keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527074/gnvit-an-enhanced-image-based-groundnut-pest-classification-using-vision-transformer-vit-model
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Venkatasaichandrakanth P, Iyapparaja M
Crop losses caused by diseases and pests present substantial challenges to global agriculture, with groundnut crops particularly vulnerable to their detrimental effects. This study introduces the Groundnut Vision Transformer (GNViT) model, a novel approach that harnesses a pre-trained Vision Transformer (ViT) on the ImageNet dataset. The primary goal is to detect and classify various pests affecting groundnut crops. Rigorous training and evaluation were conducted using a comprehensive dataset from IP102, encompassing pests such as Thrips, Aphids, Armyworms, and Wireworms...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527045/oral-administration-of-phytochemicals-protects-honey-bees-against-cognitive-and-motor-impairments-induced-by-the-insecticide-fipronil
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lina M García, Valentina Caicedo-Garzón, Andre J Riveros
Pollution produced by exposure to pesticides is a major concern for food security because the negative impacts on pollinators. Fipronil, an insecticide broadly used around the globe has been associated with the ongoing decline of bees. With a characteristic neuroactive toxicodynamic, fipronil leads to cognitive and motor impairments at sublethal dosages. Despite of regional bans, multilevel strategies are necessary for the protection of pollinators. Recent evidence suggests that specific nutrients in the diets of bees may induce protection against insecticides...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526817/recent-advances-incombined-avant-garde-technologies-thermal-thermal-non-thermal-non-thermal-and-thermal-non-thermal-matrix-to-extract-polyphenols-from-agro-byproducts
#23
REVIEW
Isaac Duah Boateng
Because food byproducts (waste) are rich in phytoconstituents, valorizing them is crucial for global food security. However, conventional extraction (CE), including decoction, maceration, Soxhlet, etc., for agro byproducts' polyphenol extraction are time-consuming and rely significantly on vast volumes of potentially aggressive solvents. Hence, Avantgarde extraction technologies, including non-thermal (high hydrostatic pressure (HHPE), pulsed-electric field (PEF), high voltage electrical discharges (HVED), etc...
December 15, 2023: Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523308/food-safety-and-dietary-diversity-in-african-urban-cities-evidence-from-ghana
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Makafui I Dzudzor, Nicolas Gerber, Felix A Asante
BACKGROUND: Food safety is integral to food security and is increasingly becoming a significant concern in the urban areas of Africa, which are rapidly growing in population. In the case of Ghana, many urban households depend on traditional open-air markets for most of their food needs. However, these urban food markets also depend on domestic food supply chains, which are prone to risks, including poor hygiene and sanitation and weather seasonality. Food safety compliance has associated costs which increase the unit cost of food products...
March 25, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523113/research-progress-in-parameterizing-irrigation-and-fertilization-in-land-surface-model
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fei Wang, Zi-Han Zhou, Dong-Rui Han, Meng Wang, Qing-Gang Wei, Xiu-Bin Luo, Rui Gao, Zhuo-Ran Zhang, Jing-Chun Fang
Under the context of global climate change and growing population, irrigation and fertilization have become important ways to ensure food production, with consequences on water cycling, energy flow, and materials cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. In the land surface model (LSM), coupling irrigation and fertilization schemes are of great importance for clearly understanding the land-atmosphere interactions to ensure food security. We reviewed the expression methods of three key parameters, namely, the applied method, usage, and time in the parameterization process of irrigation and fertilization (nitrogen fertilizer) in LSM...
February 2024: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao, the Journal of Applied Ecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521931/developing-and-testing-a-produce-prescription-implementation-blueprint-to-improve-food-security-in-a-clinical-setting-a-pilot-study-protocol
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah E Frank, Linda E Guzman, Shivani Ayalasomayajula, Ariana Albanese, Brady Dunklee, Matthew Harvey, Kelly Bouchard, Maya Vadiveloo, Amy L Yaroch, Kelli Scott, Alison Tovar
BACKGROUND: Food insecurity is common in the United States, especially in Rhode Island, where it affects up to 33% of residents. Food insecurity is associated with adverse health outcomes and disproportionally affects people from minoritized backgrounds. Produce prescription programs, in which healthcare providers write "prescriptions" for free or reduced cost vegetables, have been used to address food insecurity and diet-related chronic disease. Although there is growing evidence for the effectiveness of produce prescription programs in improving food security and diet quality, there have been few efforts to use implementation science methods to improve the adoption of these programs...
March 23, 2024: Pilot and Feasibility Studies
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521320/broad-spectrum-nano-bactericide-utilizing-antimicrobial-peptides-and-bimetallic-cu-ag-nanoparticles-anchored-onto-multiwalled-carbon-nanotubes-for-sustained-protection-against-persistent-bacterial-pathogens-in-crops
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weimin Ning, Xiangwen Luo, Yu Zhang, Peijie Tian, Youlun Xiao, Shijun Li, Xiao Yang, Fan Li, Deyong Zhang, Songbai Zhang, Yong Liu
Worldwide crop yields are threatened by persistent pathogenic bacteria that cause significant damage and jeopardize global food security. Chemical pesticides have shown limited effectiveness in protecting crops from severe yield loss. To address this obstacle, there is a growing need to develop environmentally friendly bactericides with broad-spectrum and sustained protection against persistent crop pathogens. Here, we present a method for preparing a nanocomposite that combines antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and bimetallic Cu-Ag nanoparticles anchored onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)...
March 21, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521255/the-socioecological-benefits-and-consequences-of-oil-palm-cultivation-in-its-native-range-the-sustainable-oil-palm-in-west-africa-sopwa-project
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael D Pashkevich, Cicely A M Marshall, Benedictus Freeman, Valentine J Reiss-Woolever, Jean-Pierre Caliman, Julia Drewer, Becky Heath, Matthew T Hendren, Ari Saputra, Jake Stone, Jonathan H Timperley, William Draper, Abednego Gbarway, Bility Geninyan, Blamah Goll, Marshall Guahn, Andrew N Gweh, Peter Hadfield, Morris T Jah, Samuel Jayswen, Tiecanna Jones, Samuel Kandie, Daniel Koffa, Judith Korb, Nehemiah Koon, Benedict Manewah, Lourdes M Medrano, Ana F Palmeirim, Brogan Pett, Ricardo Rocha, Evangeline Swope-Nyantee, Jimmy Tue, Josiah Tuolee, Pieter Van Dessel, Abraham Vincent, Romeo Weah, Rudy Widodo, Alfred J Yennego, Jerry Yonmah, Edgar C Turner
Agriculture is expanding rapidly across the tropics. While cultivation can boost socioeconomic conditions and food security, it also threatens native ecosystems. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), which is grown pantropically, is the most productive vegetable oil crop worldwide. The impacts of oil palm cultivation have been studied extensively in Southeast Asia and - to a lesser extent - in Latin America but, in comparison, very little is known about its impacts in Africa: oil palm's native range, and where cultivation is expanding rapidly...
March 21, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521020/electrochemical-microfluidic-immunosensor-with-graphene-decorated-gold-nanoporous-for-t-2-mycotoxin-detection
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura N Fernandez Solis, Gilberto J Silva Junior, Mauro Bertotti, Lúcio Angnes, Sirley V Pereira, Martín A Fernández-Baldo, Matías Regiart
T-2 is one of the most potent cytotoxic food-borne mycotoxins. In this work, we have developed and characterized an electrochemical microfluidic immunosensor for T-2 toxin quantification in wheat germ samples. T-2 toxin detection was carried out using a competitive immunoassay method based on monoclonal anti-T-2 antibodies immobilized on the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microfluidic central channel. The platinum wire working electrode at the end of the channel was in situ modified by a single-step electrodeposition procedure with reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-nanoporous gold (NPG)...
March 21, 2024: Talanta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520570/screening-for-drought-tolerance-and-genetic-diversity-of-wheat-varieties-using-agronomic-and-molecular-markers
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asma Guizani, Elyes Babay, Hend Askri, Mariella Finetti Sialer, Fatma Gharbi
BACKGROUND: The future predictions for frequent and severe droughts will represent a significant threat to wheat yield and food security. In this context, breeding has proven to be the most efficient approach to enhance wheat productivity in dry environments. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, both agronomic and molecular-based approaches were used to evaluate the response of twenty-eight Tunisian wheat varieties to drought stress. The primary objective was to screen these varieties for drought tolerance using molecular and agro-morphological markers...
March 23, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519967/racial-discrimination-is-associated-with-food-insecurity-stress-and-worse-physical-health-among-college-students
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan Gamba, Negin Toosi, Lana Wood, Correia Alexandra, Nomar Medina, Maria Pritchard, Venerable Jhamon, Mikayla Lee, Joshua Kier Adrian Santillan
BACKGROUND: Students of color disproportionately experience racial discrimination and food insecurity, which both lead to poor academic and health outcomes. This study explores the extent to which the location of racial discrimination experienced is associated with food insecurity, stress, physical health and grade point average among college students METHODS: A cross sectional study design was implemented to survey 143 students from a racially diverse public university. Logistic regression models assessed if discrimination at various locations was associated with food insecurity and linear models assessed how racial discrimination was associated with physical health, stress and grade point average RESULTS: Student's experiencing food security had an average discrimination score of 2...
March 22, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519933/integrating-genes-and-metabolites-unraveling-mango-s-drought-resilience-mechanisms
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xianbin Hou, Yu Kong, Zheng Teng, Cuifeng Yang, Yufeng Li, Zhengjie Zhu
BACKGROUND: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) faces escalating challenges from increasing drought stress due to erratic climate patterns, threatening yields, and quality. Understanding mango's drought response mechanisms is pivotal for resilience and food security. RESULTS: Our RNA-seq analyses unveil 12,752 differentially expressed genes linked to stress signaling, hormone regulation, and osmotic adjustment. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis identified three essential genes-WRKY transcription factor 3, polyamine oxidase 4, and protein MEI2-like 1-as drought defense components...
March 23, 2024: BMC Plant Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519902/key-predictors-of-food-security-and-nutrition-in-africa-a-spatio-temporal-model-based-study
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adusei Bofa, Temesgen Zewotir
There is voluminous literature on Food Security in Africa. This study explicitly considers the spatio-temporal factors in addition to the usual FAO-based metrics in modeling and understanding the dynamics of food security and nutrition across the African continent. To better understand the complex trajectory and burden of food insecurity and nutrition in Africa, it is crucial to consider space-time factors when modeling and interpreting food security. The spatio-temporal anova model was found to be superior(employing statistical criteria) to the other three models from the spatio-temporal interaction domain models...
March 22, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519772/argon-non-thermal-plasma-treatment-promotes-the-development-of-rice-oryza-sativa-l-in-saline-alkali-environments
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kai Liu, Yan-Jiang Feng, Jun-Xiang Guo, Gui-Ling Wang, Li-Li Shan, Shi-Wei Gao, Qing Liu, Hu-Nan Sun, Xi-Yu Li, Xing-Rong Sun, Jing-Yang Bian, Taeho Kwon
Soil salinization leads to a reduction in arable land area, which seriously endangers food security. Developing saline-alkali land has become a key measure to address the contradiction between population growth and limited arable land. Rice is the most important global food crop, feeding half of the world's population and making it a suitable choice for planting on saline-alkali lands. The traditional salt-alkali improvement method has several drawbacks. Currently, non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology is being increasingly applied in agriculture...
March 23, 2024: Protoplasma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519770/nutritional-knowledge-nutritional-status-and-associated-factors-among-pregnant-adolescents-in-the-west-arsi-zone-central-ethiopia
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adane Tesfaye, Yohannes Adissu, Dessalegn Tamiru, Tefera Belachew
When pregnancy occur among teenagers; there is a competition for nutrients between the still-growing adolescent mother and her fetus. Pregnant adolescents' nutrition issues are not addressed well and changes are too slow in Ethiopia. This study aimed to study, nutrition knowledge, nutritional status and associated factors among pregnant adolescents in West Arsi , central Ethiopia. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 426 pregnant adolescents between January 1 and January 25, 2023. Data were collected using kobo collect and analyzed using SPSS version 25...
March 22, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519651/transcriptomic-investigation-of-the-interaction-between-a-biocontrol-yeast-papiliotrema-terrestris-strain-pt22av-and-the-postharvest-fungal-pathogen-penicillium-expansum-on-apple
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giuseppe Ianiri, Giuseppe Barone, Davide Palmieri, Michela Quiquero, Ilenia Gaeta, Filippo De Curtis, Raffaello Castoria
Biocontrol strategies offer a promising alternative to control plant pathogens achieving food safety and security. In this study we apply a RNAseq analysis during interaction between the biocontrol agent (BCA) Papiliotrema terrestris, the pathogen Penicillium expansum, and the host Malus domestica. Analysis of the BCA finds overall 802 upregulated DEGs (differentially expressed genes) when grown in apple tissue, with the majority being involved in nutrients uptake and oxidative stress response. This suggests that these processes are crucial for the BCA to colonize the fruit wounds and outcompete the pathogen...
March 22, 2024: Communications Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519615/tracing-and-source-fingerprinting-of-metals-from-the-southern-coastal-sediments-in-bangladesh
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niger Sultana, Shamima Akther Eti, Md Lokman Hossain, Jianfeng Li, Mohammed Abdus Salam
Trace element pollution from anthropogenic sources is increasingly widespread. This pollution in terrestrial environments threatens agricultural crop production, while in aquatic environments, it threatens fish cultivation. The contamination of these crucial food sources raises significant concerns regarding food safety, security, and its potential adverse effects on human health. Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to heavy metal pollution due to their proximity to industrial and urban centres, as well as their susceptibility to contamination from marine sources...
March 23, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518492/farmland-protection-and-fertilization-intensity-empirical-evidence-from-preservation-policy-of-heilongjiang-s-black-soil
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhipeng Tang, Wenming Song, Jialing Zou
The preservation of cultivated land quality stands as a vital prerequisite for ensuring food security and sustainability. In the black soil area of northeast China, a large amount of fertilizer was used to stabilize grain production in its early stages, which damaged soil structure and polluted the ecological environment. Based on the panel data of fertilization intensity of 48 districts and counties in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2020, this study takes the implementation of the "Three-Year Action Plan for the Protection of Black Soil Farmland in Heilongjiang Province for the (2018-2020)" (TYAP) policy as a natural experiment, and uses the difference-in-differences (DiD) method to identify the causal effect of the policy on the local fertilization intensity...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517875/a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-on-the-efficacy-of-vaccination-against-colibacillosis-in-broiler-production
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Surya Paudel, Ilias Apostolakos, Ronald Vougat Ngom, Giuditta Tilli, Helena C de Carvalho Ferreira, Alessandra Piccirillo
Colibacillosis, a disease caused by Escherichia coli in broiler chickens has serious implications on food safety, security, and economic sustainability. Antibiotics are required for treating the disease, while vaccination and biosecurity are used for its prevention. This systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted under the COST Action CA18217-European Network for Optimization of Veterinary Antimicrobial Treatment (ENOVAT), aimed to assess the efficacy of E. coli vaccination in broiler production and provide evidence-based recommendations...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517029/sorghum-phytonutrients-and-their-health-benefits-a-systematic-review-from-cell-to-clinical-trials
#40
REVIEW
Lívia de Lacerda de Oliveira, Lúcio Flávio de Alencar Figueiredo
Sorghum is key for global food security due to its genetic variability, resilience, and rich phytonutrient content, which are linked to numerous health benefits. A systematic review assessed the health effects of sorghum by analyzing cell (n = 22), animal (n = 20), and human (n = 7) studies across antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular, and diabetes outcomes. This review, involving 42 papers and 177 researchers from 12 countries, collected data from sorghum accessions (acc) and significant effects...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Food Science
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