Bronchitis

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted, multisystem autoimmune disorder with diverse clinical expressions. While prevalence reports vary widely, pulmonary involvement accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in SLE. This comprehensive review explores the spectrum of pulmonary disease in SLE, including upper airway manifestations (e.g., laryngeal affection), lower airway conditions (e.g., bronchitis, bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis), parenchymal diseases (e.g., interstitial lung disease, acute lupus pneumonitis, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage), pleural diseases (e...

Solid wastes are substances thrown away by the institutions of individual households in the urban community. The solid waste management practice in Asella town was inappropriate caused environmental pollution and exposed different urban health difficulties. The main objective was to determine the environmental and health impacts of solid waste management problems and associated factors in Asella town. Data collection was carried out through a house-to-house community survey process with a method of cross-sectional study design...

The GI-19 lineage of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has emerged as one of the most impactful, particularly in the "Old World". Originating in China several decades ago, it has consistently spread and evolved, often forming independent clades in various areas and countries, each with distinct production systems and control strategies. This study leverages this scenario to explore how different environments may influence virus evolution. Through the analysis of the complete S1 sequence, four datasets were identified, comprising strains of monophyletic clades circulating in different continents or countries (e...

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) induces severe economic losses in chicken farms due to the emergence of new variants leading to vaccine breaks. The studied IBV strains belong to Massachusetts (Mass), Canadian 4/91, and California (Cal) 1737 genotypes that are prevalent globally. This study was designed to compare the impact of these three IBV genotypes on primary and secondary lymphoid organs. For this purpose, one-week-old specific pathogen-free chickens were inoculated with Mass, Canadian 4/91, or Cal 1737 IBV variants, keeping a mock-infected control...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection represents a global and noteworthy cause of hospitalization and death in infants of less than 1 year of age. The typical clinical manifestation is bronchiolitis, an inflammatory process of the small airways. The symptoms are usually a brief period of low-grade fever, cough, coryza, breathing difficulties, and reduced feeding. The progression of the disease is difficult to predict, even in previous healthy subjects. Symptoms may also be subtle and underestimated, thus leading to sudden unexpected infant death (SUID)...

(1) Background: Acute asthma and bronchitis are common infectious diseases in children that affect lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), especially in preschool children (below six years). These diseases can be caused by viral or bacterial infections and are considered one of the main reasons for the increase in the number of deaths among children due to the rapid spread of infection, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). People sometimes confuse acute bronchitis and asthma because there are many overlapping symptoms, such as coughing, runny nose, chills, wheezing, and shortness of breath; therefore, many junior doctors face difficulty differentiating between cases of children in the emergency departments...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a pathological condition of the respiratory system characterized by chronic airflow obstruction, associated with changes in the lung parenchyma (pulmonary emphysema), bronchi (chronic bronchitis) and bronchioles (small airways disease). In the last years, the importance of phenotyping and endotyping COPD patients has strongly emerged. Metabolomics refers to the study of metabolites (both intermediate or final products) and their biological processes in biomatrices...

BACKGROUND: Cameroon is a tuberculosis (TB) burden country with a 12% positivity among TB presumptive cases. Of the presumptive cases with a negative TB test, some are infected with Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM). However, the diagnosis of NTM infections remains difficult due to the lack of tools in many laboratories, particularly in resource limited laboratories and remote setting. The present study was undertaken to determine NTM profile and associated comorbidities among TB presumptive people...

Physochlaina is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Solanaceae and consists of 10 species distributed in various Asian countries. The species of the genus have been traditionally used to cure a variety of illnesses due to their highly valuable medicinal properties, including cancer, asthma, cough, weakness, stomachache, diarrhea, swelling, spasms, toothache, boils, ulcers, rheumatic pain, chronic bronchitis, gastric problems, abdominal pain, palpitation, and insomnia. The species have gained significant attention due to their remarkable ethnopharmacological and ethnomedicinal significance...

We present a case of bilateral giant bullous emphysema (GBE) with rapidly progressive dyspnea. The dyspnea was thought to be due to tension bullae caused by the check valve mechanism in COVID-19 bronchitis. Multiple nodules were also detected on both sides of the lung. As the patient had poor pulmonary reserve for surgical bullectomy, we first performed percutaneous intracavitary drainage. Prior to this procedure, we placed a chest tube in the thoracic cavity to avoid tension pneumothorax. As a result, the patient's remaining lung expanded and respiratory status improved, allowing him to undergo surgical bullectomy...

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BACKGROUNDS: It remains unclear if antibiotics should be used for the treatment of acute aspiration bronchitis to prevent the development of pneumonia. This study aimed to assess the associations between the use of antibiotics and the development of pneumonia among patients with acute aspiration bronchitis. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with acute aspiration bronchitis aged ≥75 years. Acute aspiration bronchitis was defined as a condition with aspiration risk, high fever (body temperature, ≥37...

INTRODUCTION: The broiler chicken digestive tract microbiome maintains the bird's immunity. Its composition has been shown to be important not only for the immune system but also for the gastrointestinal function and productivity of broiler chickens. If the microbiome is populated by supplementation with Lactobacillus, Pediococcus and Saccharomyces spp. - microorganisms with probiotic properties and alternatives to antibiotics - the immune system is stimulated. The use of probiotic supplements in the broiler production cycle can boost bird immunity and prevent adenovirus infection...

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB) is rarely found in community respiratory infections, and there are currently no reports of hemorrhagic bronchitis caused by its infection. This work presents a case of bronchial bleeding in a diabetic patient who acquired a community-acquired infection of CR-AB. Treatment with levofloxacin was unsuccessful, as the patient's hemoptysis symptoms recur. The patient was treated with minocycline based on the drug sensitivity test, resulting in the disappearance of hemoptysis symptoms...

This article discusses the classification of micro- and nanoplastics (MNP), the routes of their exposure and the effects of MNP on the reproductive, respiratory, digestive and immune systems based on in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as available epidemiological data. The MNP can enter our body through inhalation, food or skin. The presence of microplastics (MP) in tap, bottled and deep sea water, as well as in sea salt, fruit and vegetables has been demonstrated. Due to their small size, MNP can be absorbed and easily distributed through the blood and lymphatic vessel system to tissues and organs...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Longdan zhike tablet (LDZK) is a Tibetan medicine formula commonly used in the highland region of Tibet, China, to ameliorate respiratory diseases, such as acute bronchitis and asthma. In Chinese traditional medicine, some herbal formulas with anti-inflammatory properties targeting the respiratory system are clinically adopted as supplementary therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the specific anti-COPD effects of LDZK remain to be evaluated...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: In Senegal, upper and lower respiratory tract infections constitute a real health problem. To manage these disorders, most people rely on the use of local medicinal plants. This is particularly the case for species belonging to the botanical families, Combretaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Rubiaceae, which are widely used to treat various respiratory problems such as colds, flu, rhinitis, sinusitis, otitis, angina, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and also pneumonia...

OBJECTIVE: Computer aided diagnostics (CAD) systems can automate the differentiation of maxillary sinus (MS) with and without opacification, simplifying the typically laborious process and aiding in clinical insight discovery within large cohorts. METHODS: This study uses Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS) a large, prospective, long-term, population-based cohort study of participants between 45 and 74 years of age. We develop a CAD system using an ensemble of 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to analyze cranial MRIs, distinguishing MS with opacifications (polyps, cysts, mucosal thickening) from MS without opacifications...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Many studies reported the prevalence of extrahepatic conditions (EHC) of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), but the great heterogeneity existed across different studies. Therefore, we conducted the systematic review and meta-analyses to determine EHC prevalence and association with PBC. METHODS: We searched PUBMED and included observational, cross-sectional and case-controlled studies. A random or fixed effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and odd ratio (OR) as appropriate...

Objective: To investigate the prospective association of sleep duration with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults in Suzhou. Methods: The study used the data of 53 269 participants aged 30-79 years recruited in the baseline survey from 2004 to 2008 and the follow-up until December 31, 2017 of China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) conducted in Wuzhong District, Suzhou. After excluding participants with airflow limitation, self-reported chronic bronchitis/emphysema/coronary heart disease history at the baseline survey and abnormal or incomplete data, a total of 45 336 participants were included in the final analysis...