Post metastasis prostate cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in developed countries. While its incidence in early stages has increased due to screening programs, a significant number of patients experience the development of metastases either at the time of diagnosis or during follow-ups. Unlike certain other types of cancer, such as breast, prostate, or lung cancer, where bone tissue is a common site for secondary dissemination, CRC primarily spreads to the lymph nodes, liver and lungs...

AIM: To validate the role of lymph node density as a prognostic marker in patients undergoing primary surgery and postneoadjuvant therapy in pathological node-positive urothelial bladder carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 503 patients who underwent radical cystectomy from 2006 to 2019 for muscle-invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma, of which 152 patients with pathological node-positive disease were analyzed. Demographic details, pathological findings, treatment details, disease-free, and overall survival were documented...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men with around 1.4 million new cases every year. In patients with localized disease, management options include active surveillance (AS), radical prostatectomy (RP; with or without pelvic lymph node dissection), or radiotherapy to the prostate (with or without pelvic irradiation) with or without hormonotherapy. In advanced disease, treatment options include systemic treatment(s) and/or treatment to primary tumour and/or metastasis-directed therapies (MDTs)...

PURPOSE: Pathologic T3b (pT3b) prostate cancer, characterized by seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), exhibits variable oncological outcomes post-radical prostatectomy (RP). Identifying prognostic factors is crucial for patient-specific management. This study investigates the impact of bilateral SVI on prognosis in pT3b prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the medical records of a multi-institutional cohort of men who underwent RP for prostate cancer with SVI between 2000 and 2012...

There is increasing evidence, mostly from breast cancer, that use of local anaesthetics during surgery can inhibit disease recurrence by suppressing the motility of the cancer cells dependent on inherent voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). Here, the possibility that lidocaine could affect cellular behaviours associated with metastasis was tested using the Dunning cell model of rat prostate cancer. Mostly, the strongly metastatic (VGSC-expressing) Mat-LyLu cells were used under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions...

PURPOSE: A suboptimal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response to neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) among men who go on to receive definitive radiation therapy for prostate cancer might suggest the existence of castration-resistant disease or altered androgen receptor signaling. This in turn may portend worse long-term clinical outcomes, especially in men with high-risk disease. We set out to evaluate the prognostic impact of poor PSA response to neoadjuvant ADT in men with high-risk prostate cancer...

RNA modification is a post-transcriptional level of regulation that is widely distributed in all types of RNAs, including mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA, where N6-methyladenine (m6 A) is the most abundant mRNA methylation modification. Significant evidence has depicted that m6 A modifications are closely related to human diseases, especially cancer, and play pivotal roles in RNA transcription, splicing, stabilization, and translation processes. The most common urological cancers include prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancers, accounting for a certain proportion of human cancers, with an ever-increasing incidence and mortality...

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) presents a wide spectrum. Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and Ki-67 index are new biomarkers that can predict prognosis in different types of cancer. We explored the predictive value of their combination on the prognosis of PCa patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). METHODS: In this retrospective study, 290 patients who underwent LRP at Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital between January 2016 and February 2021 were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: The impact of evolving treatment strategies for metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) on real-world survival is not well understood. We analyzed changes in mPCa survival over the past decade and discussed the potential driving factors behind these changes. METHODS: Our study involved 43,228 mPCa patients (2004-2020) from the SEER database, divided into 4 diagnostic periods. We used a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate diagnostic periods' influence on overall mortality (OM) and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PSM), and calculated relative median survival improvements between adjacent periods...

Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is the most common and devastating symptom of bone metastatic cancer that substantially disrupts patients' quality of life. Currently, there are few effective analgesic treatments for CIBP other than opioids which come with severe side effects. In order to better understand the factors and mechanisms responsible for CIBP it is essential to have clinically relevant animal models that mirror pain-related symptoms and disease progression observed in patients with bone metastatic cancer...

BACKGROUND: Prior work from the Intermediate Clinical Endpoints in Cancer of the Prostate (ICECaP) consortium (ICECaP-1) demonstrated that metastasis-free survival (MFS) is a valid surrogate for overall survival (OS) in localized prostate cancer (PCa). This was based on data from patients treated predominantly before 2004, prior to docetaxel being available for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We sought to validate surrogacy in a more contemporary era (ICECaP-2) with greater availability of docetaxel and other systemic therapies for mCRPC...

BACKGROUND: Apalutamide plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) improved outcomes in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) and non-metastatic castration-resistant PC (nmCRPC) in the Phase 3 randomised TITAN and SPARTAN studies, respectively, and maintained health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Apalutamide treatment effect by patient age requires assessment. METHODS: Post-hoc analysis assessed patients receiving 240 mg/day apalutamide (525 TITAN and 806 SPARTAN) or placebo (527 TITAN and 401 SPARTAN) with ongoing ADT, stratified by age groups...

PURPOSE: Patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) might develop metastasis after surgery with curative intent. We aimed to characterize the expression levels of microRNAs in the urine (UmiRNAs) of patients before and after nephrectomy to determine the impact of UmiRNAs expression in the emergence of metastases. METHODS: We prospectively collected pre- and post-nephrectomy urine samples from 117 patients with clinically localized and locally advanced ccRCC...

Ca2＋ -activated K＋ channels play a critical role in the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, adhesion, and metastasis of various types of cancer cells by controlling Ca2＋ signaling and cell volumes. Their amplification correlated with a high tumor stage and poor prognosis and has the potential as tumor grade-associated markers. The amplification of the large-conductance Ca2＋ -activated K＋ channel, KCa 1.1 is observed in many types of cancers such as breast, colon, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic cancers and gliomas...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the oncological and functional outcomes of focal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in treating localised prostate cancer (PCa), a 3-year prospective study was undertaken using periodic post-ablation saturation biopsies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Men with two or fewer lesions of grade group (GG) ≤3 PCa were eligible for participation. Additional criteria included a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of ≤15 ng/mL, clinical T1c-T2, and a life expectancy of ≥10 years...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor in men, when the disease progresses to the advanced stage, most patients will develop distant metastasis and develop into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), resulting in increased mortality. Ubiquitination is a widespread protein post-translational modification process in the biological world, and it plays an important role in the development and transfer of PCa. E3 ubiquitin ligase plays an important role in the specific selection and role of substrates in the process of ubiquitination ligase...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety of transurethral plasma resection of the prostate (TuPkRP) in the treatment of advanced PCa (APC)-related acute urinary retention (AUR) with that in the treatment of BPH-related AUR and investigate the oncologic characteristics of the PCa patient after TuPkRP. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we first compared the baseline data between the patients with APC-related AUR (group A, n = 32) and those with BPH-related AUR (group B, n = 45) as well as their surgical parameters, such as the operation time, pre- and post-operative hemoglobin levels, IPSS at 3 months after TuPkRP and length of postoperative hospital stay...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common male malignancies as well as one of the frequent causes of tumor-induced death. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts that are more than 200 nucleotides in length, lack an open reading frame, and do not encode proteins. LncRNAs are abnormally expressed in most tumors including PCa and closely related to the recurrence, metastasis and prognosis of PCa. LncRNAs regulate gene expressions at multiple levels such as epigenetics, transcription and post-transcription, change metabolic pathways, and play a carcinogenic or anti-tumor role in the development and progression of PCa...

Biochemical recurrence following prostate cancer treatment is well-known, with predictable sites typically observed in the prostate bed, lymph nodes, or skeleton. The emergence of PSMA-PET scans has revealed the potential for early recurrence in non-conventional sites, including port site metastases. Our report presents a rare case of abdominal wall metastasis detected 97 months post-prostatectomy. The excision of this subcutaneous lesion using image-guided hookwire techniques showed promise in minimising morbidity while providing successful oncologic outcomes...

The main guidelines and recommendations for the implementation of the BRCA1/2 somatic test do not focus on the clinical application of predictive testing on bone metastases, a frequent condition in metastatic prostate cancer, by analyzing the critical issues encountered by laboratory practice. Our goal is to produce a document (protocol) deriving from a multidisciplinary team approach to obtain high quality nucleic acids from biopsy of bone metastases. This document aims to compose an operational check-list of three phases: the pre-analytical phase concerns tumor cellularity, tissue processing, sample preservation (blood/FFPE), fixation and staining, but above all the decalcification process, the most critical phase because of its key role in allowing the extraction of somatic DNA with a good yield and high quality...