non invasive

BACKGROUND: Circulating miRNAs are stable in body fluids and resembles their levels in cancer tissue/cells. They have been expressed in many cancers among them is breast cancer. Authors aimed to investigate the expression level of three circulating oncomiRNAs (miRNA-21, miRNA-222 and miRNA-373) in serum samples as a minimally non-invasive method for early detection of breast cancer, and study their relation with clinicopathological characters. METHODS: MiRNAs expression levels were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in serum samples from three groups: primary breast cancer patients (n = 137), benign breast lesion patients (n = 60), and healthy individuals as control group (n = 38)...

Clinical research aimed at preventing cardiovascular disease has focused on the effect of interventions to reduce risk factors on the incidence of future morbid events. Disease progression, which likely serves as a necessary prerequisite for morbid events, has not served as a target for therapy. The Rasmussen Center at the University of Minnesota has, for the past 18 years, been performing a non-invasive cardiovascular evaluation in individuals with no history of cardiovascular disease. The studies, performed in one hour in one room, provide a comprehensive non-invasive assessment of the severity of functional and structural abnormalities in the small arteries, the large arteries and the left ventricle, the target organs for most cardiovascular morbid events...

AIMS: Resident and peripherally-derived glioma associated microglia/macrophages (GAMM) play a key role in driving tumour progression, angiogenesis, invasion, and attenuating host immune responses. Differentiating these cells' origins is challenging and current pre-clinical models such as irradiation-based adoptive transfer, parabiosis and transgenic mice have limitations. We aimed to develop a novel non-myeloablative transplantation (NMT) mouse model that permits high levels of peripheral chimerism without blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage or brain infiltration prior to tumour implantation...

Introduction We evaluated post non-invasive ventilation survival and factors for the transition to tracheostomy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods We analyzed 197 patients using a prospectively-collected database, with 114 patients since 2000. Results Of 114 patients, 59 patients underwent non-invasive ventilation (NIV), which prolonged the total median survival time to 43 months compared with 32 months without treatment. The best post-NIV survival was associated with a lack of bulbar symptoms, higher measured pulmonary function, and a slower rate of progression at diagnosis...

INTRODUCTION: The Muscle Ultrasound examination (MUS) is a non-invasive and inexpensive technique for evaluating neuromyopathies. Standardized MUS normative data are incomplete in paediatric subjects. METHODS: We performed a MUS study with 120 healthy children (59 males; mean age 10.44; age range 2-16 years). We measured the width and the echogenicity bilaterally in the following muscles: biceps brachii and brachialis, brachioradialis, forearm-flexors, rectus femori sand vastus intermedius, tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, lateral and medial gastrocnemius ...

PURPOSE: Tumor delineation within an atelectasis in lung cancer patients is not always accurate. When T staging is done by integrated 2-deoxy-2-[18 F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18 F]FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/X-ray computer tomography (CT), tumors of neuroendocrine differentiation and slowly growing tumors can present with reduced FDG uptake, thus aggravating an exact T staging. In order to further exhaust information derived from [18 F]FDG-PET/CT, we evaluated the impact of CT density and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) for the classification of different tumor subtypes within a surrounding atelectasis, as well as possible cutoff values for the differentiation between the primary tumor and atelectatic lung tissue...

Diverticulosis is a structural alteration of the colon tissue characterized by the development of pouch-like structures called diverticula. It afflicts a significant portion of the population in Western countries, with a higher prevalence among the elderly. Diverticulosis is believed to be the result of a synergetic interaction between inherent tissue weakness, diet, colonic microstructure, motility, and genetic factors. A validated etiology has, however, not yet been established. Non-surgical treatment is currently lacking due to this poor understanding, and surgical colon resection is the only long-term solution following recurrent complications...

PURPOSE: Tensiomyography™ (TMG) and MyotonPRO® (MMT) are two non-invasive devices for monitoring muscle contractile and mechanical characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the test-retest reliability of TMG and MMT parameters for measuring (TMG:) muscle displacement (Dm ), contraction time (Tc ), and velocity (Vc ) and (MMT:) frequency (F), stiffness (S), and decrement (D) of the erector spinae muscles (ES) in healthy adults. A particular focus was set on the establishment of reliability measures for the previously barely evaluated secondary TMG parameter Vc ...

Lung cancer is the notable cause of cancer associated deaths worldwide. Recent studies revealed that the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is extremely high in lung tumors compared with non-malignant lung tissue. MMPs (-2 and -9) play an important part in tumor development and angiogenesis, which suggests that creating potent MMP-2 and -9 inhibitors, should be an important goal in lung cancer therapy. In the present study, an effort has been made to develop new anti-metastatic and anti-invasive agents, wherein a series of novel diazepine substituted cinnamic acid derivatives were designed, synthesized and assayed for their inhibitory activities on MMP-2 and MMP-9...

Skin auto-fluorescence (SAF) has generated broad interest about the prospects for non-invasive advanced glycation end product assessment and its direct interplay with the development of microvascular complications, but clinical application of the existing SAF measuring of non-palmoplantar sites in non-Caucasian subjects with dark skin type is still controversial. Here, we tested the diabetic complication screening performance of a novel SAF measuring system in Asian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects...

Recurrent chromosomal aberrations have led to the discovery of oncogenes or tumour suppressors involved in carcinogenesis. Here we characterized an oncogenic long intergenic non-coding RNA in the frequent DNA-gain regions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), LINC01138 (long intergenic non-coding RNA located on 1q21.2). The LINC01138 locus is frequently amplified in HCC; the LINC01138 transcript is stabilized by insulin like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding proteins 1/3 (IGF2BP1/IGF2BP3) and is associated with the malignant features and poor outcomes of HCC patients...

OBJECTIVES: Technology-enabled non-invasive diagnostic screening (TES) using smartphones and other point-of-care medical devices was evaluated in conjunction with conventional routine health screenings for the primary care screening of patients. DESIGN: Dental conditions, cardiac ECG arrhythmias, tympanic membrane disorders, blood oxygenation levels, optic nerve disorders and neurological fitness were evaluated using FDA-approved advanced smartphone powered technologies...

Long non-coding RNA ZFAS1 has been suggested to function as an oncogenic role in the tumorigenesis of human malignant tumors. However, the expression status and biological function of ZFAS1 in bladder cancer is still unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the clinical value of ZFAS1 in bladder cancer patient, and the biological function of ZFAS1 in bladder cancer cell. In the present study, we found ZFAS1 expression was increased in bladder cancer tissues compared with paired adjacent normal tissues through analyzing the Cancer Genome Atlas database...

BEAS-2B is a non-malignant, immortalized human cell line that has been used extensively as a model of lung epithelium. Despite ATCC recommendations to culture BEAS-2B in defined, serum-free media, many publications describe culturing BEAS-2B in fetal bovine serum (FBS)-containing media. The objective of this study was to define the effects of FBS on BEAS-2B cells. FBS exposure resulted in increased nuclear levels of transcription factors responsible for regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased cell invasiveness and increased anchorage-independent growth...

Malignant brain tumors still represent an unmet medical need given their rapid progression and often fatal outcome within months of diagnosis. Given their extremely heterogeneous nature, the assumption that a single therapy could be beneficial for all patients is no longer plausible. Hence, early feedback on drug accumulation at the tumor site and on tumor response to treatment would help tailor therapies to each patient's individual needs for personalized medicine. In this context, at the intersection between imaging and therapy, theranostic nanomedicine is a promising new technique for individualized management of malignant brain tumors...

OBJECTIVE: Surgery is an important part of the treatment modalities offered to older patients with cancer. Natural ageing processes lead to deterioration of organ function, making older patients more vulnerable and at risk for experiencing less-favourable outcomes and complications after surgery. Non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as music, may be preferable to medical interventions in older people, who are at risk for adverse effects and drug interactions due to altered physiology and drug metabolism...

BACKGROUND: Prior studies have shown that octogenarians have a higher risk of mortality compared to non-octogenarians undergoing open (OAR) and endovascular (EVAR) abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Fenestrated-endovascular repair (F-EVAR) was approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012 and has been populated as a less invasive approach to treat patients with suboptimal neck anatomy with favorable outcomes compared to traditional OAR. The aim of the study is to compare 30-day outcomes of F-EVAR vs...

Non-thermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a biophysical phenomenon in which certain electric fields delivered across the cell membrane in tissue, cause cell death, without affecting the extracellular matrix. "Minimally invasive regenerative surgery" is a new medical modality for treatment of end-stage organ or tissue failure in which exogenous cells are implanted in a decellularized niche in tissue, formed by the delivery of NTIRE electric fields across a targeted volume of tissue. We anticipate that the success of the procedure will depend on the time of implantation relative to the application of NTIRE...

OBJECTIVES: To non-invasively assess tissue lesion secondary to ischaemia applied during knee replacement surgery. Secondary objectives: to assess whether this lesion correlates with the duration of ischaemia and whether instrumental and gender variables influence it. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective cohort study. Pre and postoperative serum lactate levels have been determined as an indicator of glycolytic activity secondary to ischaemia in 88 patients. Serum lactate determination was performed by reactive strips of enzymatic-amperometric detection on capillary blood...

The shoulder's range of motion (ROM) is an important measurement for the diagnostic process and course of treatment for patients with shoulder disorders or injuries. Visual estimation to assess a shoulder's ROM is a fast measuring method, and therefore routinely used in clinical practice. Studies already proved this method as very subjective and unreliable. Misestimating the severity of a patient's disability can lead to improper treatment and should be avoided. Modern technology may help measuring the ROM more reliable, objective, non-invasive and still fast...