keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473318/mirna-on-the-battlefield-of-cancer-significance-in-cancer-stem-cells-wnt-pathway-and-treatment
#21
REVIEW
Lekha Bhagtaney, Arun Dharmarajan, Sudha Warrier
Carcinogenesis is a complex process characterized by intricate changes in organ histology, biochemistry, epigenetics, and genetics. Within this intricate landscape, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as distinct cell types possessing unique attributes that significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. The WNT signaling pathway plays a critical role in maintaining somatic stem cell pluripotency. However, in cancer, overexpression of WNT mediators enhances the activity of β-catenin, resulting in phenomena such as recurrence and unfavorable survival outcomes...
February 27, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471816/catalytic-residues-of-microrna-argonautes-play-a-modest-role-in-microrna-star-strand-destabilization-in-c-elegans
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kasuen Kotagama, Acadia L Grimme, Leah Braviner, Bing Yang, Rima M Sakhawala, Guoyun Yu, Lars Kristian Benner, Leemor Joshua-Tor, Katherine McJunkin
Many microRNA (miRNA)-guided Argonaute proteins can cleave RNA ('slicing'), even though miRNA-mediated target repression is generally cleavage-independent. Here we use Caenorhabditis elegans to examine the role of catalytic residues of miRNA Argonautes in organismal development. In contrast to previous work, mutations in presumed catalytic residues did not interfere with development when introduced by CRISPR. We find that unwinding and decay of miRNA star strands is weakly defective in the catalytic residue mutants, with the largest effect observed in embryos...
March 12, 2024: Nucleic Acids Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471617/microrna-125b-1-3p-mediates-autophagy-via-the-rragd-mtor-ulk1-signaling-pathway-and-mitigates-atherosclerosis-progression
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Chen, Yanhong Cao, Yining Guo, Jing Liu, Xiaohan Ye, Huan Li, Lu Zhang, Wenwei Feng, Shaoxiang Xian, Zhongqi Yang, Lingjun Wang, Ting Wang
Atherosclerosis is characterised by lipid accumulation and formation of foam cells in arterial walls. Dysregulated autophagy is a crucial factor in atherosclerosis development. The significance of microRNA (miR)-125b-1-3p in cardiovascular disease is well-established; however, its precise role in regulating autophagy and impact on atherosclerosis in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain unclear. Here, we observed reduced autophagic activity and decreased miR-125b expression during atherosclerosis progression...
March 10, 2024: Cellular Signalling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468240/identification-of-bach1-it2-mir-4786-siglec-15-immune-suppressive-axis-in-bladder-cancer
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xingzhi Li, Ziji Liang, Jiexin Pan, Meng Zhang, Jinli Liu, Rong Hu, Caiyan Liao
The sialic acid binding Ig like lectin 15 (Siglec-15) was previously identified as tumor immune suppressor gene in some human cancers with elusive molecular mechanism to be elucidated. The continuous focus on both clinical and basic biology of bladder cancer leads us to characterize aberrant abundance of BACH1-IT2 associating with stabilization of Siglec-15, which eventually contributes to local immune suppressive microenvironment and therefore tumor advance. This effect was evidently mediated by miR-4786-5p...
March 11, 2024: BMC Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466226/evidence-for-an-rnai-independent-role-of-arabidopsis-dicer-like2-in-growth-inhibition-and-basal-antiviral-resistance
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carsten Poul Skou Nielsen, Laura Arribas-Hernández, Lijuan Han, Marlene Reichel, Jakob Woessmann, Rune Daucke, Simon Bressendorff, Diego López-Márquez, Stig Uggerhøj Andersen, Nathan Pumplin, Erwin M Schoof, Peter Brodersen
Flowering plant genomes encode four or five DICER-LIKE (DCL) enzymes that produce small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs which function in RNA interference (RNAi). Different RNAi pathways in plants effect transposon silencing, antiviral defense and endogenous gene regulation. DCL2 acts genetically redundantly with DCL4 to confer basal antiviral defense. However, DCL2 may also counteract DCL4, since knockout of DCL4 causes growth defects that are suppressed by DCL2 inactivation. Current models maintain that RNAi via DCL2-dependent siRNAs is the biochemical basis of both effects...
March 11, 2024: Plant Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448875/microrna-223-3p-downregulates-the-inflammatory-response-in-preeclampsia-placenta-via-targeting-nlrp3
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xueqiong Liu, Zhiyue Li, Dan Lu
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory role of miR-223-3p in the inflammatory response of PE placenta. METHODS: PE and normal placental tissues were collected to measure the expression of NLRP3 and miR-223-3p. The targeting relationship between NLRP3 and miR-223-3P was verified by bioinformatics analysis and classical double-luciferase reporter gene assay. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce HTR8/SVneo cells as PE placental cell inflammation model. Then we transfected miR-223-3p overexpression/miR-223-3p negative control plasmid into the LPS-induced HTR8/SVneo cells...
March 6, 2024: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444939/exosomal-mir-223-3p-from-bone-marrow-mesenchymal-stem-cells-targets-hdac2-to-downregulate-stat3-phosphorylation-to-alleviate-hbx-induced-ferroptosis-in-podocytes
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yueqi Chen, Xiaoqian Yang, Moxuan Feng, Yani Yu, Yongzheng Hu, Wei Jiang
Background: Hepatitis B virus associated-glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN) is one of the major secondary renal diseases in China, and microRNAs (miRNAs) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exo) can attenuate HBV-X protein (HBx)-induced ferroptosis in renal podocytes, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of miR-223-3p in BMSC-Exo in HBx-induced ferroptosis in podocytes. Methods: The study employed human renal podocyte cells (HPCs), bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), as well as kidney tissue from C57BL/6 mice and HBx transgenic mice...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442830/aberrantly-downregulated-fendrr-by-arecoline-elevates-ros-and-myofibroblast-activation-via-mitigating-the-mir-214-mfn2-axis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi-Wen Liao, Cheng-Chia Yu, Chang-Wei Hsieh, Shih-Chi Chao, Pei-Ling Hsieh
Long non-coding RNA FENDRR possesses both anti-fibrotic and anti-cancer properties, but its significance in the development of premalignant oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) remains unclear. Here, we showed that FENDRR was downregulated in OSF specimens and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs), and overexpression of FENDRR mitigated various myofibroblasts hallmarks, and vice versa. In the course of investigating the mechanism underlying the implication of FENDRR in myofibroblast transdifferentiation, we found that FENDRR can directly bind to miR-214 and exhibit its suppressive effect on myofibroblast activation via titrating miR-214...
March 3, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442677/extracellular-micrornas-induce-dendritic-cell-dependent-joint-inflammation-and-potentiate-osteoclast-differentiation-via-tlr7-8-engagement
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Gaudenzi, Tiziana Schioppa, Mauro Passari, Giovanni Zucchi, Laura Tiberio, Yasmin Vahidi, Sara Scutera, Tiziana Musso, Silvano Sozzani, Annalisa Del Prete, Valentina Salvi, Daniela Bosisio
OBJECTIVES: Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) are key players in the induction of inflammation, autoreactive T cell activation and loss of tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the precise mechanisms underlying their activation remain elusive. Here, we hypothesized that extracellular microRNAs released in RA synovial fluids may represent a novel, physiological stimulus triggering unwanted immune response via TLR8-expressing DC stimulation. METHODS: Human monocyte-derived DCs were stimulated with a mixture of GU-rich miRNAs upregulated in RA tissues and released in synovial fluids (Ex-miRNAs)...
March 4, 2024: Journal of Autoimmunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38439876/tp53-mitigates-cisplatin-resistance-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-by-mediating-the-effects-of-resistant-cell-derived-exosome-mir-424-5p
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Deng, Hao Ding, Yanhua Zhang, Xudong Feng, Qing Ye, Rui Tian, Yuchuan Xu, Qingqing He, Qiaofen Fu, Rongqing Li
BACKGROUND: Cisplatin (DDP) is the principal agent used for chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, DDP resistance is an essential cause for a worse prognosis of patient. Therefore, this study proposes to discover features of miR-424-5p in DDP resistance of NSCLC. METHOD: After exogenous modulation of miR-424-5p expression, A549 cell activity was measured using CCK-8 and flow cytometry. A549/DDP and A549/DDP-associated subcutaneous tumor model were constructed to investigate the effect of miR-424-5p on DDP resistance in NSCLC in vivo ...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38439741/sepsis-associated-encephalopathy-autophagy-and-mirnas-regulate-microglial-activation
#31
REVIEW
Nannan Qin, Yanmei Miao, Leiyu Xie, Xinglong Ma, Peng Xie
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) describes diffuse or multifocal cerebral dysfunction caused by the systemic inflammatory response to sepsis. SAE is a common neurological complication in patients in the middle and late stages of sepsis in the intensive care unit. Microglia, resident macrophages of the central nervous system, phagocytose small numbers of neuronal cells and apoptotic cells, among other cells, to maintain the dynamic balance of the brain's internal environment. The neuroinflammatory response induced by activated microglia plays a central role in the pathogenesis of various central nervous system diseases...
March 2024: Physiological Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438579/intestinal-epithelial-kr%C3%A3-ppel-like-factor-4-alleviates-endotoxemia-and-atherosclerosis-through-improving-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-mir-34a-mediated-intestinal-permeability
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
He-Zhong-Rong Nie, Yi-Wen Zhou, Xiao-Hong Yu, Cong-Guo Yin, Ling-Fei Li, Hui-Qin Hao, Tao Yuan, Yong Pan
Maintenance of intestinal barrier function contributes to gastrointestinal homeostasis and therefore cardiovascular diseases. A number of studies show that intestinal permeability is affected by excessive inflammatory responses. Krüppel-like factor (KLF) 4 is one of the critical transcriptional factors, which controls multiple immune responses. In this study we investigated the role of KLF4 in regulating intestinal inflammation and permeability during the atherosclerotic process. Atherosclerotic model was established in ApoE-/- mice by feeding a high fat high cholesterol (HFHC) diet...
March 4, 2024: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437922/adolescent-alcohol-exposure-modifies-adult-anxiety-like-behavior-and-amygdala-sensitivity-to-alcohol-in-rats-increased-c-fos-activity-and-sex-dependent-microrna-182-expression
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Vázquez-Ágredos, Marta Valero, Teresa Aparicio, Raquel García-Rodríguez, Fernando Gámiz, Milagros Gallo
Adolescent binge alcohol drinking is a serious health concern contributing to adult alcohol abuse often associated with anxiety disorders. We have used adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) administration as a model of binge drinking in rats in order to explore its long-term effect on the basolateral amygdala (BLA) responsiveness to alcohol and anxiety-like behavior. AIE increased the number of BLA c-Fos positive cells in adult Wistar rats and anxiety-like behavior assessed by the open field test (OFT). Additionally, in adult female rats receiving AIE BLA over expression of miR-182 was found...
March 2, 2024: Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38434562/m-3-subtype-of-muscarinic-acetylcholine-receptor-inhibits-cardiac-fibrosis-via-targeting-microrna-29b-beta-site-app-cleaving-enzyme-1-axis
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen Li, Jie Yu, Yilian Yang, Jia Wang, Yunqi Liu, Jiapan Wang, Juan Hu, Ye Yuan, Zhimin Du
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed that choline exerts anti-fibrotic effect in the heart by activating the M3 subtype of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3 receptor), but the mechanism remains to be clarified. MicroRNA-29b (miR-29b) plays an important role in the fibrotic process and can directly target collagen to resist myocardial fibrosis. This study investigated whether miR-29b is involved in the anti-fibrotic effect of activating M3 receptor. METHODS: Proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts was induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in vitro ...
February 15, 2024: Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431569/nrf2-activation-a-key-mechanism-in-stem-cell-exosomes-mediated-therapies
#35
REVIEW
Zeinab Vahidinia, Abolfazl Azami Tameh, Shirin Barati, Melika Izadpanah, Elahe Seyed Hosseini
Exosomes are nano-sized membrane extracellular vesicles which can be released from various types of cells. Exosomes originating from inflammatory or injured cells can have detrimental effects on recipient cells, while exosomes derived from stem cells not only facilitate the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues but also inhibit inflammation and provide protective effects against various diseases, suggesting they may serve as an alternative strategy of stem cells transplantation...
March 2, 2024: Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429303/polycomb-mediated-silencing-of-mir-8-is-required-for-maintenance-of-intestinal-stemness-in-drosophila-melanogaster
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zoe Veneti, Virginia Fasoulaki, Nikolaos Kalavros, Ioannis S Vlachos, Christos Delidakis, Aristides G Eliopoulos
Balancing maintenance of self-renewal and differentiation is a key property of adult stem cells. The epigenetic mechanisms controlling this balance remain largely unknown. Herein, we report that the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) is required for maintenance of the intestinal stem cell (ISC) pool in the adult female Drosophila melanogaster. We show that loss of PRC2 activity in ISCs by RNAi-mediated knockdown or genetic ablation of the enzymatic subunit Enhancer of zeste, E(z), results in loss of stemness and precocious differentiation of enteroblasts to enterocytes...
March 2, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426108/multi-omics-analysis-of-mirna-mediated-intestinal-microflora-changes-in-crucian-carp-carassius-auratus-infected-with-rahnella-aquatilis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiaxin Huo, Xiaowei Li, Xiucai Hu, Aijun Lv
Infection by an emerging bacterial pathogen Rahnella aquatilis caused enteritis and septicemia in fish. However, the molecular pathogenesis of enteritis induced by R. aquatilis infection and its interacting mechanism of the intestinal microflora associated with microRNA (miRNA) immune regulation in crucian carp Carassius auratus are still unclear. In this study, C. auratus intraperitoneally injected with R. aquatilis KCL-5 was used as an experimental animal model, and the intestinal pathological changes, microflora, and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were investigated by multi-omics analysis...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38421496/new-insights-on-nlrp3-inflammasome-mechanisms-of-activation-inhibition-and-epigenetic-regulation
#38
REVIEW
Triveni Kodi, Runali Sankhe, Adarsh Gopinathan, Krishnadas Nandakumar, Anoop Kishore
Inflammasomes are important modulators of inflammation. Dysregulation of inflammasomes can enhance vulnerability to conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, autoinflammatory diseases, and metabolic disorders. Among various inflammasomes, Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is the best-characterized inflammasome related to inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. NLRP3 is an intracellular sensor that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated patterns resulting in the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology: the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38420020/mir-939-3p-induces-sarcoma-proliferation-and-poor-prognosis-via-suppressing-batf2
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wanwen Xu, Yinghui Huang, Zengjie Lei, Jie Zhou
BACKGROUND: Sarcoma is a rare and aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, in which oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inactivation are involved. Accumulated studies suggested basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like 2 (BATF2) as a candidate tumor suppressor, but its specific role and mechanism in sarcoma remain unclear. METHODS: The expression levels of BATF2 and miR-939-3p were evaluated by using human sarcoma samples, cell lines and xenograft mouse models...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38419396/exploring-the-impact-of-tlr-2-signaling-on-mirna-dysregulation-in-intervertebral-disc-degeneration
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petra Cazzanelli, Mikkael Lamoca, Oliver Nic Hausmann, Addisu Mesfin, Varun Puvanesarajah, Wolfgang Hitzl, Lisbet Haglund, Karin Wuertz-Kozak
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key mediators of inflammation in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. TLR-2 activation contributes to the degenerative process by increasing the expression of extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and neurotrophins. As potent post-transcriptional regulators, microRNAs can modulate intracellular mechanisms, and their dysregulation is known to contribute to numerous pathologies. This study aims to investigate the impact of TLR-2 signaling on miRNA dysregulation in the context of IVD degeneration...
February 28, 2024: Advanced biology
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