Toddler sleep

Objective  To identify sleep patterns and sleep behaviors in a group of infants and toddlers (0 to 36 months) in Iran. Methods  Parents and caregivers of 602 infants and toddlers in Iran completed a Persian translation of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. To assess the differences among the age groups, non-parametric statistical approaches such as the Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests were employed. Results  The infants and toddlers went to bed relatively late (22:30), and the median night awakening was 2 times (20 min)...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the following: (i) sleep characteristics in preterm infants at 9-20 weeks of corrected age, and (ii) differences in early spontaneous movements and developmental functioning results between the groups based on some sleep characteristics. METHODS: Seventy-four preterm infants (36 female) were included. Sleep characteristics were assessed according to the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ). The infants were divided into two groups based on total sleep duration: less than 12 h (38 infants), and 12 h and more (36 infants)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: More than 2,900 US children aged younger than 4 years die from unknown causes each year, accounting for more than 219,000 life years lost annually. They are mostly sleep-related and unwitnessed with unremarkable autopsies, limiting our understanding of death mechanisms. We sought to understand potential mechanisms of death by evaluating videos of sudden deaths in toddlers. METHODS: In our registry of 301 sudden unexplained child deaths, a series of 7 consecutively enrolled cases with home video recordings of the child's last sleep period were independently assessed by 8 physicians for video quality, movement, and sound...

BACKGROUND: Toddlerhood (2-3 years) is a crucial period for the development of physical activity, sleep, and emotional self-regulation skills. Although there is growing evidence of positive associations between physical activity, sleep, and emotional self-regulation in school-aged children, the associations in toddlers remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association between physical activity, sleep, and emotional self-regulation in toddlers. METHODS: Baseline data from 1350 toddlers (2...

The COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing lockdowns might have had a strong impact on mental health of mothers and their infants/toddlers. For example, families had to deal with health issues and social isolation, which might have affected mental health and parent-child interactions. The aim of this study is to evaluate differences in (1) infantile regulatory disorders, (2) maternal mental health, (3) the impact of maternal mental health on infantile regulatory disorders, and (4) alterations in the mother-child interaction for participants recruited before versus after the onset of the first German lockdown...

INTRODUCTION: Childhood is an important stage for socio-emotional development. Understanding the associations of lifestyle habits with the healthy development of social and emotional skills is crucial for better interventions early in life. This study aims to analyze the association between sleep and socio-emotional development in toddlers aged 12 to 36 months and examine whether weight mediated these associations. METHODS: This study is part of a cluster randomized controlled trial developed in Portuguese childcare centers...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying societal measures have impacted children and their families all over the world. Little is known about the factors associated with mental health outcomes in young children (i.e., 1 to 6 years old) during the pandemic. The current study aimed to examine associations with potential risk and protective factors, i.e., direct COVID-19 exposure factors as well as within-family characteristics. METHODS: Caregivers of children aged 1-6 years old were recruited in the Netherlands to participate in an ongoing longitudinal research project...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this pilot study was to assess improvements in associated sleep and caregiver mood following treatment of atopic dermatitis in young children. METHODS: Participants included children (n = 23; Mage = 22.0 months) and their caregivers. Topical management of atopic dermatitis was conducted for 2 weeks, with measures of skin, sleep (child, caregiver), and mood (caregiver) at baseline and day 14. RESULTS: Topical management resulted in significant improvements in child skin, with associated increases in sleep consolidation...

BACKGROUND: This study estimated the prevalence of Singapore infants and toddlers who met the new Singapore Integrated 24-Hour Activity Guidelines for Early Childhood and examined its association with well-being. METHODS: A total of 267 parents of children aged between 0 and 2 years completed an online questionnaire that consists of the Singaporean Children Lifestyle Questionnaire and either the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) Inventory Infant Scale or the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience a multiplex of disease-related symptoms and complications, including vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs), episodes characterized by extreme pain. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational survey examined the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and school experiences of children with SCD 2 months-11 years, burden experienced by their caregivers, and associations between these outcomes and VOC frequency. Caregivers (N=167) of children with SCD in the US completed the Infant-Toddler Quality of Life-Short Form 47 (ITQoL-SF47) for children 2 months-4 years, the Child Health Questionnaire-Parent Form 50 (CHQ-PF50) and PROMIS Pain Interference and Sleep Disturbance Parent Proxy short forms for children 5-11 years, and a study-specific survey of school experiences...

BACKGROUND: Health technology innovation is increasingly supported by a bottom-up approach to priority setting, aiming to better reflect the concerns of its intended beneficiaries. Web-based forums provide parents with an outlet to share concerns, advice, and information related to parenting and the health and well-being of their children. They provide a rich source of data on parenting concerns and priorities that could inform future child health research and innovation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to identify common concerns expressed on 2 major web-based forums and cluster these to identify potential family health concern topics as indicative priority areas for future research and innovation...

BACKGROUND: Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by severe intellectual disability, movement disorder, epilepsy, sleeping problems, and behavioural issues. Little is known on child health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in AS. AS family studies have reported elevated parenting stress and a high impact of the child's syndrome on the parent. It is unclear which factors influence child HRQoL and parenting stress/impact in AS. METHODS: We collected data prospectively through standardised clinical assessments of children with AS at the ENCORE Expertise centre for Angelman Syndrome at the Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital...

Observation studies suggest differences in myelination in relation to differences in early life nutrition. This two-center randomized controlled trial investigates the effect of a 12-month nutritional intervention on longitudinal changes in myelination, cognition, and behavior. Eighty-one full-term, neurotypical infants were randomized into an investigational (N = 42) or a control group (N = 39), receiving higher versus lower levels of a blend of nutrients. Non-randomized breastfed infants (N = 108) served as a reference group...

Infant and toddler sleep affects family functioning and maternal mental health and well-being. However, little is known about parental perceptions regarding child daytime sleep. The current study aimed to determine maternal beliefs and cognitions of child naps, assessing how naps impact perceived child and maternal functioning. Mothers of 465 infants and toddlers (4-36mos; M = 18.5mos) in the United States completed an online questionnaire addressing those aims, including maternal perception of naps after napping cessation...

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all children be screened for autism at their 18- and 24-month well-child visit. For children who screen positive for autism, it is unknown whether this usually represents the first time a developmental concern has been raised or if other developmental concerns typically precede a positive autism screen. Such knowledge could help guide providers in how to appropriately convey feedback regarding autism screening. This study found that, for close to 80% of children with a positive autism screen, caregivers or providers had a prior autism, language, motor, or other developmental concern documented in the electronic health record...

IMPORTANCE: Children experiencing poverty are more likely to experience worse health outcomes, including injury, chronic illness, worse nutrition, and poorer sleep. The extent to which poverty reduction improves these outcomes is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a 3-year, monthly unconditional cash transfer on health, nutrition, sleep, and health care utilization among children experiencing poverty who were healthy at birth. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This longitudinal randomized clinical trial recruited 1000 mother-infant dyads between May 2018 and June 2019...

Sleep disturbances in children with epilepsy are prevalent, and are associated with substantial adverse medical and psychosocial consequences. This study is a 5-year follow-up of a clinic-based sleep intervention study that randomized 100 toddlers and preschool-age children with epilepsy to a usual care group or a sleep intervention group. The intervention group received standard paediatric neurology care plus three education sessions during the child's routine clinic visit. The outcomes measured were: (1) child sleep by actigraphy and parental report; and (2) maternal sleep and depression...

SIGNIFICANCE: Studies using simultaneous functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-electroencephalography (EEG) during natural sleep in infancy are rare. Developments for combined fNIRS-EEG for sleep research that ensure optimal comfort as well as good coupling and data quality are needed. AIM: We describe the steps toward developing a comfortable, wearable NIRS-EEG headgear adapted specifically for sleeping infants ages 5 to 9 months and present the experimental procedures and data quality to conduct infant sleep research using combined fNIRS-EEG...

Physical activity and sleep are important factors of mental and physical health in children, with some reports indicating that their effects can persist into adulthood. However, there is limited research on the qualitative aspects of physical activity and sleep in preschool children, particularly in those aged < 3 years. Therefore, to elucidate the association between psychosocial health and physical activity/sleep in early childhood in terms of qualitative aspects, we conducted a retrospective cohort study in 2985 3-year-old children (37...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the use of sleep efficiency (SE) as a measure of sleep disturbance in infants and toddlers with ABI and evaluate associations between SE and child health related quality of life (HRQOL) and family outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 101 children aged 3-36 months who survived critical care for ABI. SE was quantified from the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire as a ratio of nighttime sleep to total time in bed; poor SE defined as <80%...