adrenal metastases

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy originating in the adrenal glands, aldosterone-producing ACC, even rarer. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), by contrast, accounts for the majority of thyroid carcinomas. We herein describe the first reported case of a female with comorbidities of aldosterone-producing ACC, PTC, and Graves' Disease(GD). The patient achieved transient clinical remission following adrenalectomy. However, three months later, aldosterone-producing ACC lung metastases emerged. Subsequently, within another three-month interval, she developed thyroid eye disease(TED)...

Adrenal cysts lined by thyroid follicular epithelium are rare, with only 14 reported cases of "ectopic thyroid tissue" to date. While the primary consideration for differential diagnosis is thyroid carcinoma metastasis, exclusion of metastases is determined based on the absence of a primary thyroid lesion, serological euthyroidism, lack of thyroglobulin elevation, and absence of epithelial atypia. Herein, we report 2 cases of adrenal cysts lined by thyroid follicular epithelium. Case 1 was a 60-year-old woman with a right adrenal cyst...

CONTEXT: Functional positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for the characterization of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PCC/PGL) and for detection of metastases in malignant disease, offers valuable clinical insights that can significantly guide patient treatment. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to evaluate a novel PET radiotracer, 3-[18 F]fluoro- para -hydroxyphenethylguanidine (3-[18 F]pHPG), a norepinephrine analogue, for its ability to localize PCC/PGL. METHODS: 3-[18 F]pHPG PET/CT whole-body scans were performed on 16 patients (8 male:8 female; mean age 47...

BACKGROUND: Up to 41% of intra- and extra-adrenal paragangliomas are linked to germline mutations with autosomal dominant transmission, which necessitates genetic testing for patients and their relatives.1-4 Certain alterations, such as the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit B gene mutation, are associated with a significant risk of extra-adrenal, malignant, and metastatic disease forms.4-7 This highlights the need for routine genetic counseling and diligent surveillance, as well as surgeon awareness of hereditary paraganglioma-pheochromocytoma syndrome (HPPS)...

Objective: To analyze the clinical features of patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL). Methods: A follow-up study. The clinical data of 250 patients with metastatic PPGL treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2018 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 124 males and 126 females. The clinical features and treatment status of patients with metastatic PPGL were summarized and analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to evaluate patients' prognosis...

PURPOSE: To study the prevalence of primary adrenal tumors and adrenal metastases in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and describe these in detail. NENs can be further divided into neuroendocrine tumor (NET) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). METHODS: A review of medical files was conducted for all patients who underwent a 68 Gallium-DOTATOC-PET/CT during 2010-2023 or adrenalectomy during 1999-2023 at the Karolinska University Hospital. RESULTS: In total, 68 Gallium-DOTATOC-PET/CT was performed on 1750 individuals with NEN, among whom 12 (0...

We present a case of a 49-year-old man with a giant basal cell carcinoma of the back, with metastases in the lungs, liver, mediastinum and both adrenal glands. Neoadjuvant vismodegib was administered, after which wide local resection of the tumour was performed. There have been no signs of local recurrence.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a leading cause of mortality among genitourinary malignancies with limited therapeutic options. The hematogenous route, lymphatic spread, and direct invasion have been documented in RCC. Usually, metastases are regional lymph nodes, lungs, bone, liver, adrenal glands, contralateral kidney, and brain. Metastases to the rare sites such as skin, breast, head and neck were documented in the literature. In the present case, we describe the synchronous metastases to the base of the tongue and thyroid gland in RCC and the response to sunitinib therapy on 18F-FDG PET/CT...

123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) is extensively used for initial staging and response evaluation in children with neuroblastoma. Physiological uptake of 123I-MIBG occurs in the salivary glands, liver, adrenal gland, myocardium, bowel, and thyroid gland. 123I-MIBG cannot cross an intact blood-brain barrier. We present the rare case of a 3-year-old boy with neuroblastoma and meningeal metastases who underwent an 123I-MIBG scan for disease restaging that showed abnormal brain uptake. Abnormal MIBG uptake in the brain can occur if there is disruption of the blood-brain barrier either secondary to metastases or after damage to blood-brain barrier...

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. Its diagnosis requires clinical suspicion and confirmation through laboratory and imaging studies, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and abdominal ultrasound, as well as histological confirmation. Positron emission tomography (PET) is useful for distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions and for evaluating tumor recurrences or metastases. A case is described in which the uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in a remnant adrenal gland could be misinterpreted as tumoral pathology...

Prostate carcinoma (PC) is the second most common malignant tumor in males globally. The metastatic spread of PC usually involves the pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes and the skeletal system. Cutaneous metastases are exceedingly uncommon and typically manifest themselves late in the disease course, considered as ominous sign with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. We describe a patient wherein 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT detected multiple uncommon metastatic sites in the cutaneous region of the scrotum, penis, and thigh, as well as in the subcutaneous region of anterior abdominal wall, and in bilateral adrenal glands...

BACKGROUND: The goal of this research is to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of men with metastatic breast cancer (mMBC). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the data of 28 patients was conducted. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess overall survival (OS) and prognostic variables. RESULTS: At the time of diagnosis, the median age was 57 years (range 26-86). The most prevalent pathological subtype was invasive ductal carcinoma (92...

Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare adrenal and extra-adrenal tumors which have the potential to metastasize. For the management of patients with PPGLs, CT is the preferred modality of choice for precise localization and estimation of their progression. However, due to the myriad variations in size, morphology, and appearance of the tumors in different anatomical regions, radiologists are posed with the challenge of accurate detection of PPGLs. Since clinicians also need to routinely measure their size and track their changes over time across patient visits, manual demarcation of PPGLs is quite a time-consuming and cumbersome process...

The prognosis of recurrent gastric cancer is generally poor, and aggressive surgical treatment is rarely performed. Herein, we present the case of a patient who underwent resection of cerebellar and adrenal gland metastases from gastric cancer. The patient was treated for gastric cancer with distal gastrectomy at 23 years and for remnant gastric cancer with completion gastrectomy at 48 years. At 59 years old, she experienced vertigo and nausea and was diagnosed with cerebellar and left adrenal gland tumours...

IMPORTANCE: The adrenal androgen-metabolizing 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 enzyme, encoded by the HSD3B1 gene, catalyzes the rate-limiting step necessary for synthesizing nontesticular testosterone and dihydrotestosterone production. The common adrenal-permissive HSD3B1(1245C) allele is responsible for encoding the 3β-HSD1 protein with decreased susceptibility to degradation resulting in higher extragonadal androgen synthesis. Retrospective studies have suggested an association of the HSD3B1 adrenal-permissive homozygous genotype with androgen deprivation therapy resistance in prostate cancer...

The purpose of this paper is to summarize three methods for treating adrenal metastases with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). This article is not meant to provide consensus guidelines, but rather to present four practical examples of treatment techniques using different treatment platforms from three institutions.

INTRODUCTION: In prostate cancer, androgens are key in the growth of both normal prostate and cancer cells. Abiraterone acetate inhibits CYP17, an important target in prostate cancer given its central role in the production of adrenal and tumor-derived androgens. Although abiraterone is generally well tolerated, common adverse effects such as hypertension, hypokalemia, and hepatotoxicity have been reported. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of an 83-year-old Mexican man with high-volume EC IV prostate cancer resistant to castration, orchiectomy, and bone, liver, and lung metastases...

OBJECTIVES: Aim of this study was to assess the value of virtual non-contrast (VNC) reconstructions in differentiating between adrenal adenomas and metastases on a photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with adrenal masses and contrast-enhanced CT scans in portal venous phase were included. Image reconstructions were performed, including conventional VNC (VNCConv ) and PureCalcium VNC (VNCPC ), as well as virtual monochromatic images (VMI, 40-90 keV) and iodine maps...

OBJECTIVE: This study determined the cut-off value of Ki-67 expression and discussed the interaction between Ki-67 and histological grade, further explored the prognostic role of Ki-67 in hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer;. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed the Ki-67 expression of 956 patients with HR+/HER2 breast cancer diagnosed in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from 2015 to 2019 by immunohistochemistry (IHC), The disease-free survival (DFS) was defined as the time from postoperative to the first local recurrence, distant metastasis or death of the disease...

Lung adenocarcinoma, the predominant subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, typically metastasizes to common sites such as the liver and adrenal glands. However, rare instances involve skeletal muscle metastasis. We present a case of a 45-year-old female with a medical history of hypertension, epilepsy, and fibromyalgia, who presented to the emergency department with hemoptysis and multifocal pain. Chest imaging revealed a cavitary lesion which appeared to be necrotizing pneumonia. Further investigations uncovered a fluid collection in the left thigh, which would be identified as poorly differentiated carcinoma...