Chronic bronchitis

BACKGROUND: Cameroon is a tuberculosis (TB) burden country with a 12% positivity among TB presumptive cases. Of the presumptive cases with a negative TB test, some are infected with Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM). However, the diagnosis of NTM infections remains difficult due to the lack of tools in many laboratories, particularly in resource limited laboratories and remote setting. The present study was undertaken to determine NTM profile and associated comorbidities among TB presumptive people...

Physochlaina is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Solanaceae and consists of 10 species distributed in various Asian countries. The species of the genus have been traditionally used to cure a variety of illnesses due to their highly valuable medicinal properties, including cancer, asthma, cough, weakness, stomachache, diarrhea, swelling, spasms, toothache, boils, ulcers, rheumatic pain, chronic bronchitis, gastric problems, abdominal pain, palpitation, and insomnia. The species have gained significant attention due to their remarkable ethnopharmacological and ethnomedicinal significance...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Longdan zhike tablet (LDZK) is a Tibetan medicine formula commonly used in the highland region of Tibet, China, to ameliorate respiratory diseases, such as acute bronchitis and asthma. In Chinese traditional medicine, some herbal formulas with anti-inflammatory properties targeting the respiratory system are clinically adopted as supplementary therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the specific anti-COPD effects of LDZK remain to be evaluated...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Many studies reported the prevalence of extrahepatic conditions (EHC) of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), but the great heterogeneity existed across different studies. Therefore, we conducted the systematic review and meta-analyses to determine EHC prevalence and association with PBC. METHODS: We searched PUBMED and included observational, cross-sectional and case-controlled studies. A random or fixed effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and odd ratio (OR) as appropriate...

Objective: To investigate the prospective association of sleep duration with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults in Suzhou. Methods: The study used the data of 53 269 participants aged 30-79 years recruited in the baseline survey from 2004 to 2008 and the follow-up until December 31, 2017 of China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) conducted in Wuzhong District, Suzhou. After excluding participants with airflow limitation, self-reported chronic bronchitis/emphysema/coronary heart disease history at the baseline survey and abnormal or incomplete data, a total of 45 336 participants were included in the final analysis...

Background: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with most people experiencing at least one episode per year. Current treatment options are mainly symptomatic therapy. Antivirals, antibiotics, and glucocorticoids are of limited benefit for most infections. Traditional Chinese medicine has shown potential benefits in the treatment of ARTIs. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of Phragmites communis Trin...

We report a case of chronic infection with Pasteurella multocida in the lower respiratory tract in a man with a cat. A 77-year-old man presented with recurrent hemoptysis accompanied by bronchiectasis and an opacity in the left lung on chest computed tomography. Although the patient was seropositive for Mycobacterium avium complex, repeated sputum cultures were negative for any specific pathogen. Three years later, he was referred to our hospital for hemoptysis with enhanced opacity in the lower lobe of the left lung...

BACKGROUND: Roflumilast is effective in reducing acute exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at high risk of severe exacerbation. Clinical traits related to the benefits of roflumilast need to be evaluated in patients with COPD. METHODS: A longitudinal observational study in patients newly diagnosed with COPD was conducted using claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in South Korea from 2012-2020 after a 2-year washout period...

Fraxinus mandshurica (Oleaceae) is used as a traditional medicinal plant for the treatment of red eyes, menstrual disorders, excessive leucorrhea, chronic bronchitis and psoriasis. To perform chemical characterization of the secondary metabolites of F. mandshurica roots, bark, stems and leaves, 32 samples were collected from eight provinces in this study. A total of 64 chemical components were detected from four different parts of F. mandshurica by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry...

BACKGROUND: Live attenuated vaccines may be used to prevent nontargeted diseases such as lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) due to their nonspecific effects (NSEs). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyze the NSEs of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine on pediatric LRTIs in children aged 25 months to 35 months. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by using a population-based electronic health record database in Zhejiang, China...

OBJECTIVE: In this article, we investigate how chronic noncommunicable disease (CND) patients evaluate the medical service, and what obstacles exist in this process, which is useful for hospitals to improve efficiency and enhance patient satisfaction. METHODS: Based on the total number of CND patients in China, 7 CNDs were selected as the evaluation objects, and then selected the Haodaifu website as the data source, crawled 15,682 medical service reviews, then the 9 themes were analyzed by the LDA theme model...

PURPOSE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotypes may introduce different characteristics that need to be known to improve treatment. Respiratory oscillometry provides a detailed analysis and may offer insight into the pathophysiology of COPD. In this paper, we used this method to evaluate the differences in respiratory mechanics of COPD phenotypes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study investigated a sample of 83 volunteers, being divided into control group (CG = 20), emphysema (n = 23), CB (n = 20) and asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS, n = 20)...

Studies suggest that mangiferin (MAF) has good therapeutic effects on chronic bronchitis and hepatitis. Also, it is one of the antiviral ingredients in Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. However, its effect on the LPS-induced inflammation and intestinal flora during sepsis remains unclear yet. In the present study, LPS-stimulated inflammation RAW264.7 cells and LPS-induced sepsis mice were used to evaluate the efficacy of MAF in vitro and in vivo. 16S rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the characteristics of intestinal flora of the sepsis mice...

BACKGROUND: Fontan physiology leads to chronic changes in other organ systems that may affect long-term survival and the success of heart transplantation. Inadequate assessment and treatment of the extra-cardiac effects of Fontan may contribute to poor outcomes. Severity graded/ordinal consensus definitions of Fontan complications are lacking which limits understanding of how Fontan-specific morbidity affects patient outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: A panel of Fontan patient and physiology experts, including pediatric, adult congenital, heart failure, and critical care cardiology, and pediatric nephrology, hepatology and psychology, convened to develop definitions of Fontan complications...

RATIONALE: Exposure to particulate matter is associated with various adverse health outcomes. Ultrafine particles are a unique public health challenge due to their size. However, limited studies have examined their impacts on human health, especially across seasons and demographics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of ultrafine particle exposure on the risk of visiting the emergency department for a chronic lower respiratory disease in New York State NYS, 2013-2018...

BACKGROUND: Little attention has been paid to the pathophysiological changes in the natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The destructions of the small airways were visualized on thoracic micro-computed tomography scan. We investigated whether small airway inflammation (SAI) was the risk for the development of COPD. METHODS: A total of 1062 patients were enrolled and analyzed in the study. The partitioned airway inflammation was determined by exhaled nitric oxide (NO) of FnNO, FeNO50 , FeNO200 , and calculated CaNOdual ...

This review comprehensively examines the intricate relationship between carbon monoxide (CO) diffusion capacity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD, comprising chronic bronchitis and emphysema, presents a substantial global health burden, necessitating a nuanced understanding of pulmonary function parameters for effective diagnosis and management. The review delves into the physiological underpinnings, measurement techniques, and factors influencing CO diffusion capacity, emphasizing its pivotal role in assessing alveolar gas exchange efficiency...

Evidence on the association of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with chronic bronchitis (CB) and emphysema is spare and defective. To evaluate the relationship between urinary metabolites of VOCs (mVOCs) with CB and emphysema, and to identify the potential mVOC of paramount importance, data from NHANES 2011-2014 waves were utilized. Logistic regression was conducted to estimate the independent association of mVOCs with respiratory outcomes. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was performed to screen a parsimonious set of CB- and emphysema-relevant mVOCs that were used for further co-exposure analyses of weight quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR)...

Organic dusts are complex bioaerosol mixtures comprised of dust and particulate matter of organic origin. These include components from bacteria, fungi, pollen, and viruses to fragments of animals and plants commonplace to several environmental/occupational settings encompassing agriculture/farming, grain processing, waste/recycling, textile, cotton, woodworking, bird breeding, and more. Organic dust exposures are linked to development of chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, asthma-like syndrome, byssinosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)...

BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) results from gene-environment interactions over the lifetime. These interactions are captured by epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) related to COPD and lung function. METHODS: Systematic literature search on PubMed, Embase and CINAHL databases, identified 1947 articles that investigated epigenetic changes associated with COPD/lung function; 17 of them met our eligibility criteria from which data was manually extracted...