short cx treatment

BACKGROUND: Vaginal progesterone in preterm birth and adverse outcomes caused by cervical insufficiency remains controversial. To address it, the effect of vaginal progesterone on preterm delivery and perinatal outcome of single pregnancy women with short cervix (less than 25 mm) was systematically evaluated by meta-analysis. METHODS: "Vaginal progesterone," "placebo," "ultrasound," "cervix," "singleton pregnancy," "preterm birth," and "antenatal outcomes" were entered to screen clinical studies PubMed, Embase, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM)...

The lack of vitamin B12 in unprocessed plant-based foods can lead to health problems in strict vegetarians and vegans. The main aim of this study was to investigate the potential synergy of co-culturing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and Propionibacterium freudenreichii in improving production of vitamin B12 and short-chain fatty acids in soy whey. Different strategies including mono-, sequential and simultaneous cultures were adopted. Growth, short-chain fatty acids and vitamin B12 were assessed throughout the fermentation while free amino acids, volatiles, and isoflavones were determined on the final day...

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of foodborne infections occurring in high income countries mainly by consumption of undercooked and raw pork products. The virus is zoonotic with pigs and wild boars as the main reservoirs. Several studies proved the presence of HEV-RNA in pork liver sausages, pâté and other pork by-products. However, the detection of HEV nucleic acids does not necessary correspond to infectious virus and information on the persistence of the virus in the food is still limited...

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate maternal and neonatal outcomes after buprenorphine wean compared to patients maintained on buprenorphine throughout pregnancy. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of pregnant patients with opioid use disorder enrolled in a multidisciplinary treatment program between 2015 and 2022. All patients were offered Medications to treat Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) primarily with buprenorphine. Patients had at least 2 prenatal visits and negative urine drug tests (UDT) prior to weaning...

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The burden of prematurity underscores the need for effective risk reduction strategies. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of progesterone therapy, both intramuscular 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (IM 17-OHPC) and vaginal progesterone, in the prevention of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). The co-primary outcomes included: recurrent spontaneous PTB < 37 and < 34 weeks' gestation...

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a critical life-threatening challenge which necessitates the urgency to trigger life-saving treatment in a timely manner. This study aimed to evaluate the time required for rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) directly from blood culture bottles to optimize empirical treatment of BSI, especially in pediatric and infant patients, using a cost-effective method. This study included 419 Gram-negative bacteria, of which Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were the most common CPE causing BSI in pediatric and neonatal patients...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with short- and long-term neurological complications. The variety of symptoms makes it difficult to unravel molecular mechanisms underlying neurological sequalae after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here we show that SARS-CoV-2 triggers the up-regulation of synaptic components and perturbs local electrical field potential. Using cerebral organoids, organotypic culture of human brain explants from individuals without COVID-19 and post-mortem brain samples from individuals with COVID-19, we find that neural cells are permissive to SARS-CoV-2 to a low extent...

BACKGROUND: Cryptococcosis is an invasive, opportunistic fungal infection seen especially in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the second leading cause of mortality in HIV patients. We report a case of disseminated cryptococcosis presenting with altered mental status in a newly diagnosed HIV infection. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 50-year-old with a short history of altered mental sensorium and a history of low-grade fever and weight loss for few months presented at a tertiary care hospital in North India...

Citral has attracted much attention as a safe and effective plant-derived bacteriostatic agent. However, the ability of citral to induce the formation of VBNC state in Vibrio vulnificus has not been evaluated. In the present study, V. vulnificus was shown to be induced to form the VBNC state at 4.5 h and 3 h of citral treatment at 4MIC and 6MIC. Moreover, the citral-induced VBNC state of V. vulnificus maintained some respiratory chain activity and was able to recover well in both APW media, APW media supplemented with 5 % (v/v) Tween 80 and 2 mg/mL sodium pyruvate...

INTRODUCTION: Gut microbes form complex networks that significantly influence host health and disease treatment. Interventions with the probiotic bacteria on the gut microbiota have been demonstrated to improve host well-being. As a representative of next-generation probiotics, Christensenella minuta ( C. minuta ) plays a critical role in regulating energy balance and metabolic homeostasis in human bodies, showing potential in treating metabolic disorders and reducing inflammation. However, interactions of C...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of a probiotic formula on the production of neuroactive compounds in different parts of the colon in batch culture and in vitro gut simulator experiments. Thirteen lactic acid bacterial strains, belonging to the species Levilactobacillus brevis, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Ligilactobacillus salivarius, Streptococcus thermophilus, were characterised for their in vitro ability to produce neurotransmitters. L. brevis P30021 and L...

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to evaluate the long-term oncological and obstetric outcomes following the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and investigate the risk factors for recurrence and preterm birth. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent LEEP for CIN 2-3 between 2011 and 2019. Demographic information, histopathological findings, postoperative cytology, and human papillomavirus (HPV) status were collected and analyzed...

Sepsis caused by bloodstream infection (BSI) is a major healthcare burden and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Timely diagnosis is critical to optimize clinical outcome, as mortality rates rise every hour treatment is delayed. Blood culture remains the "gold standard" for diagnosis but is limited by its long turnaround time (1-7 days depending on the organism) and its potential to provide false-negative results due to interference by antimicrobial therapy or the presence of mixed (i.e., polymicrobial) infections...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of performing procedural interventions, defined as surgical resection, tumor ablation, or targeted radiation therapy, for oligoprogressive disease among patients with gynecologic malignancies who are treated with immune checkpoint blockade. METHODS: Patients with gynecologic cancers treated with immune checkpoint blockade between January 2013 and October 2021 who underwent procedural interventions including surgical resection, interventional radiology ablation, or radiation therapy for oligoprogressive disease were identified...

After having traveled to California in 2017, a 26-year old Dutch man presented in 2020 with persisting cough and shortness of breath. Radiology showed cystic bronchiectasis with peri-bronchial consolidation in his right upper lobe. Laboratory studies in August 2021 showed an increased total IgE, specific Aspergillus IgE, eosinophilia and positive BAL culture for Coccidioides immitis/posadasii . After 6 weeks of itraconazole treatment for suspected allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, symptoms persisted and respiratory cultures remained positive...

BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is associated with increased mortality, prolonged hospitalisation, excessive antibiotic use and, consequently, increased antimicrobial resistance. In this phase 4, randomised trial, we aimed to establish whether a pragmatic, individualised, short-course antibiotic treatment strategy for VAP was non-inferior to usual care. METHODS: We did an individually randomised, open-label, hierarchical non-inferiority-superiority trial in 39 intensive care units in six hospitals in Nepal, Singapore, and Thailand...

INTRODUCTION: High dose rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) is an integral element in the treatment of carcinoma uterine cervix. The main objective of brachytherapy in carcinoma cervix is to deliver a lethal dose to tumor cells without inducing unacceptable damage to the surrounding normal tissue. Because the absorbed dose falls off rapidly, higher doses can be safely delivered to the targeted tissue over a short time. The quest for optimum dose and fractionation schedule in HDR ICBT is still ongoing, and there is no uniform consensus...

Clostridioides difficile is the most common anaerobic bacterium that causes healthcare-associated infections, and prompt diagnosis and infection control are important because it causes C. difficile infection (CDI). In this evaluation, the C. difficile nucleic acid detection reagent, Smart Gene CD Toxin B (Mizuho Medy Co., Ltd., hereinafter referred to as the "evaluation reagent") was evaluated for its clinical performance in comparison with real-time PCR and toxigenic culture (TC). Measurement of evaluation reagents and real-time PCR were performed on 157 residual stool specimens from suspected CDI patients...

AIM: The study aimed to identify predictive risk factor to identify high-stage histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) in pregnancies with cervical incompetence (CIC). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by including 116 pregnant women with cervical incompetence that required prophylactical and therapeutical cerclage. The histopathology examination on placenta was conducted with informed patient consent. All the cases included in this study were divided based on the severity degree of HCA...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of cerclage in twin pregnancies with a short cervix. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study performed in two University Institutions in Valencia (Spain) with two different protocols for the management of asymptomatic dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies with mid-trimester cervical length ≤ 25 mm: treatment with indomethacin, antibiotics and cerclage (cerclage group) (N = 43) versus expectant management (control group) (N = 37)...