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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdulrahman Alfraih, Achieng Tago, Michael Lacombe, William G Kussmaul
Cardiology and all its subspecialties continue to push the envelope in developing new treatment strategies for a wide variety of diseases. After screening more than 1300 articles, we highlight a selection of important cardiology articles published in 2023. Starting with prevention, we note articles that look at the effect of semaglutide in patients with obesity as well as a first-in-class drug, bempedoic acid, on cardiovascular outcomes. We have also examined new evidence comparing conservative management with invasive management of frail, older patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)...
April 16, 2024: Annals of Internal Medicine
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalie McCormick, Chio Yokose, Na Lu, Deborah J Wexler, J Antonio Aviña-Zubieta, Mary A De Vera, Rozalina G McCoy, Hyon K Choi
IMPORTANCE: Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a revolutionary treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D) with cardiovascular, kidney, and serum urate-lowering benefits. OBJECTIVE: To compare risk of incident gout and rate of recurrent flares between patients with T2D initiating SGLT2i vs sulfonylurea, most common second-line glucose-lowering therapy, when added to metformin monotherapy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This sequential, propensity score-matched, new-user comparative effectiveness study using target trial emulation framework included adults with T2D receiving metformin monotherapy in a Canadian general population database from January 1, 2014, to June 30, 2022...
April 15, 2024: JAMA Internal Medicine
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chandra Mani Adhikari, Dipanker Prajapati, Birat Timalsena, Amrit Bogati, Barkadin Khan, Sajjad Safi, Jagat Adhikari, Vijay Ghimire
BACKGROUND: and objective: Lipid-lowering is an important intervention to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the secondary prevention of STEMI. There is no study to analyze the use of statin and LDL-C treatment target attainment among STEMI patients in Nepal. This study aims to assess the use of statin and LDL-C treatment target attainment among STEMI patients. METHODS: It was a prospective observational single-center study conducted at the Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal outpatient department...
March 31, 2024: Journal of Nepal Health Research Council
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pramitha Esha Nirmala Dewi, Montarat Thavorncharoensap, Bangunawati Rahajeng
BACKGROUND: Post-hospitalized acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients in Indonesia National Insurance does not pay for the use of high-intensity statin (HIS) for secondary prevention after ACS hospitalization. Moreover, a cost-utility analysis needs to be conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of prescribing HIS and low-to-moderate-intensity statin (LMIS) per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). This study aimed to estimate the cost-utility of long-term HIS treatment in post-hospitalized ACS patients in Indonesia compared to current practice...
April 14, 2024: Egyptian Heart Journal: EHJ
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Javier Mateu-Fabregat, Hamza Mostafa, Raul Sanchez-Gimenez, Óscar M Peiró, Gil Bonet, Anna Carrasquer, Georgios A Fragkiadakis, Alfredo Bardaji, Mònica Bulló, Christopher Papandreou
The relationship between bile acids (BAs) and adverse cardiovascular events following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have been little investigated. We aimed to examine the associations of BAs with the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in ACS. We conducted a prospective study on 309 ACS patients who were followed for 10 years. Plasma BAs were quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Cox regression analyses with elastic net penalties were performed to associate BAs with MACE and all-cause mortality...
April 5, 2024: Nutrients
#6
REVIEW
Edita Pogran, Achim Leo Burger, David Zweiker, Christoph Clemens Kaufmann, Marie Muthspiel, Gersina Rega-Kaun, Alfa Wenkstetten-Holub, Johann Wojta, Heinz Drexel, Kurt Huber
Achieving guideline-recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. This review assesses the barriers to reaching LDL-C goals and explores the potential solutions to these issues. When aiming for the recommended LDL-C goal, strategies like "lower is better" and "strike early and strong" should be used. The evidence supports the safety and efficacy of intensive lipid-lowering therapy post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS), leading to improved long-term cardiovascular health and atherosclerotic plaque stabilization...
April 1, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anja Sandek, Frank Edelmann, Christoph Gertler, Tim Friede, Rolf Wachter, Gerd Hasenfuß
AIMS: Chronic systolic heart failure (CHF) is a major health burden. A relevant number of patients shows asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (ALVSD) before symptomatic CHF or becomes asymptomatic after initiating heart failure therapy. Clinical course, prognosis, and response to pharmacological and device-based treatment are largely unknown in these two distinct groups of patients. Current pharmacological and interventional therapies do neither properly address the underlying pathophysiology nor prevent malignant loss of function...
April 12, 2024: ESC Heart Failure
#8
REVIEW
Yoshimi Numao, Saeko Takahashi, Yoko M Nakao, Emi Tajima, Satsuki Noma, Ayaka Endo, Junko Honye, Yayoi Tsukada
Background: Antithrombotic therapy is crucial for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but women with CVD may face increased bleeding complications post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) under antithrombotic therapy. However, women are often underrepresented in clinical trials in this field, so evidence for sex-specific recommendations is lacking. Methods and Results: A search on PubMed was conducted for English-language articles addressing bleeding complications and antithrombotic therapy in women...
April 10, 2024: Circulation reports
#9
André Scheen, Caroline Wallemacq, Patrizio Lancellotti
Hypercholesterolemia, especially LDL-C («Low-Density-Lipoprotein - Cholesterol»), is a major cardiovascular risk factor, especially for coronary artery disease. Patients at high or very high cardiovascular risk should reach LDL concentrations as low as possible («the lower, the better»), with a reduction of at least 50 % from baseline levels according to the most recent guidelines, especially those in secondary prevention. An ezetimibe-statin combination most often allows to reach this goal thanks to a complementary action...
April 2024: Revue Médicale de Liège
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Uday Mann, Dhiraj S Bal, Kapilan Panchendrabose, Ranveer Brar, Premal Patel
BACKGROUND: The relationship between erectile dysfunction (ED) and cardiovascular (CV) events has been postulated, with ED being characterized as a potential harbinger of CV disease. Location of residence is another important consideration, as the impact of rural residence has been associated with worse health outcomes. AIM: To investigate whether men from rural settings with ED are associated with a higher risk of major adverse CV events (MACEs). METHODS: A propensity-weighted retrospective cohort study was conducted with provincial health administrative databases...
April 10, 2024: Journal of Sexual Medicine
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John J McCabe, Cathal Walsh, Sarah Gorey, Katie Harris, Pablo Hervella, Ramon Iglesias-Rey, Christina Jern, Linxin Li, Nobukazu Miyamoto, Joan Montaner, Annie Pedersen, Francisco Purroy, Peter M Rothwell, Catherine Sudlow, Yuji Ueno, Mikel Vicente-Pascual, William Whiteley, Mark Woodward, Peter J Kelly
INTRODUCTION: Inflammation is an emerging target for secondary prevention after stroke and randomised trials of anti-inflammatory therapies are ongoing. Fibrinogen, a putative pro-inflammatory marker, is associated with first stroke, but its association with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after stroke is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We did a systematic review investigating the association between fibrinogen and post-stroke vascular recurrence. Authors were invited to provide individual-participant data (IPD) and where available we did within-study multivariable analyses with adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and medications...
April 10, 2024: European Stroke Journal
#12
REVIEW
Saumitra Ray
Blood cholesterol has firmly been established as a crucial risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by elegant epidemiological studies. Naturally, means to reduce blood cholesterol level took the centerstage of research in this field. After initial lukewarm results with nicotinic acid, fibrates and some other agents, statins emerged as the most effective class of medicine to reduce blood cholesterol; in particular, the most atherogenic low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)...
March 2024: Indian Heart Journal
#13
REVIEW
Ankit Garg, S Radhakrishnan
The leading cause of mortality worldwide is atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerotic plaques are well known to originate early in the childhood. Identifying hyperlipidemia in early childhood creates an opportunity to prevent major cardiovascular events in adults. Children with identified risk factors are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular incidents in later life. This article emphasizes the diagnosis and management of pediatric hyperlipidemia with reference to the recent guidelines...
March 2024: Indian Heart Journal
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sana Siddiqui, Rizwan Ahmad, Yusra Ahmad, Abul Faiz Faizy, Shagufta Moin
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are produced non-enzymatically through the process of glycation. Increased AGEs production has been linked to several diseases including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS contributes to the development of secondary comorbidities, such as diabetes, cardiovascular complications, infertility, etc. Consequently, research is going on AGEs-inhibiting phytochemicals for their potential to remediate and impede the progression of hyperglycaemia associated disorders. In this study human serum albumin is used as a model protein, as albumin is predominantly present in follicular fluid...
April 8, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aline Marcadenti, Rachel H Vieira Machado, Renato Hideo Nakagawa Santos, Caio Cesar Dos Santos Kasai, Cristiane Kovacs, Annie Bello, Cristina H de Matos, Renata Torres Abib Bertacco, Gabriela C Souza, Gabriela da S Schirmann, Francisca Eugenia Zaina Nagano, Soraia Poloni, Raquel Milani El Kik, Naoel Hassan Feres, Isa G Rodrigues, Antônio Carlos Sobral Sousa, Josilene M F Pinheiro, Sandra Mary Lima Vasconcelos, Daniele Maria de Oliveira Carlos, Viviane Sahade Souza, Adriana Barros Gomes, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto, Emilio Hideyuki Moriguchi, Maria Cristina Izar, Sônia Lopes Pinto, Josefina Bressan, Simone Raimondi de Souza, Magali C Kumbier, Celme Barroncas Passos de Araújo, Camila R Torreglosa, Bernardete Weber, Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira
BACKGROUND: Adhering to a diet adequate in macronutrients is crucial for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of adherence to recommendations for the consumption of dietary fatty acids for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and to estimate whether the presence of certain cardiovascular risk factors would be associated with adherence. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using baseline data from 2,358 participants included in the "Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program Trial"...
2024: Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefan Mark Nidorf, Eldad Ben-Chetrit, Paul M Ridker
Low-dose colchicine (0.5 mg daily) is now FDA-approved for secondary prevention in patients with coronary disease and will be increasingly prescribed in clinical practice. In this State-of-the-Art Review, data were collated from contemporary systemic reviews of case reports, drug registries, and placebo-controlled trials that assessed specific issues of safety related to the continuous use of colchicine in a range of clinical settings to inform physicians, pharmacists, and patients of the absolute risks of continuous use of low-dose colchicine, including among individuals taking statin therapy...
April 10, 2024: European Heart Journal
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Gregory, Alex Griffiths, Amy Jennings, Fiona C Malcomson, Jamie Matu, Anne-Marie Minihane, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Craig W Ritchie, Solange Parra-Soto, Emma Stevenson, Rebecca Townsend, Nicola Ann Ward, Oliver Shannon
BACKGROUND: The Eatwell guide reflects the UK government's recommendations for a healthy and balanced diet. Previous research has identified associations between healthy eating patterns and both cardiovascular and brain health, although there is little evidence specifically focusing on the Eatwell Guide. To date no research has investigated associations between the Eatwell Guide and risk for future dementia. METHODS: Data from the PREVENT dementia cohort study baseline visit was used in this analysis...
April 9, 2024: Nutrition & Metabolism
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew K Moore, Gregory T Jones, Sally McCormick, Michael J A Williams, Sean Coffey
AIMS: Cohort studies have demonstrated associations between calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and Lp(a). As Lp(a) is almost entirely genetically determined, in this study, we aim to determine whether Lp(a), when predicted from genetic data, is associated with CAVD and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients undergoing coronary angiography between January 2012 and May 2013 were invited to participate in the study. Of 752 analysable participants, 446 had their Lp(a) measured and 703 had a calculable LPA genetic risk score (GRS)...
April 9, 2024: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aadithiyan Sekar, Aashika Parveen Amir, Abdul Majith Seeni Mohamed, Paarthipan Natarajan
Background Coronary artery disease, as well as other cardiovascular diseases, poses a significant health burden globally. Understanding the relationship between clinical variables and coronary artery disease is crucial for effective management. This study explores the link between carotid intima-media thickness and different risk factors in the Indian population. Aims and objectives The primary objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between coronary artery disease and carotid intima-media thickness in a cohort of Indian individuals...
March 2024: Curēus
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Sykora, Andrew N Rosenbaum, Robert A Churchill, B Michelle Kim, Mohamed Y Elwazir, John P Bois, John R Giudicessi, Melanie Bratcher, Kathleen A Young, Sami M Ryan, Alan M Sugrue, Ammar M Killu, Panithaya Chareonthaitawee, Suraj Kapa, Abhishek J Deshmukh, Omar F Abou Ezzeddine, Leslie T Cooper, Konstantinos C Siontis
BACKGROUND: The 2014 HRS consensus statement defines histological (definite) and clinical (probable) diagnostic categories of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), but few studies have compared their arrhythmic phenotypes and outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the electrophysiologic/arrhythmic phenotype and outcomes of patients with definite and probable CS. METHODS: We analyzed the arrhythmic/electrophysiologic phenotype in a single-center North American cohort of 388 patients (median age 56 years, 39% female) diagnosed with definite (n=58) or probable (n=330) CS (2000-2022)...
April 6, 2024: Heart Rhythm: the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society
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