Unprovoked pulmonary embolism

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery fistulae are rare cardiovascular anomalies that can present with atypical symptomatology and therefore pose diagnostic challenges, especially in young patients. CASE SUMMARY: A 34-year-old woman presented with left-sided pleuritic chest pain, haemoptysis, and flu-like symptoms. Initial evaluation revealed multiple left-sided pulmonary emboli, and her transthoracic echocardiography showed turbulent flow in a dilated coronary sinus. A right coronary artery (RCA) to coronary sinus fistula was confirmed by computed tomography coronary angiogram...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), represents a substantial healthcare challenge. Provoked and unprovoked DVT cases carry distinct risks and treatment considerations. Recognizing the limitations of this classification, molecular markers may enhance diagnostic precision and guide anticoagulation therapy duration relying on patient history and risk factors. This preliminary, open-label, prospective cohort study was conducted including 15 patients (10 provoked DVT and 5 unprovoked DVT) and a control group of healthy plasmatic subjects...

BACKGROUND: Contemporary guidelines recommend extended-duration anticoagulation among patients with a first unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE). Little is known about whether this recommendation aligns with patient values after a bleeding complication. OBJECTIVES: To explore the experiences, values, and decisional needs of patients with unprovoked VTE related to extended-duration treatment after an anticoagulant-associated bleed. METHODS: In this descriptive, qualitative study, face to face online semistructured interviews were conducted with patients with unprovoked VTE who had experienced bleeding and continued anticoagulant treatment in one academic hospital in Canada...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term outcomes and safety of syringe-assisted test-aspiration with mechanical aspiration thrombectomy in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis. METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective study of hospitalized patients with iliofemoral and/or inferior vena caval deep venous thrombosis, excluding those with pulmonary embolism. We collected the following patient data from the electronic medical records: age, sex, provoked/unprovoked deep venous thrombosis, symptom duration, thrombosed segments, and the presence of a tumor, thrombophilia, diabetes, and/or iliac vein compression syndrome...

Pulmonary embolism (PE) represents mechanical obstruction of one or more branches of pulmonary vasculature due to thromboembolism from a deep vein thrombosis. Hormonal contraceptives, hormonal replacement therapy, antipsychotics and fibrates are medications that are associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism(VTE). Etanercept is a TNF alpha and beta receptor blocker. Rarely this medication has been identified as a risk factor for VTE. There is a possible correlation between rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and risk of VTE in patients with RA...

AIM: Hereditary thrombophilia (HT) testing is frequently conducted during the evaluation of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). However, the utility of routine HT testing in this setting is unclear. We sought to assess the association of HT with risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) following first-time PE. METHODS: We conducted a multi-hospital retrospective study. 290 patients with a first-time PE, who had been tested for HT, completed at least 3 months of therapeutic anticoagulation (AC), subsequently discontinued AC, and were followed for at least 36 months thereafter, were included...

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a very rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. It is predominantly noted in the fourth to fifth decades of life and is more common in White females. ACC is most commonly detected as an incidental finding but may have other presentations, such as rapid-onset Cushing's syndrome or pulmonary embolism. In the current case, ACC was incidentally observed in a 24-year-old female during imaging, and the patient later developed a pulmonary embolism. Lab investigations were suggestive of hypercortisolism along with hyperandrogenism...

VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) syndrome, caused by somatic mutations in UBA1, is an autoinflammatory disorder with diverse systemic manifestations. Thrombosis is a prominent clinical feature of VEXAS. The risks factors and frequency of thrombosis in VEXAS are not well described, due to the disease's new discovery and paucity of large databases. We evaluated 119 VEXAS patients for venous and arterial thrombosis and correlated their presence with clinical outcomes and survival...

In this case report, we examine the increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with sickle-cell trait (SCT), illustrated by a patient with SCT who developed pulmonary embolism (PE) despite low scores on conventional risk assessment tools. The case prompts both a discussion of risk assessment and management strategies in this population.

INTRODUCTION: Although older adults represent a significant proportion of patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), the data on the impact of age-related differences in the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of VTE are scarce. METHODS: We analyzed data from the RIETE registry database, an ongoing global observational registry of patients with objectively confirmed VTE, to compare patient characteristics, clinical presentation, treatments, and outcomes between elderly (≥70 years) vs...

Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT), a thrombosis which involves the portal, mesenteric, and splenic veins, and the Budd-Chiari syndrome, represents an uncommon type of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Like with deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities and pulmonary embolism, ample evidence suggests a significant association between SVT and cancer, particularly intra-abdominal solid malignancies (e.g. hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Clinical symptoms of SVT in cancer patients can be ambiguous, and frequently attributed to the primary cancer itself...

This comprehensive review introduces the critical issue of venous thromboembolism (VTE), emphasizing its prevalence, particularly in developed countries, and its role as a leading cause of preventable deaths. It discusses the components of VTE, encompassing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), with a focus on the clinical challenges of diagnosing silent VTE in hospitalized patients. The review underscores the shocking statistics associated with VTE, including its impact on patient mortality, especially in medically treated, acutely ill patients...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial disease, and its risk depends on exposure to risk factors and predisposing conditions. Based on their strength of association with a VTE episode, risk factors are classified as major or minor and determined using a temporal pattern to be transient or persistent. All patients with VTE should receive anticoagulant treatment for at least 3 months in the absence of an absolute contraindication. Beyond this period, selected patients may be candidates for an extended phase of anticoagulation aimed at secondary VTE prevention...

BACKGROUND: People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). We conducted this study to characterize VTE including provoking factors among PWH in the current treatment era. METHODS: We included PWH with VTE between 2010-2020 at six sites in the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort. We ascertained for possible VTE using diagnosis, VTE-related imaging, and VTE-related procedure codes, followed by centralized adjudication of primary data by expert physician reviewers...

INTRODUCTION: The etiological assessment after an acute unprovoked pulmonary embolism (PE) represents an essential step in the overall management of the patient, with the aim of adapting the duration and type of anticoagulant to be used, avoiding recurrence and thus improving overall morbidity and mortality, but this is not such a simple question to answer. PURPOSE: The main objective of this work is to know the benefit of a limited etiology strategy versus an extensive strategy after a first episode of acute non-provoked pulmonary embolism, first on all-cause mortality, and then the superiority of one strategy over another on the diagnosis of cancer at 1 year in patients admitted to a cardiac intensive care unit...

Venous thrombosis is a frequent disorder. A distinction is made between an acute phase of the disease and a chronic manifestation, the postthrombotic syndrome. In particular, proximal venous thrombosis/pelvic vein thrombosis can cause a life-threatening pulmonary embolism during the acute phase of the disease. The postthrombotic syndrome is characterized by the remodeling of the affected venous section, which is often caused by inflammation. Locally, the typical clinical finding is caused by scarred stricture of the vein with restricted drainage and peripheral venous hypertension...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) have a high recurrence risk, and guidelines suggest extended-phase anticoagulation. Many patients never experience recurrence but are exposed to bleeding. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the Vienna Prediction Model (VPM) and to evaluate if the VPM accurately identifies these patients. METHODS: In patients with unprovoked VTE, the VPM was performed 3 weeks after anticoagulation withdrawal...

Acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common worldwide disease admitted to emergency departments (ED), usually presenting as pulmonary embolism or lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Due to the lack of typical clinical and biomarker diagnostic features of unprovoked VTE, early identification is challenging and has direct consequences on correct treatment delay. Longitudinal, prospective, observational study. Patients admitted to ED with a suspicion of unprovoked acute VTE between October 2020 and January 2021 were included...

BACKGROUND: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) can occur as a manifestation of an underlying cancer and be of paraneoplastic aetiology. A previously unknown cancer is sometimes diagnosed after the acute PE diagnosis. The identification of a group of patients with elevated probability of having an occult cancer underlying PE was never performed. We aimed to determine predictors of occult cancer in acute PE. Our hypothesis was that the D-dimer levels would be a predictor of cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed a cohort of patients hospitalized with acute PE...

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the major complication of thromboembolic disease. While a few qualitative studies have explored patient experience after PE, to our knowledge no literature review is available to date. The aim of this work was to explore patient experience after a PE episode through a systematic review of the literature comprising: patient experience, clinicians' perception of the patients' attitude and knowledge, and the patients' perception of VTE prevention strategies...