Matthias Stelljes, Jan Moritz Middeke, Gesine Bug, Eva-Maria Wagner-Drouet, Lutz P Müller, Christoph Schmid, Stefan W Krause, Wolfgang Bethge, Edgar Jost, Uwe Platzbecker, Stefan A Klein, Jörg Schubert, Judith Niederland, Martin Kaufmann, Kerstin Schäfer-Eckart, Markus Schaich, Henning Baldauf, Friedrich Stölzel, Cathleen Petzold, Christoph Röllig, Nael Alakel, Björn Steffen, Beate Hauptrock, Christoph Schliemann, Katja Sockel, Fabian Lang, Oliver Kriege, Judith Schaffrath, Christian Reicherts, Wolfgang E Berdel, Hubert Serve, Gerhard Ehninger, Alexander H Schmidt, Martin Bornhäuser, Jan-Henrik Mikesch, Johannes Schetelig
BACKGROUND: Whether high-dose cytarabine-based salvage chemotherapy, administered to induce complete remission in patients with poor responsive or relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia scheduled for allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) after intensive conditioning confers a survival advantage, is unclear. METHODS: To test salvage chemotherapy before allogeneic HSCT, patients aged between 18 and 75 years with non-favourable-risk acute myeloid leukaemia not in complete remission after first induction or untreated first relapse were randomly assigned 1:1 to remission induction with high-dose cytarabine (3 g/m2 intravenously, 1 g/m2 intravenously for patients >60 years or with a substantial comorbidity) twice daily on days 1-3 plus mitoxantrone (10 mg/m2 intravenously) on days 3-5 or immediate allogeneic HSCT for the disease control group...
April 4, 2024: Lancet Haematology