transition to tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AM) in the inflamed lung. Combining high-dimensional single-cell transcriptomics with complex lung organoid modeling, in vivo adoptive cell transfer, and BMDM-specific gene targeting, we found that transitioning ("regenerative") BMDM and TR-AM highly express Placenta-expressed transcript 1 (Plet1). We reveal that Plet1 is released from alveolar macrophages, and acts as important mediator of macrophage-epithelial cross-talk during lung repair by inducing proliferation of alveolar epithelial cells and re-sealing of the epithelial barrier...
January 2, 2024: Nature Communications
#18
Mourad Zeghdoudi, Merdaci Latifa, Madi Seloua, Sadeddine Rima, Tahri Mardja, Aoun Leila
Marek's disease (MD) is a huge problem for researchers due to the significant losses in bird flocks, but more importantly, the virus's mutagenic potential. The purpose of this study was to describe non-classical gross lesions observed in broilers and laying hens that suggest the disease emergence and re-emergence. The survey was conducted on 10 broiler and 4 laying hen flocks. All of the dead birds were necropsied in order to obtain a comprehensive diagnosis of lesions, analysing both macroscopic and microscopic alterations...
November 2023: Veterinární Medicína
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bartłomiej Tykałowski, Andrzej Koncicki, Joanna Kowalczyk, Marcin Śmiałek, Tadeusz Bakuła, Daria Murawska, Wiesław Sobotka, Tomasz Stenzel
INTRODUCTION: Alternative protein sources have recently been attracting growing interest as potential components of livestock nutrition. This study evaluated the effect on broiler health of replacing the soybean protein component of poultry feed with processed insect protein from farmed Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 384 male broiler chicks were divided into four diet groups (eight pens/treatment and 12 birds/pen) and reared to the 42nd day of life (dol)...
June 2023: Journal of Veterinary Research
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatemeh Fazel, Ayumi Matsuyama-Kato, Mohammadali Alizadeh, Nitish Boodhoo, Shayan Sharif
Marek's disease is a contagious proliferative disease of chickens caused by an alphaherpesvirus called Marek's disease virus. A bivalent mRNA vaccine encoding MDV's glycoprotein-B and phosphoprotein-38 antigens was synthesized and encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles. Tumor incidence, lesion score, organ weight indices, MDV genome load and cytokine expression were used to evaluate protection and immunostimulatory effects of the tested mRNA vaccine after two challenge trials. Results from the first trial showed decreased tumor incidence and a reduction in average lesion scores in chickens that received the booster dose...
December 16, 2023: Virology
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