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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adult hair follicle stem cells differentiate into neuronal cells in explanted rat intestinal tissue.
Zuyin Sun, Jiashi Huo, Yongshen Tian, Mei Liu, Yan Liu, Man Xu, Qiyou Yin
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are adult stem cells located in the outer root sheath of the follicle bulge with high neural plasticity, which promise a potential for the stem cell therapy for neurological diseases. Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is characterized by the absence of ganglia in the distant bowel. In this study, we elucidated the capacity of HFSCs to differentiate into neuronal cells in the aganglionic colon from embryonic rat. HFSCs were isolated from adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and formed spheres that could be passaged...
April 24, 2024: In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Animal
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krishna Vasant Mutanwad, Monika Debreczeny, Doris Lucyshyn
Plant genetics plays a key role in determining root hair initiation and development. A complex network of genetic interactions therefore closely monitors and influences root hair phenotype and morphology. The significance of these genes can be studied by employing, for instance, loss-of-function mutants, overexpression plant lines, and fluorescently labeled constructs. Confocal laser scanning microscopy is a great tool to visually observe and document these morphological features. This chapter elaborates the techniques involved in handling of microscopic setup to acquire images displaying root hair distribution along the fully elongated zone of Arabidopsis thaliana roots...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
#3
REVIEW
Roberto Rodríguez-Morales
Cave-adapted animals evolve a suite of regressive and constructive traits that allow survival in the dark. Most studies aiming at understanding cave animal evolution have focused on the genetics and environmental underpinnings of regressive traits, with special emphasis on vision loss. Possibly as a result of vision loss, other non-visual sensory systems have expanded and compensated in cave species. For instance, in many cave-dwelling fish species, including the blind cavefish of the Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus , a major non-visual mechanosensory system called the lateral line, compensated for vision loss through morphological expansions...
April 2024: Ecology and Evolution
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huiming Yang, Tao Zong, Jing Liu, Dengxu Wang, Ke Gong, Haiyan Yin, Weiwei Zhang, Tong Xu, Rong Yang
Aminoglycoside antibiotics, including gentamicin (GM), induce delayed ototoxic effects such as hearing loss after prolonged use, which results from the death of hair cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the ototoxicity of aminoglycosides warrant further investigation, and there are currently no effective drugs in the clinical setting. Herein, the therapeutic effect of the flavonoid compound rutin against the ototoxic effects of GM in zebrafish hair cells was investigated. Animals incubated with rutin (100-400 µmol/L) were protected against the pernicious effects of GM (200 µmol/L)...
April 24, 2024: Molecular Neurobiology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher J Buswinka, David B Rosenberg, Rubina G Simikyan, Richard T Osgood, Katharine Fernandez, Hidetomi Nitta, Yushi Hayashi, Leslie W Liberman, Emily Nguyen, Erdem Yildiz, Jinkyung Kim, Amandine Jarysta, Justine Renauld, Ella Wesson, Haobing Wang, Punam Thapa, Pierrick Bordiga, Noah McMurtry, Juan Llamas, Siân R Kitcher, Ana I López-Porras, Runjia Cui, Ghazaleh Behnammanesh, Jonathan E Bird, Angela Ballesteros, A Catalina Vélez-Ortega, Albert S B Edge, Michael R Deans, Ksenia Gnedeva, Brikha R Shrestha, Uri Manor, Bo Zhao, Anthony J Ricci, Basile Tarchini, Martín L Basch, Ruben Stepanyan, Lukas D Landegger, Mark A Rutherford, M Charles Liberman, Bradley J Walters, Corné J Kros, Guy P Richardson, Lisa L Cunningham, Artur A Indzhykulian
Our sense of hearing is mediated by cochlear hair cells, of which there are two types organized in one row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells. Each cochlea contains 5-15 thousand terminally differentiated hair cells, and their survival is essential for hearing as they do not regenerate after insult. It is often desirable in hearing research to quantify the number of hair cells within cochlear samples, in both pathological conditions, and in response to treatment. Machine learning can be used to automate the quantification process but requires a vast and diverse dataset for effective training...
April 23, 2024: Scientific Data
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amandine Jarysta, Abigail L D Tadenev, Matthew Day, Barry Krawchuk, Benjamin E Low, Michael V Wiles, Basile Tarchini
Inhibitory G alpha (GNAI or Gαi) proteins are critical for the polarized morphogenesis of sensory hair cells and for hearing. The extent and nature of their actual contributions remains unclear, however, as previous studies did not investigate all GNAI proteins and included non-physiological approaches. Pertussis toxin can downregulate functionally redundant GNAI1, GNAI2, GNAI3, and GNAO proteins, but may also induce unrelated defects. Here, we directly and systematically determine the role(s) of each individual GNAI protein in mouse auditory hair cells...
April 23, 2024: ELife
#7
REVIEW
Kim Lecomte, Annagiada Toniolo, Esther Hoste
Our skin provides a physical and immunological barrier against dehydration and environmental insults ranging from microbial attacks, toxins and UV irradiation to wounding. Proper functioning of the skin barrier largely depends on the interplay between keratinocytes- the epithelial cells of the skin- and immune cells. Two spatially distinct populations of keratinocyte stem cells (SCs) maintain the epidermal barrier function and the hair follicle. These SCs are inherently long-lived, but cell death can occur within their niches and impacts their functionality...
April 22, 2024: Cell Death and Differentiation
#8
REVIEW
Hana Lee, Seungkwan Cho, Doyong Kim, Taehyun Lee, Han Sung Kim
Bioelectric medicine (BEM) refers to the use of electrical signals to modulate the electrical activity of cells and tissues in the body for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we particularly focused on the microcurrent stimulation (MCS), because, this can take place at the cellular level with sub-sensory application unlike other stimuli. These extremely low-level currents mimic the body's natural electrical activity and are believed to promote various physiological processes. To date, MCS has limited use in the field of BEM with applications in several therapeutic purposes...
May 2024: Biomedical Engineering Letters
#9
Ayse Maraslioglu-Sperber, Fabian Blanc, Stefan Heller, Nesrine Benkafadar
Hearing impairment arises from the loss of either type of cochlear sensory hair cells. Inner hair cells act as primary sound transducers, while outer hair cells enhance sound-induced vibrations within the organ of Corti. Established models, such as systemic administration of ototoxic aminoglycosides, yield inconsistent and variable hair cell death in mice. Overcoming this limitation, we developed a method involving surgical delivery of a hyperosmotic sisomicin solution into the posterior semicircular canal of adult mice...
April 1, 2024: Research Square
#10
Marielle O Beaulieu, Eric D Thomas, David W Raible
UNLABELLED: Death of mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear is a common cause of auditory and vestibular impairment in mammals, which have a limited ability to regrow these cells after damage. In contrast, non-mammalian vertebrates including zebrafish can robustly regenerate hair cells following severe organ damage. The zebrafish inner ear provides an understudied model system for understanding hair cell regeneration in organs that are highly conserved with their mammalian counterparts...
April 11, 2024: bioRxiv
#11
Karl Marrett, Keivan Moradi, Chris Sin Park, Ming Yan, Chris Choi, Muye Zhu, Masood Akram, Sumit Nanda, Qing Xue, Hyun-Seung Mun, Adriana Gutierez, Mitchell Rudd, Brian Zingg, Gabrielle Magat, Kathleen Wijaya, Hongwei Dong, X William Yang, Jason Cong
Neuronal reconstruction-a process that transforms image volumes into 3D geometries and skeletons of cells- bottlenecks the study of brain function, connectomics and pathology. Unlike artistic domains with similar challenges (e.g., hair modeling), scientists need exact and complete segmentations to study subtle topological differences. Existing methods are diskbound, dense-access, coupled, single-threaded, algorithmically unscalable and require manual cropping of small windows and proofreading of skeletons due to low topological accuracy...
April 9, 2024: bioRxiv
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Zhang, Guochen Zhu, Li Tang, Xu Li
BACKGROUND: Acellular nerve allografts (ANAs) have been successfully applied to bridge facial nerve defects, and transplantation of stem cells may enhance the regenerative results. Up to now, application of hair follicle epidermal neural crest stem cell-derived Schwann cell-like cells (EPI-NCSC-SCLCs) combined with ANAs for bridging facial nerve defects has not been reported. METHODS: The effect of ANAs laden with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled EPI-NCSC-SCLCs (ANA + cells) on bridging rat facial nerve trunk defects (5-mm-long) was detected by functional and morphological examination, as compared with autografts and ANAs, respectively...
April 18, 2024: Experimental Cell Research
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takumi Tsuji, Katsuaki Yoneda, Yu Igawa, Erika Minamino, Nodoka Otani, Yuya Yoshida, Takeyuki Kohno
PURPOSE: We investigated the inhibitory effect of edaravone (EDR) lotion on chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) to improve the quality of life for patients with cancer. METHODS: Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide (CPA, 75 mg/kg) to induce CIA and divided into six groups: (1) Control; (2) EDR 0%; (3) EDR 0.3%; (4) EDR 3%. The TUNEL-positive area was examined histologically, and mRNA expression levels of the apoptosis-related factors, such as B-cell/CLL lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), were determined...
April 20, 2024: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
#14
REVIEW
Samir Shrestha, Raksha Pathak, G C Jagat, Jeff Donovan
BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a major cause of hair loss resulting from a complex interplay between various genes and hormones with the result being follicular miniaturization and altered hair cycle dynamics. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has a well-established role as adjunctive therapy in AGA but there are many limitations of it. In an attempt to overcome the shortcomings of PRP, liquid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was developed. AIM: This article critically reviews the protocol for the preparation and clinical outcomes of PRF...
April 20, 2024: Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yomna F Hassan, Dalia A Shabaan
Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) represents one of the most severe side effects of chemotherapy, which forces some patients to reject cancer treatment. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of CIA are not clearly understood, which makes it difficult to discover efficient preventive or therapeutic procedures for this adverse effect. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has a strong antioxidant activity as it stimulates glutathione synthesis and acts as an oxygen radical scavenger. The current study tried to investigate the efficacy of NAC in preserving biochemical parameters and hair follicle structure against cyclophosphamide (CYP) administration...
April 20, 2024: Histochemistry and Cell Biology
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yumiao Lin, Xinxin Li, Jingxian Fang, Qinglan Zeng, Danling Cheng, Gaofeng Wang, Runlu Shi, Yilin Luo, Yihe Ma, Miaomiao Li, Xiang Tang, Xusheng Wang, Ruiyun Tian
Skin, the largest organ of body, is a highly immunogenic tissue with a diverse collection of immune cells. Highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules have a central role in coordinating immune responses as recognition molecules. Nevertheless, HLA gene expression patterns among diverse cell types within a specific organ, like the skin, have yet to be thoroughly investigated, with stromal cells attracting much less attention than immune cells. To illustrate HLA expression profiles across different cell types in the skin, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses on skin datasets, covering adult and fetal skin, and hair follicles as the skin appendages...
April 18, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evan M Ratzan, John Lee, Margot A Madison, Hong Zhu, Wu Zhou, Gwenaëlle S G Géléoc, Jeffrey R Holt
Tmc1 and Tmc2 are essential pore-forming subunits of mechanosensory transduction channels localized to the tips of stereovilli in auditory and vestibular hair cells of the inner ear. To investigate expression and function of Tmc1 and Tmc2 in vestibular organs, we used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization - hairpin chain reaction (FISH-HCR), immunostaining, FM1-43 uptake and we measured vestibular evoked potentials (VsEPs) and vestibular ocular reflexes (VORs). We found that Tmc1 and Tmc2 showed dynamic developmental changes, differences in regional expression patterns, and overall expression levels which differed between the utricle and saccule...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nour Younis, Núria Puigmal, Abdallah El Kurdi, Andrew Badaoui, Dongliang Zhang, Claudia Morales, Anis Saad, Diane Cruz, Nadim Al Rahy, Andrea Daccache, Triana Huerta, Christa Deban, Ahmad Halawi, John Choi, Pere Dosta, Christine Lian, Natalie Artzi, Jamil R Azzi
Disorders in the regulatory arm of the adaptive immune system result in autoimmune-mediated diseases. While systemic immunosuppression is the prevailing approach to manage them, it fails to achieve long-lasting remission due to concomitant suppression of the regulatory arm and carries the risk of heightened susceptibility to infections and malignancies. Alopecia Areata is a condition characterized by localized hair loss due to autoimmunity. The accessibility of the skin provides an opportunity for local rather than systemic intervention to avoid broad immunosuppression...
April 18, 2024: Advanced Materials
#19
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Elham Behrangi, Seyyedeh Tahereh Rahimi, Sona Zare, Azadeh Goodarzi, Mohammadreza Ghassemi, Fariba Khodadad, Maryam Nouri, Samaneh Mozafarpoor, Abbas Dehghani, Mohammad Ali Nilforoushzadeh, Masoumeh Roohaninasab
BACKGROUND: Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells derived from adipose tissue and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are among novel treatments for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). We aimed to investigate the effect of adding SVF to PRP and compare it to administering PRP injection alone. METHODS: Eighteen patients were randomly divided into two groups of nine. The PRP group was treated with PRP at all three visits at 1-month intervals, while the SVF-PRP group received an SVF injection on the first visit and a PRP injection on the second and third visits...
April 2024: Skin Research and Technology
#20
Lingjia Li, Yulan Wang, Hua Gu
We report a case of rash in a 35-year-old female presenting with erythematous papules and infiltrative plaques on the nose and upper jaw resembling rosacea. The patient had been experiencing these symptoms for one year. A pathological biopsy revealed an inflammatory infiltrate consisting of dense perivascular lymphocytes surrounding hair follicles and sweat glands in the dermis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a predominance of CD4+ T cells compared to CD8+ T cells. Based on the clinical manifestations, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry, the patient was diagnosed with Jessner's Lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (JLIS)...
2024: Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology
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