IL-1alpha

It has long been established that active agents in seminal fluid are key to initiating and coordinating mating-induced immunomodulation. This is in part governed by the actions of a network of cytokine interactions which, to date, remain largely undefined, and whose interspecific evolutionary conservation is unknown. This study applied Bayesian methods to illustrate the interrelationships between seminal profiles of interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-17, eotaxin, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-gamma, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1) alpha, MIP-1beta, regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, leptin, inducible protein (IP)-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a rat model...

Current research on wound infections is primarily conducted on animal models, which limits direct transferability of these studies to humans. Some of these limitations can be overcome by using-otherwise discarded-skin from cosmetic surgeries. Superficial wounds are induced in fresh ex vivo skin, followed by intradermal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa under the wound. Subsequently, the infected skin is incubated for 20 hours at 37°C and the CFU/wound are determined. Within 20 hours, the bacteria count increased from 107 to 109 bacteria per wound, while microscopy revealed a dense bacterial community in the collagen network of the upper wound layers as well as numerous bacteria scattered in the dermis...

Patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa failing adalimumab therapy, or those ineligible to receive it, remain a population with an unmet need. Twenty patients not eligible for adalimumab were randomized to receive 12 weeks of blind treatment with placebo or MABp1, a true human antibody targeting IL-1α. Hidradenitis suppurativa clinical response score at week 12 was the primary endpoint. The primary endpoint was met in 10% and 60% of placebo- and MABp1-treated patients, respectively (odds ratio = 13...

Type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients suffer from insulinopenia and hyperglycaemia. Studies have shown that if a patient's hyperglycaemic environment is not compensated, it leads to complex immune dysfunctions. Similarly, T1D mothers with poor glycaemic control exert a negative impact on the immune responses of their newborns. However, questions concerning the impact of other metabolic disturbances on the immune system of T1D mothers (and their newborns) have been raised. To address these questions, we examined 28 T1D women in reproductive age for the relationship between various metabolic, clinical, and immune parameters...

BACKGROUND: During the fasting month of Ramadan, practicing Saudis develop severe disturbances in sleeping and feeding patterns. Concomitantly, cortisol circadian rhythm is abolished, diurnal cortisol levels are elevated and circulating levels of several adipokines are altered favouring insulin resistance. AIM: To examine changes in the expression of CLOCK and glucocorticoid-controlled genes, such as DUSP1 and IL-1α in Saudi adults before and during Ramadan, and to investigate possible associations with selected cardiometabolic risk factors...

Increasing evidence has indicated that activated glial cells releasing nociceptive factors, such as interleukins and chemokines, are of key importance for neuropathic pain. Significant changes in the production of nociceptive factors are associated with the low effectiveness of opioids in neuropathic pain. Recently, it has been suggested that CCL2/CCR2 signaling is important for nociception. Here, we studied the time course changes in the mRNA/protein level of CD40/Iba-1, CCL2 and CCR2 in the spinal cord/dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in rats following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve...

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Carnosine's (CARN) anti-inflammatory potential in autoimmune diseases has been but scarcely investigated as yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of CARN in rat adjuvant arthritis, in the model of carrageenan induced hind paw edema (CARA), and also in primary culture of chondrocytes under H2O2 injury. The experiments were done on healthy animals, arthritic animals, and arthritic animals with oral administration of CARN in a daily dose of 150 mg/kg b.w. during 28 days as well as animals with CARA treated by a single administration of CARN in the same dose...

Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is an important pathogen causing various infections including those of the skin. Keratinocytes are able to sense invading S. aureus and to initiate a fast defense reaction by the rapid release of innate defense mediators such as antimicrobial peptides and cytokines. There is increasing evidence that the cytokines IL-1alpha and IL-1beta, which both signal through the IL-1 receptor, play an important role in cutaneous defense against S. aureus. The aim of this study was to gain more insight into the underlying mechanisms leading to the S...

BACKGROUND: Expression of the growth factor osteoactivin (OA) increases during tissue degeneration and regeneration, fracture repair and after denervation-induced disuse atrophy, concomitant with increased matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, OA's expression with repetitive overuse injuries is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate: 1) OA expression in an operant rat model of repetitive overuse; 2) expression of MMPs; 3) inflammatory cytokines indicative of injury or inflammation; and 4) the inducible form of heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A/HSP72) as the latter is known to increase during metabolic stress and to be involved in cellular repair...

Inflammation is a major contributor to neuronal injury and is associated with poor outcome after acute brain injury such as stroke. The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 is a critical regulator of cerebrovascular inflammation after ischemic injury, mainly through action of both of its isoforms, IL-1α and IL-1β, at the brain endothelium. In contrast, the differential action of these ligands on endothelial activation and post-stroke angiogenesis is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that IL-1α is chronically elevated in the brain after experimental stroke suggesting that it is present during post-stroke angiogenic periods...

BACKGROUND: Adenocarcinoma, the most common form of lung cancer, is one of main human malignant tumors. In this paper, we focus on the effect of antitumor activity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells on human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. METHODS: CIK cells were obtained by inducing peripheral blood mononuclear cells with recombinant human (rh) interferon-gamma, monoclonal anti-CD3 antibody, rh interleukin (IL)-1alpha, and rhIL-2, which were added into the culture...

AIMS: The role of the IL-1 system in development of type 2 diabetes is well established. Using an IL-1 receptor antagonist, which blocks IL-1alpha and -beta activity, or by specifically neutralizing IL-1beta, several clinical studies have demonstrated improvement in insulin secretion and glycaemia. However, the role of IL-1alpha remains to be investigated. METHODS: We evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of a neutralizing true human™ monoclonal antibody against IL-1alpha (MABp1) in an open label trial in patients with type 2 diabetes...

Cadmium (Cd), is one of the most hazardous metals found in the environment. Cd exposure through inhalation has been linked to various diseases in lungs. It was shown that Cd induces proinflammatory cytokines through oxidative stress mechanism. In this report, we studied the immunomodulatory effect of a well known antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) treated human lung A549 cells through human cytokine array 6. The lung cells were treated with 0 or 75 µM CdCl2 alone, 2.5 mM NAC alone, or co-treated with 2...

An interesting research and therapeutic problem is the reduced beneficial efficacy of opioids in the treatment of neuropathic pain. The present study sought to investigate the potential role of IL-1 family members in this phenomenon. We studied the time course of changes in IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor type I and IL-1 receptor antagonist mRNA and protein levels experienced by rats after chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. In CCI-exposed rats, spinal levels of IL-1alpha mRNA were slightly downregulated on the 7th day, and protein levels were not changed on the 7th and 14th days...

In neuropathic pain the repeated minocycline treatment inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of the microglial markers and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). The minocycline diminished the pronociceptive (IL-6, IL-18), but not antinociceptive (IL-1alpha, IL-4, IL-10) cytokines at the spinal cord level. In vitro primary cell culture studies have shown that MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-1beta, IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-18 are of microglial origin. Minocycline reduces the production of pronociceptive factors, resulting in a more potent antinociceptive effect...

Cell death cannot go unnoticed. It demands that the surrounding cells clear away the corpses in a manner appropriate to the type of cell death. Dying cells represent a threat to the body that should be eliminated by the host immune response. Inflammasome activation followed by IL-1alpha release and IL-1beta maturation is crucial for tackling pathological conditions, including infections, whereas inflammasome activation precedes inflammatory pyroptotic cell death. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that the inflammasome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis...

AIM: To show the impact of chemotherapeutic drugs doxorubicin and taxotere on the molecular pattern of cell response to photodynamic treatment (PDT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human squamous cell carcinoma cells A-431 were studied. Apoptosis was investigated by recording caspase-3 activity. Expression of IL-1alpha and VEGF on mRNA and protein levels was measured by qPCR and ELISA. RESULTS: PDT in combination with either doxorubicin or taxotere was found to be more cytotoxic in comparison to either single-treatment...

OBJECTIVE: To analysis the effects of Talpha1 on the immune effector molecules in mouse immune system. METHODS: Sixty five BABL/c mice were divided into four groups: CsA group (n=20), Talpha1 group (n= 20), CsA+Talpha1 group (n=20) and control group (n=5). In the 3 experimental groups, 10 mg/kg CsA, 400 microg/ kg Talpha1, 10 mg/kg CsA+400 microg/kg Talpha1 were respectively administrated by intraperitoneal injection daily. Luminex was performed for cytokine detection at 1 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d day after the above treatments...

BACKGROUND: The reasons for the chronic viral persistence of hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) are unknown, but are probably related to host immune factors. Cytokines play a significant role in immune defense. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a proinflammatory cytokine and some studies have demonstrated that IL-1 production was impaired in patients with chronic infections of hepatitis B virus, implying that IL-1 may play a role in viral clearance, progression of fibrosis and in malignant potential of HBV...