Double Chambered Left Ventricle

BACKGROUND: A-V-sequential pacing has been shown to induce reversible conduction delay and subsequent asymmetric remodelling of the left ventricle (LV) in dogs and pigs. Both species have disadvantages in animal experiments. Therefore aim of this study focusses at developing a more feasible and easy-to-use animal model in sheep. METHODS: Dual-chamber pacing (DDD) pacemakers (right atrium + right ventricular free wall) were surgically implanted in 13 sheep. All animals underwent 8 weeks of chronic rapid pacing at 180 bpm...

A 20-year-old previously well man drowned after performing a back-flip off a bridge into a river. At autopsy no significant injuries or organic illness were identified. An unusual incidental finding was a double chambered left ventricle, or so-called "heart within a heart", with the left ventricle subdivided into two separate chambers by a muscular septum. Awareness of this entity in forensic casework is important as this anomaly, despite its dramatic appearance, is not associated with anomalous conduction tracts or arrhythmogenic conditions, and so is usually a completely incidental finding at autopsy...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

KEY POINTS: Cardiac hypertrophy following endurance-training is thought to be due to hypertrophy of existing cardiomyocytes. The benefits of endurance exercise on cardiac hypertrophy are generally thought to be short-lived and regress to sedentary levels within a few weeks of stopping endurance training. We have now established that cardiomyocyte hyperplasia also plays a considerable role in cardiac growth in response to just 4 weeks of endurance exercise in juvenile (5-9 weeks of age) rats...

We describe a case of a 69-year-old female referred for the evaluation of exertional dyspnea, with a small membranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) and right ventricle (RV) outflow tract obstruction. Using transthoracic echo was diagnosed VSD with left to right shunting and transesophageal echo (TEE) was used to a better anatomical characterization. TEE showed a perimembranous subaortic VSD that developed a high-velocity flow in RV. Pulmonary valve appears normal and right ventricular infundibular hypertrophy or double-chambered RV was excluded from the study...

We present a rare case of a double-chambered right ventricle masquerading as a double-chambered left ventricle, which was found incidentally on cardiac imaging in an adult female patient with atypical chest pain. The most common form of double-chambered right ventricle is characterized by compartmentalization of the right ventricle by muscular bands into 2 distinct chambers. The main features of this malformation are a pressure gradient between the 2 compartments, and the frequent (up to 90%) association with a membranous ventricular septal defect...

The crocodilian cardiovascular design with a four-chambered heart and a left aorta that emerge from the right ventricle allows blood to be shunted away from the lungs, a right-to-left (R-L) shunt. The adaptive significance of this R-L shunt remains both poorly understood and controversial with particular debate on its putative role during digestion. Here we measure blood flow patterns in the right aorta (RAo), left aorta (LAo) and the coeliac artery (CoA) of undisturbed American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) during fasting and throughout most of the digestive period...

BACKGROUND: Anatomic correction of corrected transposition of the great arteries with associated lesions, utilizing the morphologic left ventricle as a systemic pumping chamber, is the preferred method in many centers. The purpose of this study was to analyze functional outcome after anatomic correction. METHODS: Between Jan 1997 and May 2016, 63 patients with corrected transposition of the great arteries and associated lesions underwent anatomic correction. Forty-two patients (67%) underwent palliation before correction, including 14 patients (22%) who required training of systemic ventricle...

BACKGROUND: Development of a high-fidelity cardiac surgery simulator (CSS) requires integration of a heart model with a mock cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit that can provide feedback to mimic the pathophysiology of cardiac surgery. However, the cost of commercially available simulators precludes regular use. We describe steps in the construction of a high-fidelity CSS that integrates a pulsatile paracorporeal ventricular-assist device (Pulse-VAD) and a commercially available CPB simulator...

A 27 years old female was admitted to our hospital with complaints of swelling of feet and abdomen, pain abdomen and exertional dyspnea from last 1 week. On examination she was found to have congestive heart failure. Chest x-ray revealed mild cardiomegaly with left pleural effusion and electrocardiography showed right axis deviation with right ventricular hypertrophy. By echocardiography she was diagnosed to have double chambered right ventricle without any other congenital heart anomaly. She was started on medical treatment following which she recovered well and she was advised for surgery...

Double-chambered left ventricle is a rare cardiac anomaly. We report a case of double-chambered left ventricle in a one-and-half-year-old asymptomatic boy. We depict the use of three-dimensional echocardiography in the demonstration and diagnosis of the condition.

OBJECTIVES: In 2 subtypes of functional single ventricle, double inlet left ventricle (DILV) and tricuspid atresia with transposed great arteries (TA-TGA), systemic output passes through an outflow chamber before entering the aorta. Intracardiac obstruction to this pathway causing systemic outflow tract obstruction (SOTO) may be present at birth or develop over time. Long-term survival after Fontan has not been defined. We defined outcomes utilizing records from 2 centres that were cross-checked with data from a bi-national Fontan Registry for completeness and accuracy...

Double-chambered left ventricle (DCLV) is a particularly rare congenital entity characterized by the presence of two ventricular cavities separated by an abnormal muscle band. An asymptomatic 15-year-old boy was referred to our hospital because of electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. His initial transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) demonstrated a DCLV with mild left ventricular systolic dysfunction. During a 5-year follow-up period, he remained symptom free with no changes in ECG and conventional TTE findings...

Isolated left subclavian artery is one of the rarer aortic arch anomalies. It has been associated with other congenital heart diseases, typically tetralogy of Fallot, double-outlet right ventricle, and atrial and ventricular septal defects. Its significant clinical implications include a left-to-right shunt from the vertebrobasilar system, which causes pulmonary overcirculation and subclavian steal. We present an unusual case of a premature infant who was diagnosed prenatally with congenital complete atrioventricular block and tricuspid atresia and was found to have an isolated left subclavian artery postnatally...

Caring for the critically ill patient with acute right ventricle (RV) failure is a diagnostic and management challenge. A thorough understanding of normal RV anatomy and physiology is essential to manage RV failure. Despite the fact that the RV is essentially a volume chamber that ejects into a low-pressure system, the left ventricle contributes significantly to RV function through maintenance of the transseptal gradient (TSG). Preserving systemic mean arterial pressure maintains the TSG and RV perfusion. Various pathological states cause acute RV failure by decreasing the TSG and RV perfusion and/or increasing pulmonary vascular resistance...

The paper presents the management of a child born with pulmonary valve atresia, a single (double-inlet) ventricle, right ventricular hypoplasia, and perimembranous septal defect. The first stage of treatment consisted in a Blalock-Taussig shunt. Control angiography performed 1 year after surgery confirmed that the anastomosis was correct, and there was no narrowing at the connection. The first stage of treatment was complicated by the occlusion of the left pulmonary artery, as diagnosed during cardiac catheterization before the planned bidirectional Glenn anastomosis...

Cardiac neural crest cell (CNCC) ablation creates congenital heart defects (CHDs) that resemble those observed in many syndromes with craniofacial and cardiac consequences. The loss of CNCCs causes a variety of great vessel defects, including persistent truncus arteriosus and double-outlet right ventricle. However, because of the lack of quantitative volumetric measurements, less severe defects, such as great vessel size changes and valve defects, have not been assessed. Also poorly understood is the role of abnormal cardiac function in the progression of CNCC-related CHDs...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Double-chambered left ventricle (DCLV) is a rare congenital abnormality in which the left ventricle is divided into two separate chambers by a septum or anomalous muscular structure. The chambers are observed mostly parallel to each other without stenosis, and less frequently in a superior-inferior arrangement. An asymptomatic girl is presented here who was diagnosed with DCLV on echocardiographic examination that was performed for the evaluation of cardiac murmur detected by a pediatrician. She has been followed up without treatment...

A 61-year-old man presented with lower leg edema, left-sided parasternal systolic heart murmur, and electrocardiographic abnormalities. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed myocardial hypertrophy and severe obstruction of the outflow tract of the right ventricle (RV) with a gradient of 134 mmHg. Cardiac catheterization confirmed the presence of double chambered right ventricle, with a pressure gradient of 84 mmHg between RV inlet and outlet. Chest computed tomography showed his aortic root enlarged to 55 mm...