Neuropathy ventilation

The recent developments in intensive care have resulted in improved survival rates of patients treated with acute organ deficiency. As a consequence, the rate of those who survive the acute phase and subsequently require protracted organ support due to persisting organ dysfunction has been growing. Several survivors display chronic health status deterioration leading to prolonged rehabilitation or nursing, and repeated hospitalizations. The condition developed following the survival of the acute phase and requiring long-lasting intensive care is frequently termed as chronic critical illness (CCI)...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to review the demographic and clinical characteristics of all pediatric patients diagnosed with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) by a pediatric health care system from 2005 to 2020 and examine whether or not our diagnostic capabilities in an ANSD population have evolved as our institutional experience has grown and knowledge in the field has expanded. DESIGN: This was a retrospective study reviewing the demographic data, medical history, imaging studies, audiological and speech-language data, type of audiological intervention and mode of communication in 260 pediatric patients diagnosed with ANSD over a 15-year period...

BACKGROUND: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy with a highly variable clinical course and outcome. There remain diagnostic and treatment challenges in resource limited settings. This study aimed to describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic and management challenges, and hospital outcome of children with GBS in southern Ethiopia. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of children aged ≤14 years who were admitted with a diagnosis of GBS to Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from 2017 to 2021 was done...

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 emerged as a novel pandemic with serious illness. Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy, a Guillain-Barré syndrome variant also results in ventilator support, and bed-ridden state. Presence of COVID-19 along with GBS will cause serious complications if left untreated. OBJECTIVE: To report the effect of physiotherapy in acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy along with COVID-19 in Intensive care unit. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 35-year-old-male with AMSAN, alcoholic hepatitis, and hyponatremia, came with paraparesis, ventilated due to poor oxygen saturation, diagnosed to have COVID-19, reduced muscle power in right wrist extensors, hand grip and diaphragm...

Among the neurological manifestations associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), neuropathies are rare. They have been associated with prolonged prostration and metabolic failure in a seriously ill patient. We present a case series of four Mexican patients diagnosed with diaphragmatic dysfunction due to phrenic neuropathy during acute COVID-19, documented by conduction velocities of the phrenic nerves. Blood tests, chest computed tomography (CT), and nerve conduction velocities of the phrenic nerves were performed...

Neuromuscular diseases (NMD) may affect skeletal muscles, peripheral nerves, or motor endplates. Clinical symptoms comprise muscle weakness, which is often progressive, but also sensory disturbances, and primary or secondary pain. Sleep disturbances in NMD may result from insomnia due to immobility, pain, or sleep-related leg muscle cramps, but also restless legs syndrome and sleep-disordered breathing. Many NMD predispose to obstructive sleep apnea or progressive respiratory muscle weakness, which first manifests as sleep-related hypoventilation and eventually leads to chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure...

Rodent behavior is affected by different environmental conditions. These do not only comprise experimental and housing conditions but also familiarization with the experimenter. However, specific effects on pain-related behavior and chronic pain conditions have not been examined. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of different housing conditions, using individually ventilated and standard open top cages, inverted day-night cycles, and experimenter familiarization on male mice following peripheral neuropathy using the spared nerve injury (SNI) model...

INTRODUCTION: Although Legionella is not the most common pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia, the epidemiological distribution of pneumonia pathogens has changed in recent years, with a gradual increase in some rare pathogens. For example, pneumonia that occurs after water source contamination is mostly caused by Legionella infection. This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient after Legionella infection, who had misdiagnosis at the beginning, rapidly progressed to severe disease and combined with fungal infection...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the sequelae one month after hospital discharge in patients who required admission to Intensive Care for severe COVID 19 pneumonia and to analyze the differences between those who received therapy exclusively with high-flow oxygen therapy compared to those who required invasive mechanical ventilation. DESIGN: Cohort, prospective and observational study. SETTING: Post-intensive care multidisciplinary program. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Patients who survived admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) for severe COVID 19 pneumonia from April 2020 to October 2021...

BACKGROUND: Sensory nerve conduction parameters in Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) are underemphasized. OBJECTIVE: To describe abnormalities on sensory conduction studies in a large cohort of prospectively evaluated patients of GBS and to correlate with clinico-electrophysiological features. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sensory conduction parameters of three nerves (median, ulnar, and sural) were analyzed using standard protocols in 238 patients (M: F 163:75, mean age: 35...

OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview of the main evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis of hearing loss in children and adolescents aged 0-18 years. METHODS: Task force members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database search, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Articles written in English or Portuguese on childhood hearing loss were eligible for inclusion. The American College of Physicians' guideline grading system and the American Thyroid Association's guideline criteria were used for critical appraisal of evidence and recommendations for therapeutic interventions...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to examine presentation, injury patterns, and clinical course, for COVID-19-related peripheral nerve injury following mechanical ventilation. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study of patients with COVID-19 complicated by ARDS that required mechanical ventilation was undertaken. Patient records were reviewed for ICU and intubation characteristics, prone or lateral decubitus positioning, and the onset of neuropathy diagnosis...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the sequelae one month after hospital discharge in patients who required admission to intensive care for severe COVID-19 pneumonia and to analyze the differences between those who received therapy exclusively with high-flow oxygen therapy compared to those who required invasive mechanical ventilation. DESIGN: Cohort, prospective and observational study. SETTING: Post-intensive care multidisciplinary program. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Patients who survived admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) for severe COVID-19 pneumonia from April 2020 to October 2021...

Erythropoietic protoporphyria is a rare inherited metabolic disorder involving the heme biosynthesis pathway and leads to the accumulation of protoporphyrin in the erythrocytes or liver. Although peripheral neuropathy is known to develop occasionally in other types of porphyria, it rarely occurs in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria. A 16-year-old boy was transferred to our hospital due to end-stage liver disease secondary to erythropoietic protoporphyria. Severe systemic peripheral neuropathy, similar to that presented in Guillain-Barré syndrome, developed; it was promptly managed with mechanical ventilation...

Neurological complications following SARS-CoV-2 infections are increasingly recognized. Despite that, sequelae from SARS-CoV-2 infection in gravid women are uncommonly reported. We present a case of acute motor axonal neuropathy, a variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome, in a 26-year-old primigravida at 34 weeks' gestation. She presented with worsening diplopia, dysphagia, and lower extremity sensory and motor deficits after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 2 weeks earlier. Due to rapidly progressive symptoms, she required endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation...

We initially described two children who developed Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) complicated by rhabdomyolysis (RML), and reviewed five adult patients from the literature. Through analysis of the clinical features, laboratory examination, treatment and prognostic data from these seven patients, we found that when GBS "meets" RML, the most prominent characteristics were the following: male dominance; limb weakness, pain and respiratory failure could be caused by multiple factors; limb weakness and respiratory muscle paralysis were more serious than with GBS alone; and the probability of mechanical ventilation was increased...

Transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) is a rare autosomal dominant disease that provokes systemic deposition of amyloid. It affects the nervous system and it is characterized by progressive sensory, motor, and autonomic neuropathy. Patients with FAP often require surgery and anesthetic care for hepatic transplantation and cardioverter-defibrillator/pacemaker implantation. Peripheric neuropathy is a common finding, but there are no reported cases of its interference with anesthetic neuromuscular transmission monitoring...

A 42-year-old man developed bilateral Tapia's syndrome (recurrent laryngeal and hypoglossal nerves paralysis) following prolonged ventilation for COVID-19 pneumonia. Examination showed global tongue atrophy and bilateral asymmetric vocal cord palsy. He improved rapidly without specific treatment, suggesting that neuropraxia was the likely mechanism of injury. Tapia's syndrome has been reported disproportionately more often in association with COVID-19, possibly from injury to hypoglossal and vagal nerves during ventilation in the prone position...

Neuralgic amyotrophy is an idiopathic neuropathy characterized by acute-onset pain, typically in the upper extremity or shoulder, followed by weakness of the associated muscles. Phrenic nerve involvement is rare. We report a 63-year-old man who presented with dyspnea and right shoulder pain after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. His chest radiograph showed an elevated right hemidiaphragm that was absent before vaccination. A pulmonary function test showed a restrictive pattern with a significant reduction (40%) in forced vital capacity in the supine position...

BACKGROUND: A proportion of patients with COVID-19 need hospitalization due to severe respiratory symptoms. We sought to analyze characteristics of survivors of severe COVID-19 subsequently admitted to in-patient pulmonary rehabilitation and identify their rehabilitation needs. METHODS: From the COVID-19 Registry of Fondazione Don Gnocchi, we extracted 203 subjects admitted for in-patient pulmonary rehabilitation after severe COVID-19 from April 2020-September 2021...