Neck AND ( insulin resistance OR atherosclerosis)

OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a female endocrinopathy characterized by hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and obesity. Hepassocin (HPS) is a hepatokine involved in energy and lipid metabolism. We aimed to investigate the role of HPS in metabolic dysfunction and its relationship with fatty liver in patients with PCOS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 45 newly diagnosed PCOS patients and 42 healthy women of similar age were included in the study...

PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study evaluated how neck circumference (NC) influences the association between abdominal obesity (AO) and insulin resistance (IR) while considering relative handgrip strength (RHGS) in middle-aged and older people. METHODS: Using data from the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 3804 Korean adults aged 40-80 years, AO (waist circumference [WC] ≥90 cm for men, ≥85 cm for women), large NC (sex-specific highest 5th quintile), weak RHGS (sex-specific 1st quintile of HGS/body mass index), and IR (homeostasis model assessment of IR [HOMA-IR] ≥2...

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with osteoporosis (OP) is increasing yearly. Early prevention, detection and treatment of OP are important in postmenopausal patients with T2DM. This study aimed to explore the correlation between insulin resistance and bone mineral density (BMD), and OP in postmenopausal patients with T2DM. In this study, postmenopausal patients with T2DM who visited our hospital from January 2021 to March 2022 were divided into the OP group (n = 91) and non-OP group (n = 119) according to whether they were complicated with OP or not...

The development of techniques and immunotherapies are widely applied in cancer treatment such as checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, and cancer vaccines apart from radiation therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy give enduring anti-tumor effects. Minority people utilize single-agent immunotherapy, and most people adopt multiple-agent immunotherapy. The difficulties are resolved by including the biomarkers to choose the non-responders' and responders' potentials. The possibility of the potential complications and side effects are examined to improve cancer therapy effects...

OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents with adiposity excess are at increased risk of future cardiovascular (CV) disease. Fat accumulation promotes the development of elevated blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness, two main determinants of CV risk which are strongly inter-related. We aimed at investigating whether the association between overweight and arterial stiffness, taken at different arterial segments, is mediated by increased BP or is BP-independent. METHODS: Three hundred and twenty-two Italian healthy adolescents (mean age 16...

Type 2 familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD2) is a laminopathic lipodystrophy due to pathogenic variants in the LMNA gene. Its rarity implies that it is not well-known. The aim of this review was to explore the published data regarding the clinical characterisation of this syndrome in order to better describe FPLD2. For this purpose, a systematic review through a search on PubMed until December 2022 was conducted and the references of the retrieved articles were also screened. A total of 113 articles were included...

BACKGROUND: Studies report low bone mineral density (BMD) in female distance runners. We aimed to investigate changes in BMD and resting serum hormones, including dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and estradiol (E2), before and after resistance training (RT) interventions in female collegiate distance runners. METHODS: Fourteen female collegiate distance runners (age, 19.8±0.8 years) and 14 age-matched healthy young women as controls (age, 20.5±1...

Introduction Severe obesity often present with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Emerging researches suggest OSA plays an important role in NAFLD development and progression while the relationship between OSA and NAFLD is still conflicting . The interaction of OSA and NAFLD should be further evaluated as obesity surges. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of OSA and NAFLD in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery, and evaluate the association between OSA and severity of NAFLD...

G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member B (GPRC5B) is involved in extracellular glucose sensing, glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance. Many cancers require glucose at high concentrations to survive and grow. We have investigated the association between tumour GPRC5B expression and the prognosis for patients with cancer, including head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), using data from The Human Protein Atlas. The 5-year survival rate was significantly reduced in patients with HNSCC, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal, and breast cancers if their tumours exhibited high levels of GPRC5B expression...

BACKGROUND: Features of metabolic syndrome such as abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia are commonly encountered in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Recent evidence has suggested an association between high serum uric acid/creatinine (UA/Cr) ratio and metabolic syndrome however, no studies have investigated this association in PCOS. The current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between UA/Cr ratio and PCOS and to identify whether UA/Cr ratio and free androgen index (FAI) have an additive interaction for detection of PCOS risk in obese women...

INTRODUCTION: Increase in blood pressure is the leading cause of comorbidity, especially cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, but its variability represents an independent risk factor for the same in menopausal women. Dramatic decrease of estrogen production in menopause interferes with many metabolic pathways leading to insulin resistance, increased body mass index (BMI) and dyslipidemia hence cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this study an assessment of the variability of blood pressure in postmenopausal women and its association with BMI have been highlighted...

Acanthosis nigricans (AN) has been reported in relation to insulin resistance (IR). We aim to review AN through an endocrine and metabolic perspective focusing on IR in association with metabolic complications such as obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and metabolic syndrome (MS) with/without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We revised English papers on PubMed covering publications from the last 5 years. The current prevalence of AN varies from 4.5 to 74% (or even 100%, depending on the studied population), with equal distribution among females and males...

BACKGROUNDThe effects of insulin resistance on bone mineral density (BMD) are unclear.METHODSIn Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) participants, we used multivariable regression to test average insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-IR) and rate of change in insulin resistance as predictors of rate of change in lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) BMD in 3 stages: premenopause (n = 861), menopause transition (MT) (n = 571), and postmenopause (n = 693). Models controlled for age, average BW, change in BW, cigarette use, race and ethnicity, and study site...

We investigated the associations of insulin resistance and β-cell secretion with bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data on BMD assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry from 5292 participants were analyzed. Insulin resistance and β-cell secretion were assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β), respectively. We divided the study population into four groups according to HOMA-IR (<2 vs...

INTRODUCTION: Insulin resistance (IR) is a metabolism disorder that contributes to the pathophysiology of acanthosis nigricans (AN). In turn, AN is a self-determining risk factor and cutaneous marker of IR. However, conflicting evidence makes the AN-IR relationship debatable and open to exploration. If established, it could provide opportunities for early diagnosis and management of IR before the onset of diabetes mellitus and its complications by screening AN patients. This study investigates the prevalence of IR among AN patients and evaluates the association between IR and AN severity...

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of thyroid cancer and metabolic syndrome has been increasing at the same rate over the past few decades. We hypothesized that there would be a direct relationship between thyroid papillary cancer and triglyceride/glucose index (TyG). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 382 operated patients were divided into two groups: patients operated on for papillary thyroid cancer and for non-malignant reasons. Each patient's age, gender, operation times, presence of neck dissection, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4), fasting blood glucose and triglyceride levels were scanned retrospectively from the archive system...

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit usually affects adolescents. It is seen on the face, neck, trunk and arms. The main pathogenic factors of acne are high sebaceous gland secretion, follicular hyper proliferation, high androgen effects, propionibacterium acnes colonization and inflammation. Objectives: To determine the presence of insulin resistance in moderate to very severe acne vulgaris. Material and Methods: One hundred sixty subjects were enrolled in the study consisting of 80 patients with moderate to very severe acne vulgaris and 80 age and sex-matched controls without acne...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The assembly and secretion of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) from the liver, a pathway that affects hepatic and plasma lipids, remains incompletely understood. We set out to identify new players in the VLDL biogenesis pathway through identifying genes that are co-expressed with the MTTP gene which encodes for microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), key to the lipidation of apolipoprotein (apo) B, the core protein of VLDL. Using human and murine transcriptomic datasets, we identified SMLR1, encoding for small leucine-rich protein 1, a protein of unknown function, which is exclusively expressed in liver and small intestine...

BACKGROUND: Acanthosis Nigricans (AN) is an asymptomatic skin condition linked to several underlying systemic conditions. Chemerin is an adipokine that increases during inflammatory disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). AIMS: This case-control study investigates the link between AN and the underlying MetS and serum levels of chemerin in individuals with obesity. PATIENTS/METHODS: 25 adults with AN and obesity (body mass index (BMI) >30 Kg/m2 ), 25 adults with obesity but no AN, and 25 healthy controls (BMI <30 Kg/m2 ) had their lipid profiles and serum chemerin concentrations examined...

PURPOSE: The relationship of CAN and BMD, fracture risk is still unclear in T2DM. The aim of the present study is to investigate the correlation between heart rate variability (HRV) and BMD in T2DM. METHODS: The study included 276 patients with T2DM aged ≥ 50 years, and Cardiovascular Autonomic Reflex Tests (CARTs) were applied to divide patients into two groups: CAN ( ±). 24 h Ambulatory ECG was assessed for HRV, BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray bone densitometry, and FRAX scores were calculated for 10-year hip fracture risk (HF1 ) and major osteoporotic fracture risk (MOF)...